A) Police officers decide the guilt of suspects B) Law enforcement gathers evidence while the judiciary independently adjudicates the case C) Police officers impose judicial penalties D) Judges direct police officers on how to conduct every investigation
A) Integrity and fairness B) Separation of powers C) Community participation D) Judicial economy
A) Correctional treatment B) Fair administration of justice C) Community policing D) Rehabilitation
A) To prosecute all suspects B) To independently determine cases according to law and evidence C) To investigate every reported crime D) To supervise all correctional facilities
A) Judicial supremacy B) Presumption of innocence C) Retribution D) Police discretion
A) Criminal cases are decided by private individuals B) Civil cases never involve courts C) Criminal prosecution generally involves an offense against the State or public order D) Civil actions always result in imprisonment
A) Legislative supremacy B) Proportionality and respect for human rights C) Community sovereignty D) Judicial review
A) Double jeopardy B) Due process C) Equal protection only D) Judicial notice
A) Procedural due process B) Equal protection C) Double jeopardy D) Substantive due process
A) Right to counsel B) Double jeopardy C) Procedural due process D) Substantive due process
A) Double jeopardy B) Presumption of innocence C) Equal protection D) Self-incrimination
A) Applying the law fairly to persons similarly situated B) Exempting government officials from criminal prosecution C) Allowing police officers to choose which laws apply D) Giving favored treatment to politically influential suspects
A) Double jeopardy B) Police power C) Equal protection D) Due process
A) Determining legal controversies B) Interpreting laws C) Conducting routine criminal investigation D) Adjudicating criminal cases
A) Conducting preliminary investigation when authorized by law B) Evaluating evidence for prosecution C) Imposing the final sentence on a convicted offender D) Representing the State in criminal cases
A) Determination of guilt B) Custody of offenders C) Rehabilitation D) Reintegration
A) Rehabilitation B) Prosecution C) Investigation D) Adjudication
A) A person commits a crime for the first time B) A person reports a crime to the police C) A prosecutor dismisses a complaint D) A convicted offender returns to criminal behavior after previously being punished for an offense
A) It allows offenders to avoid accountability B) It guarantees that every offender will be acquitted C) It eliminates the need for courts D) It seeks to prepare offenders for lawful and productive reintegration into society
A) Adjudication B) Reintegration C) Prosecution D) Investigation
A) Arresting a suspect after a crime has been committed B) Conducting visible patrols in areas identified as vulnerable to criminal activity C) Supervising convicted offenders D) Presenting evidence during trial
A) Gathering and analyzing information to establish the facts and circumstances of an offense B) Imposing a sentence C) Conducting rehabilitation programs D) Determining the constitutionality of a statute
A) To exercise judicial authority B) To replace the prosecutor C) To establish facts relevant to the offense D) To determine the final sentence
A) The police must impose the appropriate punishment B) The judge must investigate the accused personally C) The prosecution must establish the accused's guilt beyond reasonable doubt D) The accused must always prove that he is innocent
A) Order the police to impose punishment B) Convict because arrest creates a presumption of guilt C) Acquit because guilt was not established beyond reasonable doubt D) Convict because the prosecutor believes the accused is guilty
A) It is equivalent to proof beyond reasonable doubt B) It guarantees the guilt of the accused C) It is a reasonable basis for believing that a crime has been committed and that the person involved may be responsible D) It is the standard necessary for every criminal conviction
A) Completion of the criminal trial B) Automatic conviction C) A sufficient legal basis for the issuance of the warrant D) Final guilt
A) Administrative convenience B) Due process and presumption of innocence C) Police discretion D) Community control
A) Double jeopardy B) Judicial supremacy C) Legislative immunity D) Voluntariness and constitutional safeguards
A) An officer is investigated for an alleged violation of law or regulations B) An officer is automatically immune from liability because of official position C) A police officer determines his own punishment D) A police officer refuses all external review
A) Retribution B) Political neutrality only C) Integrity D) Judicial review
A) An officer follows established procedures B) A prosecutor evaluates evidence objectively C) A court renders a decision based on evidence D) An official accepts money in exchange for favorable treatment
A) Favoritism toward influential individuals B) Consistent enforcement of laws C) Transparent disciplinary proceedings D) Respect for constitutional rights
A) Appellate review B) Sentencing C) Adjudication D) Crime prevention
A) It applies only to convicted offenders B) It begins only after conviction C) It seeks to reduce the occurrence of crime before offenses happen D) It is exclusively performed by courts
A) Community participation in crime prevention B) Correctional custody C) Prosecutorial discretion D) Judicial review
A) Court B) Prosecutor's office C) Police department D) Correctional institution
A) Community control B) Judicial independence and due process C) Police supremacy D) Executive interference
A) Community supremacy B) Police discretion C) Judicial independence D) Executive control
