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A) Legal system based on Roman law B) Islamic law derived from the Quran and teachings of Prophet Muhammad C) Secular legal system based on democratic principles D) International law governing human rights
A) Christianity B) Islam C) Buddhism D) Judaism
A) Chinese B) French C) Latin D) Arabic
A) Fasting practice B) Special prayer ritual C) Act of charity D) Analogical reasoning to derive legal rulings
A) Fasting practices B) Religious holidays C) Penalties for criminal acts D) Legal opinions provided by Islamic scholars
A) Sacred text B) Fasting month C) Practices and teachings of Prophet Muhammad D) Annual pilgrimage
A) Tax collector B) Interpret and provide legal opinions on Islamic law C) Archaeologist D) Military commander
A) Religious pilgrimage B) Giving to charity C) Legal conformity to established rulings D) Fasting during Ramadan
A) Fasting practice B) Sacred text C) Permissible according to Islamic law D) Underground movement
A) Saudi Arabia B) France C) Japan D) United States
A) Aqida B) Hadith C) Tafsir D) Fiqh
A) Muslim prayer ritual B) Oneness of God C) Religious holiday D) Religious charity
A) Ijma B) Fiqh C) Sunnah D) Qiyas
A) Maliki B) Hanbali C) Shafiʽi D) Hanafi
A) It refers to individual interpretation of the Quran. B) It is used only in economic transactions. C) It represents consensus among the community or religious authorities. D) It is a form of punishment for non-compliance with Islamic law.
A) Sufi stages, Islamic rules, legal systems. B) Divine, abstract; Classical; Historical; Contemporary sharia(s). C) Pathway, religious regulations, divine justice. D) Islamic law, historical context, modern application.
A) Al-Ghazali B) Ibn Sina C) Al-Farabi D) Saadia Gaon
A) Qur'an al-Azim B) Hikmah C) Sharīʿat Allāh D) Kitab Allah
A) Abu Hanifa B) Ibn Sina C) Malik ibn Anas D) Al-Shafi'i
A) Surah Al-Ikhlas B) Surah An-Nisa C) Al Baqara 178 D) Surah Al-Fatiha
A) Complete abolition of Qisas B) Mandatory exile for all murderers C) Introduction of community service as punishment D) Debate about whether a Muslim can be executed for a non-Muslim
A) Ahl al-Kalām, Mu'tazila B) Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari's followers C) Atharists, Ahl al-Hadith D) rationalists
A) Ahl al-Hadith B) Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari C) Mu'tazila D) Ahl al-Kalām
A) Tradition B) Prayer C) Custom D) Rituals
A) Ijma B) Ikhtilaf C) Sunnah D) Qiyas
A) Mohammed al-Ghazali B) Abdallah bin Bayyah C) Rashid Rida D) Yusuf al-Qaradawi
A) 8th century B) 14th century C) 10th century D) 12th century
A) Istihsan B) Istislah C) Taqlid D) Istishab
A) Al-Shafi'i B) Abdallah bin Bayyah C) Ibn Taymiyyah D) Ibn Hanbal
A) Istihsan (juristic preference) B) Naskh (abrogation) C) Qiyas (analogical reasoning) D) Ijma (consensus)
A) Ijma B) Istislah C) Istihsan D) Qiyas
A) Shiite sect B) Zaydi sect C) Sunni sect D) Kharijite sect
A) The seven laws B) The five decisions (al-aḥkām al-khamsa) C) The ten commandments D) The four pillars
A) Mustaḥabb B) Mandūb C) Farḍ D) Wajib
A) Tazir B) Fatwa C) Hudud D) Qisas
A) Qisas B) Tazir C) Fatwa D) Hudud
A) Upon reaching puberty B) With rushd (maturity) C) After the first prayer D) At birth
A) Ahmad Ibn Hanbal B) Al-Shafi'i C) Ibn Taymiyyah D) Al-Ghazali
A) Rituals B) Marriage C) Injuries D) Sales
A) Taʿzīr B) Qisas C) Diya D) Hudud
A) Qawāʿid B) Collections of fatwas C) Mabsut D) Mukhtasar
A) Qisas B) Taʿzīr C) Diya D) Hudud
A) Treason, blasphemy B) Murder, adultery, slander, theft C) Property damage, bodily injury D) Crimes against God
A) Shafi'i B) Hanbali C) Hanafi D) Maliki
A) Maliki B) Hanbali C) Hanafi D) Shafi'i
A) Ibadi B) Hanafi C) Shafi'i D) Maliki
A) Shafi'i B) Maliki C) Hanafi D) Hanbali
A) Muftis B) Muslim rulers C) Imams D) Judges
A) Their scholarly reputation B) Their wealth and social status C) The number of fatwas they issued D) Their political connections
A) They remained independent throughout history B) Gradually incorporated into state bureaucracies C) They formed separate religious courts D) They were banned from issuing fatwas
A) A diploma for completing high school B) A certificate of attendance C) A recommendation letter D) A license (ijaza) certifying a student's competence
A) The ruler B) A judge (qadi) C) A shurta D) A mufti
A) Confessions B) Written documents C) Oral witness testimony D) Physical evidence
A) Absence of oral testimony B) Lack of trained judges C) Stringent procedural norms made convictions difficult D) Influence from the ruling elite
A) Mazalim court B) Police court C) Sharia court D) Mufti court
A) "Justice above all else" B) "The letter of the law prevails" C) "Evidence is king" D) "Amicable settlement is the best verdict"
A) Mazalim B) Sharia C) Qanun D) Fatawa-e-Alamgiri
A) Cases involving peasants and landowners were rarely heard in Sharia courts. B) Peasants almost always won cases against oppressive landowners. C) Sharia courts favored neither party in disputes between peasants and landowners. D) Landowners almost always won cases against peasants.
