How to ferment vegetables
  • 1. What is the primary purpose of fermenting vegetables?
A) Removing all nutrients
B) Adding sugar
C) Cooking them quickly
D) Preservation and flavor enhancement
  • 2. Which microorganism is primarily responsible for vegetable fermentation?
A) Lactic acid bacteria
B) Yeast
C) Mold
D) Salmonella
  • 3. What is the ideal salt concentration for most vegetable ferments?
A) 10-15%
B) 50%
C) 0.1%
D) 2-5%
  • 4. What does salt do during vegetable fermentation?
A) Neutralizes acids
B) Inhibits harmful bacteria and draws out moisture
C) Adds sweetness
D) Encourages mold growth
  • 5. Why is it important to keep vegetables submerged in brine during fermentation?
A) To add color
B) To prevent mold growth
C) To stop the fermentation process
D) To make them sweeter
  • 6. What type of container is best for fermenting vegetables?
A) Copper
B) Cardboard
C) Aluminum
D) Glass or food-grade plastic
  • 7. What is the ideal temperature range for vegetable fermentation?
A) 32-40°F (0-4°C)
B) Below 0°F (-18°C)
C) 65-72°F (18-22°C)
D) 100-110°F (38-43°C)
  • 8. How long does it typically take to ferment vegetables?
A) 6 months
B) 1-4 weeks
C) 1 hour
D) 1 day
  • 9. What is the purpose of an airlock or fermentation weight?
A) To increase temperature
B) To add flavor
C) To measure pH levels
D) To allow gases to escape while preventing air from entering
  • 10. What is the hissing sound during fermentation caused by?
A) Salt dissolving
B) Bacteria fighting
C) Carbon dioxide production
D) Water boiling
  • 11. What does the term 'anaerobic' mean in the context of fermentation?
A) With heat
B) Without oxygen
C) With salt
D) With oxygen
  • 12. What is kahm yeast?
A) A dangerous mold
B) A type of salt
C) A harmless film that can form on the surface
D) A beneficial bacteria
  • 13. What is a common sign that vegetables are properly fermented?
A) Metallic smell
B) Sour and tangy taste
C) Slimy texture
D) Sweet taste
  • 14. What vegetable is commonly used to make sauerkraut?
A) Beets
B) Cabbage
C) Carrots
D) Cucumbers
  • 15. What vegetable is commonly used to make kimchi?
A) Kale
B) Napa cabbage
C) Lettuce
D) Spinach
  • 16. Why should you avoid using iodized salt for fermentation?
A) It makes the vegetables sweeter
B) It changes the color of the vegetables
C) It can inhibit bacterial growth
D) It's too expensive
  • 17. What does the term 'wild fermentation' refer to?
A) Fermentation with no salt
B) Fermentation at high temperatures
C) Fermentation using added starter cultures
D) Fermentation using naturally occurring microorganisms
  • 18. What is the role of whey in some vegetable fermentation recipes?
A) To prevent fermentation
B) To provide a starter culture of lactic acid bacteria
C) To change the color
D) To add sweetness
  • 19. Which of these is NOT a common spice used in vegetable fermentation?
A) Chili peppers
B) Garlic
C) Ginger
D) Vanilla
  • 20. What should you do if you see fuzzy mold growing on your ferment?
A) Add more salt
B) Continue fermenting
C) Just scrape off the mold
D) Discard the entire batch
  • 21. What is the term for the cloudy sediment at the bottom of a fermenting jar?
A) Kombucha
B) Lee
C) Scum
D) Kefir
  • 22. Which vitamin is fermentation known to increase in some vegetables?
A) Vitamin B12
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin A
D) Vitamin D
  • 23. What type of salt is best for vegetable fermentation?
A) Epsom salt
B) Table salt
C) Iodized salt
D) Sea salt or kosher salt
  • 24. What is a benefit of fermented vegetables for gut health?
A) They contain high amounts of saturated fat
B) They contain probiotics
C) They destroy gut bacteria
D) They contain high amounts of sugar
  • 25. What is the purpose of burping a fermenting jar?
A) To add oxygen
B) To release built-up carbon dioxide
C) To check the temperature
D) To add more salt
  • 26. How does fermentation affect the texture of vegetables?
A) They remain the same
B) They become harder
C) They become slimy
D) They become softer
  • 27. After fermentation, how should vegetables be stored?
A) In the freezer
B) In the refrigerator
C) In a sunny location
D) At room temperature
  • 28. What is the main acid produced during lactic acid fermentation?
A) Sulfuric acid
B) Citric acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Lactic acid
  • 29. What happens to the pH level during vegetable fermentation?
A) It stays the same
B) It decreases (becomes more acidic)
C) It increases (becomes more alkaline)
D) It becomes neutral
  • 30. What is a 'fermentation crock'?
A) A type of mold
B) A type of spice
C) A type of salt
D) A specialized jar designed for fermentation
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