12-11-25 Welding Midterm Review 2025
  • 1. What is the base metal?
A) The metal to be welded
B) The shielding gas makes sparks
C) The weld bead
D) The flux coating
  • 2. What is an arc?
A) A type of electrode
B) Light from welding
C) A joint type that lets light fly around everywhere
D) Flow of electricity through a gaseous space or air gap
  • 3. What is arc length?
A) The distance from the gap between plates and the clamp wire
B) Length of the weld
C) Length of the rod
D) The distance from the electrode to the weld pool
  • 4. What is undercut?
A) A surface crack
B) Extra filler metal
C) A groove melted into base metal left unfilled
D) A grove melted into the base metal that is a misaligned joint
  • 5. What is a crater?
A) A depression in the face of the weld
B) A porosity pocket in the face of the weld
C) A melted rod tip in the face of the weld
D) A buildup of slag in the face of the weld
  • 6. What is the axis of weld?
A) Imaginary line through center of weld metal
B) Imaginary line through weld toe
C) Imaginary line through top of the bead
D) Imaginary line through HAZ boundary
  • 7. What is spatter?
A) Arc blow expelled that do not form part of the weld
B) Metal particles expelled that do not form part of the weld
C) Gas bubbles expelled that do not form part of the weld
D) Falling flux expelled that do not form part of the weld
  • 8. What is slag inclusion?
A) Steel trapped in slag
B) Hot cracks trapped in the weld pool at the end
C) Undercut failure
D) Non-metallic material trapped in weld
  • 9. What is a joint?
A) a welding defect
B) The end of the metal piece that is welded first.
C) Location where two or more members are joined
D) filler metal
  • 10. What is a crater crack?
A) A centerline crack
B) A stress fracture formed cause metal was too clean
C) A crack in the crater of a weld bead
D) A cold shut
  • 11. What is ductility
A) Ability to deform without failure
B) Ability to resist rust
C) Ability to stay magnetized
D) Ability to remain cold.
  • 12. What is duty cycle?
A) Percentage of time welders operate at rated output
B) Machine lifespan over a 10 min period
C) Arc stability rating
D) Electrode burn rate is working nonstop
  • 13. What is filler metal?
A) Metal added to make a welded joint
B) Distance fusion extends into base metal
C) Metal base plate
D) Flux coating
  • 14. What is depth of fusion?
A) Distance fusion extends into base metal
B) Weld height
C) Rod penetration
D) Distance bead width extends
  • 15. What is penetration?
A) Slag depth
B) Extent weld metal combines with base metal
C) Bead surface depth
D) Arc reach
  • 16. What is deposition rate?
A) Amount of slag produced
B) Heat generated
C) Length welded per hour
D) Weight of metal deposited per unit time
  • 17. What does SMAW stand for?
A) Shielded Mechanical Arc Welding
B) Shielded Metal Arc Welding
C) Solid Metal Arc Welding
D) Stick Metal Arc Work
  • 18. What is SMAW?
A) Uses shielding gas
B) Purely mechanical process
C) Uses tungsten electrode
D) Uses heat of an arc between covered electrode and the work
  • 19. Advantage of SMAW?
A) High speed
B) Portable and inexpensive
C) No slag
D) Fully automated
  • 20. Disadvantage of SMAW?
A) Cannot weld steel
B) Requires gas bottles
C) Only works indoors
D) It’s slow
  • 21. 7018 can use:
A) AC or DC
B) AC only
C) Neither
D) DC only
  • 22. What polarity do we weld with?
A) Alternating ground
B) No polarity
C) Reverse polarity
D) Straight polarity
  • 23. Reverse polarity:
A) Electrode is positive, ground negative
B) Electrode negative
C) Ground floats
D) No polarity exists
  • 24. Two safety points:
A) Always weld outside use sitka gloves
B) Use small rods and low heat
C) Avoid using gloves never safety glasses
D) Proper ventilation and protective clothing
  • 25. SMAW electrode:
A) MIG wire
B) TIG tungsten
C) Consumable electrode covered with flux
D) Carbon rod
  • 26. Strength of 7018 rod:
A) 70k psi
B) 18k psi
C) 120k psi
D) 40k psi
  • 27. Meaning of 3rd digit in 7018:
A) Positive polarity rod
B) Rod length
C) Coating type
D) Welding position
  • 28. Meaning of 4th digit in 7018:
A) Diameter
B) Composition of rod
C) Arc length
D) Strength
  • 29. Four rod groups:
A) Celluosic, Rutile, Basic/low Hydrogen, Iron Powder
B) High carbon, low carbon, stainless, alloy
C) Inert, reactive, passive, active
D) Soft rods, hard rods, hot rods, cold rods
  • 30. DCEP:
A) Direct Coil Energy Pulse
B) Dual Current Electrode Phase
C) Direct Current Electrode Positive
D) Direct Current Elevated Pressure
  • 31. Why put rods in oven?
A) sterilize
B) Prevent Bending
C) Reduce moisture
D) heat for penetration
  • 32. Minimum oven temperature?
A) 100°F
B) 500°F
C) 250°F
D) 175°F
  • 33. E stands for:
A) Energy
B) Earth
C) Edge
D) Electrode
  • 34. Rod lengths:
A) 3–6 inches
B) 20–30 inches
C) 9–18 inches
D) 1–2 feet
  • 35. MR or R:
A) Machine ready
B) Metal rod
C) Medium rated
D) Moisture resistant
  • 36. Base metal we use:
A) A36 mild steel
B) Cast iron
C) Stainless steel
D) Aluminum
  • 37. Light produced in welding:
A) Electro violet and ultra red light
B) X‑ray emissions
C) Green infrared
D) Blue spectrum only
  • 38. Five joint types:
A) Curve, twist, bend, fold, lock
B) Lap, butt, edge, corner, T-joint
C) Arc, gas, flux, rod, plate
D) Root, face, toe, leg, web
  • 39. AWS:
A) American Welding Society
B) American Wire Service
C) Advanced Weld Standards
D) Arc Welding System
  • 40. Heat affected zone:
A) Metal melted completely
B) Slag-covered area
C) Metal altered but not melted
D) Joint line
  • 41. PJP:
A) Primary Joint Preparation
B) Pressure Joint Process
C) Parallel Joint Pass
D) Partial Joint Penetration
  • 42. CJP:
A) Controlled Joint Process
B) Central Joint Plane
C) Cut Joint Position
D) Complete Joint Penetration
  • 43. 1F:
A) Vertical fillet
B) Overhead fillet
C) Flat fillet
D) Flat groove
  • 44. 2F
A) Horizontal groove
B) Vertical groove
C) Horizontal fillet
D) Flat Fillet
  • 45. 3F
A) Horizontal groove
B) Vertical fillet
C) Flat fillet
D) Overhead fillet
  • 46. 4F:
A) Horizontal fillet
B) Flat groove
C) Vertical fillet
D) Overhead fillet
  • 47. 1G:
A) Flat groove
B) Overhead groove
C) Flat fillet
D) Vertical groove
  • 48. 2G:
A) Horizontal fillet
B) Flat groove
C) Horizontal groove
D) Vertical groove
  • 49. 3G:
A) Vertical groove
B) Flat groove
C) Horizontal fillet
D) Overhead groove
  • 50. 4G:
A) Overhead groove
B) Vertical groove
C) Horizontal fillet
D) Flat groove
  • 51. Weave:
A) Weld bead made with transverse movement
B) Root buildup
C) Slag brushing
D) Cleaning motion
  • 52. No large amount of ______ should be in the weld
A) Hydrogen
B) Mercury
C) Oxygen
D) Sulphur
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