(CLJ 1) INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILIPPINE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM (IPCJS) - Quiz
  • 1. The Criminal Justice System refers to the network of institutions that ____.
A) Encourage deviance
B) Prevent and control crime
C) Punish offenders only
D) Protect criminals
  • 2. The term “Criminal Justice System” emphasizes ____.
A) Police dominance
B) Interdependence of institutions
C) Political control
D) Judicial supremacy
  • 3. The ultimate goal of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Political stability
B) Economic development
C) Public safety and order
D) Legal education
  • 4. How many pillars make up the Philippine Criminal Justice System?
A) Six
B) Four
C) Three
D) Five
  • 5. The first pillar of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Corrections
B) Prosecution
C) Courts
D) Law enforcement
  • 6. The second pillar of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Corrections
B) Law enforcement
C) Community
D) Prosecution
  • 7. The third pillar of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Law enforcement
B) Courts or Judiciary
C) Community
D) Corrections
  • 8. The fourth pillar of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Law enforcement
B) Corrections
C) Prosecution
D) Judiciary
  • 9. The fifth pillar of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Judiciary
B) Law enforcement
C) Prosecution
D) Community
  • 10. The Criminal Justice System is a mechanism for ____.
A) Media management
B) Maintaining peace and order
C) Political control
D) Economic growth
  • 11. The Criminal Justice System starts functioning when ____.
A) A person is arrested
B) A crime is committed and reported
C) The prosecutor files a case
D) The judge issues a warrant
  • 12. Which is NOT a component of the Criminal Justice System?
A) Legislative branch
B) Law enforcement
C) Judiciary
D) Prosecution
  • 13. The police are under which pillar of the system?
A) Prosecution
B) Judiciary
C) Law enforcement
D) Community
  • 14. The fiscal or public prosecutor belongs to which pillar?
A) Judiciary
B) Corrections
C) Prosecution
D) Law enforcement
  • 15. Judges and courts are part of which pillar?
A) Prosecution
B) Law enforcement
C) Corrections
D) Judiciary
  • 16. Jails and prisons are under which pillar?
A) Law enforcement
B) Corrections
C) Judiciary
D) Prosecution
  • 17. The community pillar represents ____.
A) Political leaders
B) Social workers only
C) People’s participation in crime prevention
D) The police and military
  • 18. The system is called “interdependent” because ____.
A) Community acts alone
B) Police control the courts
C) Prosecutors are above judges
D) Each pillar affects the others
  • 19. The concept of justice means ____.
A) Supporting criminals
B) Punishing everyone
C) Giving each person his or her due
D) Protecting only the rich
  • 20. A criminal case proceeds from one pillar to another in a ____.
A) Political decision
B) Economic plan
C) Random order
D) Sequential process
  • 21. The main responsibility of law enforcement is to ____.
A) Prosecute offenders
B) Reform inmates
C) Prevent and control crime
D) Judge cases
  • 22. The first contact of a crime suspect with the system is through the ____.
A) Prosecutor
B) Judge
C) Police
D) Jail officer
  • 23. The Philippine National Police was created under ____.
A) Republic Act 6975
B) RA 8551
C) . RA 4864
D) RA 7438
  • 24. The PNP is under which government department?
A) Department of Defense
B) Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG)
C) Office of the President
D) Department of Justice
  • 25. The PNP was reorganized under ____.
A) RA 9165
B) RA 8551 (PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998)
C) RA 7438
D) RA 6975
  • 26. The chief of the PNP holds the rank of ____.
A) Police Colonel
B) Chief Superintendent
C) Police General
D) Police Director
  • 27. The power of arrest without warrant is allowed when ____.
A) The prosecutor requests it
B) The judge orders it
C) The crime is committed in the officer’s presence
D) The suspect is at home
  • 28. The Miranda Doctrine protects the suspect’s right to ____.
A) Leave the country
B) Confess freely
C) Escape arrest
D) Remain silent and have counsel
  • 29. The law that defines the rights of persons arrested or under custodial investigation is ____.
A) RA 6975
B) RA 8551
C) RA 7438
D) RA 9745
  • 30. The term “law enforcement” means ____.
A) Application of the law by authorized officers
B) Correctional management
C) Court interpretation
D) Creation of laws
  • 31. The Integrated National Police and the Philippine Constabulary were merged into the PNP in ____.
A) 1987
B) 2000
C) 1995
D) 1991
  • 32. The PNP is civilian in character as provided in the ____.
A) 1935 Constitution
B) 1973 Constitution
C) Bill of Rights
D) 1987 Constitution
  • 33. The law that governs anti-illegal drugs operations is ____.
A) RA 3815
B) RA 8353
C) RA 9165
D) RA 6975
  • 34. The National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM) exercises ____.
A) Legislative power
B) Operational command
C) Administrative control and supervision over the PNP
D) Judicial power
  • 35. The community can assist police in crime prevention through ____.
A) Barangay tanods and volunteer groups
B) Private armies
C) Vigilante groups
D) Secret societies
  • 36. The crime prevention program involving cooperation of citizens is called ____.