A) The Dutch B) The Spanish C) The British D) The French
A) King George III B) Lord Cornwallis C) Napoleon Bonaparte D) Warren Hastings
A) 1839 B) 1826 C) 1870s D) 1917
A) French B) Arabic C) Turkish D) English
A) The Ottoman Empire B) The post-colonial era C) The colonial era D) The 20th century
A) Saudi Arabia B) Iran C) Tunisia D) Egypt
A) Abolishing all religious laws B) Directly changing the Quranic text C) Imposing administrative hurdles D) Ignoring traditional practices entirely
A) Through advocating for secular governance. B) By promoting Western democratic values. C) As a resistance struggle using leftist anticolonialist rhetoric. D) By focusing solely on economic reforms.
A) Saudi Arabia B) Algeria C) Pakistan D) Iran
A) Libya B) Iran C) Saudi Arabia D) Pakistan
A) Inheritance B) Purchase C) Bequest D) Through pre-trial discovery process
A) They are universally codified B) Judges' verdicts do not set binding precedents C) They must be followed by all future cases D) They require jury approval
A) Anyone regardless of religion B) Only men C) Non-Muslims D) Muslims
A) A type of court procedure B) An inheritance tax C) A charitable endowment D) A form of legal representation
A) Half the value. B) Twice the value. C) One-fifteenth the value. D) The same as a non-Muslim man.
A) Half the amount. B) Twice the amount. C) One-sixteenth the amount. D) The same amount.
A) The same amount. B) Twice the amount. C) Half the amount. D) One-sixteenth.
A) Military commanders B) Local religious leaders C) A public official called muhtasib (market inspector) D) Educational administrators
A) Aceh B) Sumatra C) Bali D) Jakarta
A) Israel B) England C) United States D) India
A) Indonesia (72%) B) Pakistan (84%) C) Afghanistan (99%) D) Egypt (74%)
A) Azerbaijan (8%) B) Turkey (12%) C) Albania (12%) D) Kazakhstan (10%)
A) Sub-Saharan Africa (64%) B) Southern-Eastern Europe (18%) C) South Asia (84%) D) Middle-East/North Africa (74%)
A) 65% B) 74% C) 56% D) 42%
A) 60% B) 55% C) 40% D) 25%
A) Senator Ted Cruz B) Governor Ron DeSantis C) President Barack Obama D) Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich
A) Florida B) Oklahoma C) Texas D) California
A) Quebec, Canada B) Alberta, Canada C) British Columbia, Canada D) Ontario, Canada
A) Chancellor Angela Merkel B) Foreign Minister Heiko Maas C) President Frank-Walter Steinmeier D) Interior Minister Thomas de Maizière
A) 34 B) 50 C) 20 D) 25
A) Diana West B) Glenn Beck C) Ann Coulter D) Laura Ingraham
A) Quebec B) Ontario C) Alberta D) British Columbia
A) Abdolkarim Soroush B) Abul A'la Maududi C) Hasan al-Turabi D) Sayyid Qutb
A) An absolute monarchy B) A democratic context C) Radical Islamist movements D) Western democracy without modifications
A) 2001 B) 1995 C) 1998 D) 2003
A) Maurits S. Berger B) The Turkish Constitutional Court C) Refah Party D) Kevin Boyle
A) None. B) More than ten individuals. C) Twenty individuals. D) Four individuals.
A) 100% B) 25% C) Less than 10% D) 52%
A) Marriage with parental consent. B) Marriage at any age without proof of maturity. C) Marriage above the minimum age was forbidden. D) Marriage below the minimum age was forbidden.
A) Freedom of speech B) Right to drive C) Property rights D) Voting rights
A) Ibn Faras B) Ata' bin Abi Rabah C) Darimi D) Ibn Hajar
A) Red Cross, Save the Children, Human Rights Watch B) Doctors Without Borders, Greenpeace, Oxfam C) Musawah, CEDAW, KAFA D) UNICEF, WHO, Amnesty International |