- 1. The dissolution of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s marked a significant turning point in the geopolitical landscape of Eastern Europe, as the USSR gradually relinquished its control over the satellite states in the region. This process was highlighted by the growing wave of independence movements in countries like Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia, fueled by a burgeoning desire for democratic governance and national sovereignty. The 1989 fall of the Berlin Wall emblematically symbolized the collapse of communist dominance, ushering in a new era of political autonomy and freedom for Eastern European nations. As Soviet leadership, under Mikhail Gorbachev, implemented reforms like Glasnost and Perestroika, they inadvertently accelerated the push for independence among Eastern Bloc countries. By 1991, as the Soviet Union officially dissolved, former satellite states swiftly moved to establish their own governments, leading to the emergence of new nations and a redefined political landscape. The end of Soviet influence not only transformed these countries but also shifted the balance of power in Europe, paving the way for their integration into Western institutions such as the European Union and NATO, and illustrating the profound impact of the USSR's withdrawal on the historical trajectory of Eastern Europe.
When did the USSR quit Eastern Europe?
A) 1989
B) 1975
C) 1991
D) 2000
- 2. Which Soviet leader is known for the policy of glasnost and perestroika?
A) Mikhail Gorbachev
B) Nikita Khrushchev
C) Leonid Brezhnev
D) Joseph Stalin
- 3. Which country was the first to break away from Soviet control in Eastern Europe?
A) Czechoslovakia
B) Poland
C) Hungary
D) Romania
- 4. Which Baltic state declared independence from the Soviet Union in 1990?
A) Estonia
B) Latvia
C) Lithuania
D) Belarus
- 5. Which event in Berlin symbolized the end of division between East and West Germany?
A) Fall of the Berlin Wall
B) Tear down this wall speech
C) Berlin Airlift
D) Reunification Day
- 6. Which Eastern European country faced violent protests and a massacre in 1989, leading to the fall of its communist government?
A) Romania
B) Czechoslovakia
C) Bulgaria
D) Albania
- 7. Who was the first democratically elected President of Poland after the fall of communism?
A) Andrzej Duda
B) Bronisław Komorowski
C) Aleksander Kwaśniewski
D) Lech Wałęsa
- 8. What was the name of the Warsaw Pact military intervention in Czechoslovakia in 1968?
A) Operation Barbarossa
B) Operation Gladio
C) Operation Desert Storm
D) Operation Danube
- 9. Who was the first non-communist Prime Minister of Hungary after the fall of communism?
A) Viktor Orbán
B) Ferenc Gyurcsány
C) Gyula Horn
D) József Antall
- 10. Which city in East Germany was known for the Monday demonstrations that led to the peaceful revolution in 1989?
A) Chemnitz
B) Leipzig
C) Berlin
D) Dresden
- 11. Which Baltic republics formed a human chain called the Baltic Way in 1989 to demand independence?
A) Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania
B) Lithuania, Belarus, Finland
C) Estonia, Hungary, Poland
D) Latvia, Ukraine, Russia
- 12. What was the name of the Czechoslovak leader who implemented the reforms of the Prague Spring and later became President of Czechoslovakia?
A) Václav Havel
B) Gustáv Husák
C) Alexander Dubček
D) Milan Kundera
- 13. Which country had a peaceful revolution known as the Velvet Revolution in 1989?
A) Czechoslovakia
B) Romania
C) Albania
D) Yugoslavia
- 14. In which month and year did the Berlin Wall fall?
A) March 1991
B) January 1990
C) August 1988
D) November 1989
- 15. Who was the first President of Russia following the dissolution of the USSR?
A) Dmitry Medvedev
B) Mikhail Gorbachev
C) Boris Yeltsin
D) Vladimir Putin
- 16. What was the name of the Soviet policy that allowed Eastern European countries more independence in foreign relations during the late 1980s?
A) Monroe Doctrine
B) Truman Doctrine
C) Sinatra Doctrine
D) Brezhnev Doctrine
- 17. Which Eastern European country had a peaceful revolution known as the Singing Revolution in the late 1980s?
A) Czechoslovakia
B) Hungary
C) Estonia
D) Poland
- 18. What was the name of the non-violent resistance movement in East Germany in 1989 that played a key role in bringing about the fall of the Berlin Wall?
A) Freedom Rallies
B) Monday Demonstrations
C) Peaceful Protests
D) Summer Uprising
- 19. Which event in Czechoslovakia led to the eventual collapse of the USSR's control in Eastern Europe?
A) Hungarian Revolution
B) Velvet Revolution
C) Solidarity Movement
D) Prague Spring
- 20. The economic restructuring in the USSR initiated by Gorbachev was called:
A) Détente
B) Perestroika
C) Glasnost
D) Solidarity
- 21. Which country hosted the historic meeting between Gorbachev and Reagan in 1986?
A) Iceland
B) Switzerland
C) France
D) Germany
- 22. What term describes the gradual relaxing of tensions between the US and USSR during the 1970s and 1980s?
A) Cuban Missile Crisis
B) Containment
C) Arms Race
D) Détente
- 23. The fall of the USSR was officially declared on:
A) December 26, 1991
B) January 1, 1992
C) October 4, 1990
D) November 9, 1989
- 24. Which country was the last to leave the Soviet sphere of influence in Eastern Europe?
A) Hungary
B) Romania
C) Albania
D) Bulgaria
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