A) Criminal profiling
B) Martial law
C) Community-oriented policing
D) Police militarization
  • 37. The PNP motto is ____.
A) “Peace and Prosperity
B) “To Serve and Protect
C) “Law and Order”
D) “Honor and Duty”
  • 38. Police visibility aims to ____.
A) Train prosecutors
B) Improve politics
C) Increase fines
D) Deter the commission of crime
  • 39. A police blotter is used to record ____.
A) Prosecution records
B) Crimes and incidents reported
C) Prison escapes
D) Court decisions
  • 40. The PNP Internal Affairs Service (IAS) ensures ____.
A) Rewards
B) Integrity and discipline within the police force
C) Promotions
D) Amnesty
  • 41. The primary function of the prosecution pillar is to ____.
A) Rehabilitate inmates
B) Determine probable cause and file cases in court
C) Judge offenders
D) Arrest suspects
  • 42. Prosecutors are under which government department?
A) DILG
B) Supreme Court
C) Department of Justice (DOJ)
D) CHR
  • 43. The DOJ is headed by the ____.
A) Ombudsman
B) Solicitor General
C) Chief Justice
D) Secretary of Justice
  • 44. Preliminary investigation is conducted to ____.
A) File civil suits
B) Determine probable cause
C) Execute arrest
D) Sentence offenders
  • 45. The National Prosecution Service is under the ____.
A) DILG
B) Supreme Court
C) Department of Justice
D) Senate
  • 46. The Ombudsman investigates ____.
A) Police trainees
B) Public officials accused of crimes
C) Military officers
D) Private citizens
  • 47. The fiscal is another term for ____.
A) Police officer
B) Defense attorney
C) Judge
D) Public prosecutor
  • 48. Probable cause means ____.
A) Political motive
B) Complete proof of guilt
C) Reasonable grounds to believe a crime was committed
D) Hearsay evidence
  • 49. The resolution after a preliminary investigation is submitted to the ____.
A) Court
B) Police
C) Prison
D) Community
  • 50. The prosecution represents the ____.
A) Private sector
B) Accused
C) Complainant only
D) State or People of the Philippines
  • 51. The main function of the Judiciary is to ____.
A) Make laws
B) Enforce the law
C) Punish police officers
D) Interpret the law and render justice
  • 52. The highest court in the Philippines is the ____.
A) Court of Appeals
B) Sandiganbayan
C) Supreme Court
D) Regional Trial Court
  • 53. The Supreme Court is composed of ____.
A) Ten Justices
B) Fifteen Associate Justices
C) One Chief Justice and Fourteen Associate Justices
D) One Chief Justice and Ten Associate Justices
  • 54. The power of judicial review means the court can ____.
A) Amend the Constitution
B) Declare a law unconstitutional
C) Make new laws
D) Execute laws
  • 55. The Constitution that established the present judiciary structure is the ____.
A) 1946 Constitution
B) 1973 Constitution
C) 1987 Constitution
D) 1935 Constitution
  • 56. The special court for government corruption cases is the ____.
A) Ombudsman
B) Court of Appeals
C) Sandiganbayan
D) Civil Service Commission
  • 57. The People of the Philippines is always the ____.
A) Defendant
B) Complainant or plaintiff in criminal cases
C) Accused
D) Respondent
  • 58. The regular trial courts in the Philippines include the ____.
A) Sandiganbayan
B) Regional Trial Courts (RTCs)
C) Court of Tax Appeals
D) Barangay Courts
  • 59. The lowest courts in the judicial hierarchy are the ____.
A) Regional Trial Courts
B) Court of Appeals
C) Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs)
D) Supreme Court
  • 60. The Court of Appeals primarily handles ____.
A) Barangay disputes
B) Administrative cases only
C) Appeals from lower courts
D) Police cases
  • 61. The Family Courts handle cases involving ____.
A) Juveniles and family-related offenses
B) Tax disputes
C) Traffic violations
D) Labor cases
  • 62. The constitutional right to a fair trial means ____.
A) Political influence
B) Closed-door session
C) Impartial hearing with due process
D) Fast conviction
  • 63. A person cannot be convicted without ____.
A) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
B) Police testimony alone
C) A confession
D) Media coverage
  • 64. The presumption of innocence remains until ____.
A) Charged by the prosecutor
B) Arrested by police
C) Proven guilty in court
D) Interrogated
  • 65. The Judiciary is independent to ensure ____.
A) Law enforcement power
B) Fair and impartial justice
C) Government funding
D) Political loyalty
  • 66. Judicial power includes ____.
A) Controlling the police
B) Settling controversies involving rights
C) Making new laws
D) Appointing prosecutors
  • 67. The doctrine that a case once decided cannot be reopened is called ____.
A) Locus standi
B) Res judicata
C) Stare decisis
D) Habeas corpus
  • 68. The Latin phrase “stare decisis” means ____.
A) To retry an accused
B) To dismiss a case
C) To delay decision
D) To stand by decided cases
  • 69. A person deprived of liberty may file a petition for ____.