A) One government branch performs all criminal justice functions B) Criminal justice functions are distributed among constitutionally recognized branches and institutions C) Police agencies may create criminal statutes D) Courts may exercise unlimited executive authority
A) Absolute judicial power B) Separation of powers C) Police authority D) Correctional independence
A) Executive B) Judicial C) Legislative D) Correctional
A) Legislative B) Community C) Judicial D) Executive
A) Legislative B) Non of the above C) Judicial D) Executive
A) Police supremacy B) Administrative convenience C) Executive privilege D) Rule of law
A) Laws apply only to private citizens B) All persons and institutions, including government authorities, are subject to the law C) Government officials may act according to personal judgment regardless of law D) Police officers may override constitutional limitations
A) Media opinion B) Immediate punishment C) Due process and the rule of law D) Public anger
A) Applying the law fairly while protecting the rights of the accused and the interests of society B) Convicting every arrested person C) Giving harsher punishment solely because of public demand D) Ignoring constitutional safeguards to obtain convictions
A) Each pillar should perform its legally assigned function while coordinating with the others and respecting constitutional rights B) Law enforcement should control all other pillars C) Courts should follow the decisions of police investigators D) Community members should determine the guilt and punishment of offenders
A) Presumption of innocence B) Police efficiency C) Correctional rehabilitation D) Community participation
A) Punishing a suspect immediately after arrest B) Allowing police officers to impose penalties C) Giving the accused a fair opportunity to be heard according to established legal procedures D) Allowing the media to determine guilt
A) Ask the court to convict based on the police report alone B) Observe ethical and legal duties and avoid relying on fabricated evidence C) Ignore the defect because the accused is probably guilty D) Use the evidence because conviction is the objective
A) Giving preferential treatment to politically influential suspects B) Applying legal standards without regard to personal relationships C) Allowing public opinion to determine prosecution D) Giving harsher treatment to unpopular individuals
A) Community control B) Police discretion C) Executive supremacy D) Judicial independence
A) The community has authority over all government institutions B) Each pillar performs identical functions C) The performance of one pillar can affect the effectiveness of the others D) The judiciary controls all five pillars
A) Interdependence of the criminal justice pillars B) Judicial supremacy C) Separation of the community D) Correctional independence
A) Gather facts and evidence in accordance with law B) Determine the final guilt of the suspect C) Decide whether the accused should be convicted D) Impose the sentence
A) Impose imprisonment B) Personally determine the accused's guilt C) Serve as the correctional officer D) Represent the State and evaluate and present evidence according to law
A) Investigate every reported crime B) Conduct routine police patrols C) Conduct correctional counseling D) Determine criminal liability through judicial proceedings
A) It focuses on custody, treatment, rehabilitation, and reintegration of offenders B) It focuses primarily on arrest and investigation C) It enacts criminal statutes D) It determines probable cause for warrants
A) Rehabilitation B) Adjudication C) Retribution D) Investigation
A) Citizens participate in programs designed to reduce conditions associated with crime B) Citizens impose criminal sentences C) Citizens determine guilt D) Citizens issue search warrants
A) Prosecution B) Reintegration C) Adjudication D) Investigation
A) Modern corrections may combine lawful punishment with efforts to reform and reintegrate offenders B) Punishment and rehabilitation can never coexist C) Rehabilitation completely eliminates accountability D) Rehabilitation means that offenders are automatically released
A) Community B) Corrections C) Prosecution D) Judiciary
A) Philippine National Police B) Bureau of Corrections C) Bureau of Jail Management and Penology D) National Bureau of Investigation
A) Supreme Court B) Department of Justice C) Bureau of Corrections D) Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
A) Detention before conviction does not by itself establish guilt B) The person may be punished without trial C) The person should automatically be treated as a convicted prisoner D) The person has already been found guilty
A) Right to be informed and right to counsel B) Right to travel and suffrage C) Freedom of religion and assembly D) Right to property and education
A) A police officer refuses to investigate B) A prosecutor refuses to file a case C) A person refuses to provide compelled testimony that would incriminate him D) . A person refuses to obey a lawful court order unrelated to testimony
A) Separation of functions among criminal justice agencies B) Supremacy of law enforcement C) Community adjudication D) Judicial delegation of police powers
A) Correctional rehabilitation B) Judicial independence C) Impartial administration of justice D) Police discretion
A) Presumption of innocence B) Judicial review C) Police power D) Double jeopardy
A) Judicial independence B) Executive control C) Community supremacy D) Police discretion
A) Probable cause concerns whether there is sufficient basis to proceed, while proof beyond reasonable doubt is required for conviction. B) Both standards require exactly the same level of certainty. C) Probable cause is sufficient for conviction, while proof beyond reasonable doubt is needed only for arrest. D) Proof beyond reasonable doubt is required before any investigation can begin.