A) Writ of Amparo
B) Writ of Execution
C) Writ of Habeas Corpus
D) Writ of Attachment
  • 70. The Writ of Amparo protects citizens against ____.
A) Threats to life, liberty, and security
B) Arrest for crime
C) Property seizure
D) Deportation
  • 71. The main purpose of the Corrections Pillar is to ____.
A) Punish offenders cruelly
B) Eliminate criminals
C) Enforce the law
D) Rehabilitate offenders and prepare them for reintegration
  • 72. The Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) operates under the ____.
A) Supreme Court
B) NAPOLCOM
C) Department of Justice (DOJ)
D) DILG
  • 73. The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) is under the ____.
A) DOJ
B) CHR
C) Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG)
D) DSWD
  • 74. Prisons are managed by ____.
A) CHR
B) PNP
C) BJMP
D) Bureau of Corrections (BuCor)
  • 75. Jails are managed by ____.
A) DSWD
B) BuCor
C) Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)
D) AFP
  • 76. The primary correctional institution for national prisoners is the ____.
A) Iwahig Penal Colony
B) Correctional Institution for Women
C) Davao Penal Colony
D) New Bilibid Prison
  • 77. Prisoners serving less than 3 years are usually confined in ____.
A) Jails
B) Penal colonies
C) Prisons
D) Rehabilitation centers
  • 78. The concept of “reformation” means ____.
A) Isolating prisoners forever
B) Torturing offenders
C) Using fear to control inmates
D) Changing offender behavior to conform to law
  • 79. Parole is granted to prisoners who ____.
A) Are under trial
B) Are minors
C) Are politically connected
D) Show good behavior after serving part of the sentence
  • 80. Probation is an alternative to ____.
A) Bail
B) Imprisonment
C) Fine
D) Appeal
  • 81. The law creating the Probation System in the Philippines is ____.
A) Presidential Decree 968
B) RA 6975
C) RA 7438
D) RA 10575
  • 82. The Parole and Probation Administration (PPA) operates under the ____.
A) DILG
B) Supreme Court
C) Department of Justice (DOJ)
D) CSC
  • 83. The term “corrections” was first used to replace ____.
A) Penology
B) Criminalistics
C) Criminology
D) Police science
  • 84. Prisoner rehabilitation aims to ____.
A) Restore offender’s moral and social values
B) Promote fear
C) Encourage revenge
D) Increase punishment
  • 85. Community-based corrections include ____.
A) Imprisonment
B) Life sentence
C) Death penalty
D) Parole, Probation, and Pardon
  • 86. The community is considered the ____ pillar of the CJS.
A) Fifth
B) Fourth
C) Third
D) First
  • 87. The main role of the community is to ____.
A) Control courts
B) Support rehabilitation and crime prevention programs
C) Replace police
D) Punish offenders
  • 88. The Barangay Justice System is created under ____.
A) RA 7438
B) RA 8551
C) Katarungang Pambarangay Law (RA 7160)
D) RA 6975
  • 89. The head of the Barangay Justice System is the ____.
A) Chief Tanod
B) Barangay Kagawad
C) Barangay Captain (Punong Barangay)
D) Barangay Secretary
  • 90. The primary purpose of the Barangay Justice System is ____.
A) Political control
B) Imprisonment
C) Amicable settlement of disputes
D) Fine collection
  • 91. The community pillar emphasizes ____.
A) Political power
B) Police operations
C) Citizen participation in crime prevention
D) Judicial independence
  • 92. The Human Rights Commission (CHR) was established under ____.
A) RA 6975
B) RA 7438
C) 1987 Constitution, Article XIII
D) 1973 Constitution
  • 93. The term “Restorative Justice” focuses on ____.
A) Ignoring the victim
B) Punishing the criminal harshly
C) Isolating offenders
D) Repairing harm between offender, victim, and community
  • 94. The Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act is ____.
A) RA 8551
B) Republic Act 9344
C) RA 9165
D) RA 7438
  • 95. The age of criminal responsibility under RA 9344 is ____.
A) 18 years old
B) 16 years old
C) 12 years old
D) 15 years old and below
  • 96. Children in conflict with the law (CICL) are handled by ____.
A) Police stations only
B) DSWD and Bahay Pag-asa Centers
C) BJMP
D) BuCor
  • 97. Community-based programs aim to ____.
A) Punish juveniles
B) Reintegrate offenders into society
C) Detain more prisoners
D) Militarize barangays
  • 98. The success of the Criminal Justice System depends on ____.
A) Punishment severity
B) Cooperation among all five pillars
C) Police power alone
D) Court decisions only
  • 99. Crime prevention becomes effective when ____.
A) Police act secretly
B) Government acts alone
C) Punishment is harsh
D) Citizens actively participate with law enforcers
  • 100. The Criminal Justice System functions best when ____.
A) Laws favor the powerful
B) Offenders are tortured
C) Justice is fair, swift, and humane
D) Citizens fear the police
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