A) Presumption of innocence B) Community participation C) Judicial supremacy D) Police power
A) Reintegration B) All of the above C) Integrity D) Rehabilitation
A) Ignoring complaints against fellow officers B) Submitting to lawful investigation regarding an alleged abuse of authority C) Using official position to avoid disciplinary proceedings D) Refusing to disclose misconduct because of institutional reputation
A) Rehabilitation B) Adjudication C) Investigation D) Retribution
A) Reintegration B) Adjudication C) Prosecution D) Deterrence
A) Corrections B) Prosecution C) Community D) Judiciary
A) Police authority is unlimited during criminal investigations B) Crime control always prevails over individual rights. C) Constitutional rights apply only after conviction. D) Law enforcement must operate within constitutional and legal limitations.
A) A prosecutor gives preferential treatment to a political ally. B) A police officer follows established legal procedures despite pressure from influential individuals. C) A government official ignores a law because of his position. D) A judge decides a case according to personal preference.
A) Double jeopardy B) Judicial review C) Right against self-incrimination D) Equal protection
A) Double jeopardy B) Substantive due process C) Equal protection D) Procedural due process
A) Right to counsel B) Procedural due process C) Double jeopardy D) Substantive due process
A) Equal protection B) Freedom of assembly C) Right to information D) Double jeopardy
A) Right to property B) Right to travel C) Right to suffrage D) Right to counsel
A) Protection against compelled self-incrimination and coercive interrogation B) Presumption of innocence and proof beyond reasonable doubt C) Coordination between law enforcement and prosecution D) Right to assembly
A) Supremacy of police authority B) Judicial control over investigation C) A court determines whether governmental action is consistent with the Constitution D) Coordination between law enforcement and prosecution
A) Public opinion B) Police discretion C) Presumption of innocence and proof beyond reasonable doubt D) Administrative efficiency
A) A police officer examines physical evidence B) Separation of powers and checks and balances C) A correctional officer supervises an inmate D) A court determines whether governmental action is consistent with the Constitution
A) Police supremacy B) Judicial absolutism C) Separation of powers and checks and balances D) Community sovereignty
A) Prosecution B) Correctional treatment C) Crime prevention D) Adjudication
A) The police perform all criminal justice functions. B) The police properly investigate a case, the prosecutor evaluates it, the court adjudicates it, corrections handles the offender, and the community supports prevention and reintegration. C) The community independently determines guilt and punishment. D) The actions of one pillar may affect the effectiveness of another pillar.
A) The actions of one pillar may affect the effectiveness of another pillar. B) The judiciary controls all investigative decisions. C) The community is responsible for preserving evidence. D) Each pillar operates completely independently.
A) Convicted offenders should automatically be released. B) Punishment should be the sole purpose of corrections. C) Corrections should determine whether the offender is guilty. D) Corrections should consider custody, accountability, rehabilitation, and eventual reintegration.
A) Institutional disloyalty B) Community control C) Judicial supremacy D) Integrity and adherence to the rule of law
A) Police officers determine guilt to expedite cases. B) Criminal justice agencies coordinate their functions while respecting due process, constitutional rights, and the rule of law. C) Courts disregard procedural requirements to increase conviction rates. D) Every person arrested is eventually convicted.
A) To maximize the number of convictions regardless of circumstances B) Criminal justice agencies coordinate their functions while respecting due process, constitutional rights, and the rule of law. C) Corrections should consider custody, accountability, rehabilitation, and eventual reintegration. D) To protect society and maintain peace and order while ensuring justice, lawful procedures, protection of rights, and appropriate treatment of offenders |