SOCPRO REVIEWER PRELIM: ETHICALLY QUESTIONABLE EDITION
  • 1. MADAMI BA?
A) Sure ka sa mga question na toh?
B) Wla na...finish na...
C) I NEED MORE QUESTION!
D) SHIIIIIITTT!!!
E) Grabi ka naman boss....
  • 2. What does the 'P' in the PLUS ethical decision-making model stand for?
A) Performance
B) Principles
C) Procedures
D) Policies
E) People
  • 3. According to the PLUS model, which aspect considers whether an action complies with company policies and professional codes?
A) Standards
B) Universal
C) Self
D) Policies
E) Legal
  • 4. In the PLUS framework, the 'L' component evaluates whether an action is:
A) Legitimate
B) Logical
C) Lucrative
D) Limited
E) Lawful
  • 5. Which PLUS component asks 'Would this action be acceptable if everyone did it?'
A) Societal
B) Policies
C) Universal
D) Self
E) Legal
  • 6. The 'U' in PLUS refers to universal principles such as:
A) Utility and functionality
B) Usability and accessibility
C) Honesty, fairness, and respect for users
D) Understanding and communication
E) User experience and interface design
  • 7. According to the PLUS model, the 'S' component involves:
A) Personal integrity and accountability
B) System requirements
C) Security protocols
D) Software standards
E) Stakeholder interests
  • 8. When applying PLUS to software development, which component would be violated by releasing software with known security vulnerabilities despite company policy?
A) Policies
B) Self
C) Technical
D) Legal
E) Universal
  • 9. In the PLUS model, a developer who refuses to work overtime to meet an unrealistic deadline is primarily considering which component?
A) Legal
B) Universal
C) Policies
D) Professional
E) Self
  • 10. Which PLUS component would be most concerned with data privacy laws like GDPR?
A) Legal
B) Self
C) Technical
D) Policies
E) Universal
  • 11. Stakeholder analysis in software development primarily examines:
A) Project management methodologies
B) Budget constraints and timelines
C) Technical specifications and requirements
D) Who is affected by decisions and how
E) Code quality and testing procedures
  • 12. Which of the following is typically NOT considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) End users
B) Society at large
C) Competitors
D) Clients/customers
E) Developers and testers
  • 13. In stakeholder analysis, focusing on impact rather than intent means:
A) Prioritizing technical specifications over user needs
B) Maximizing profit for shareholders
C) Meeting project deadlines regardless of outcomes
D) Considering actual consequences of actions
E) Following organizational procedures strictly
  • 14. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder group experiences the most direct negative impact?
A) Investors
B) Users
C) Marketing team
D) Company management
E) Developers
  • 15. A key principle of stakeholder analysis is to:
A) Prioritize management interests above all
B) Consider only technical stakeholders
C) Identify all affected parties and assess benefits/risks
D) Ignore long-term societal impacts
E) Focus only on paying customers
  • 16. In software development, stakeholder analysis helps determine:
A) Optimal technical solutions
B) Minimum viable product requirements
C) Fairness and responsibility in decision-making
D) Fastest development timeline
E) Most profitable features
  • 17. Utilitarianism in ethics focuses primarily on:
A) Rules and duties
B) Social norms and customs
C) Outcomes and consequences
D) Character and virtues
E) Intentions and motivations
  • 18. Which ethical theory would justify releasing software with minor bugs if it benefits the majority of users?
A) Deontology
B) Utilitarianism
C) Social Contract Theory
D) Care Ethics
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 19. The trolley problem is a classic example used to illustrate which ethical theory?
A) Deontology
B) Relativism
C) Utilitarianism
D) Virtue Ethics
E) Egoism
  • 20. Deontological ethics, founded by Immanuel Kant, emphasizes:
A) Considering cultural differences
B) Developing virtuous character traits
C) Maximizing overall happiness
D) Following moral rules regardless of consequences
E) Prioritizing personal relationships
  • 21. According to deontological ethics, lying to protect a friend from harm is:
A) Always right if it saves a life
B) Justified only in emergency situations
C) Always wrong regardless of outcome
D) Acceptable only if no one finds out
E) Morally complex and context-dependent
  • 22. Virtue ethics, developed by Aristotle, focuses on:
A) Universal moral rules and duties
B) Consequences and outcomes
C) The character and moral virtues of the individual
D) Social contracts and agreements
E) Cultural norms and traditions
  • 23. In virtue ethics, courage is described as the mean between:
A) Cowardice and recklessness
B) Ignorance and wisdom
C) Greedy and generous
D) Honest and deceptive
E) Lazy and overworked
  • 24. Which ethical theory would be most concerned with a software developer's personal integrity and professional reputation?
A) Care Ethics
B) Deontology
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Social Contract Theory
E) Utilitarianism
  • 25. A software developer who chooses to help a struggling colleague despite being late for a deadline is demonstrating:
A) Care ethics priority
B) Deontological duty
C) Virtue ethics in action
D) Utilitarian calculation
E) Professional negligence
  • 26. A professional code of conduct is designed to:
A) Define technical standards
B) Establish project timelines
C) Maximize company profits
D) Set out acceptable behavior for members of a profession
E) Create competitive advantages
  • 27. Which of the following is a key component of professional codes of conduct?
A) Project management skills
B) Technical proficiency
C) Financial acumen
D) Marketing abilities
E) Integrity and honesty
  • 28. Professional codes of conduct help establish:
A) Faster development cycles
B) Lower production costs
C) Better marketing strategies
D) Trust with clients, colleagues, and the public
E) Technical superiority over competitors
  • 29. Following professional codes of ethics can produce benefits for:
A) Only the individual professional
B) Just the employing organization
C) Individuals, profession, and society as a whole
D) Primarily for regulatory compliance
E) Exclusively for clients and customers
  • 30. Adherence to professional codes reminds professionals of responsibilities they may be tempted to compromise due to:
A) Resource availability
B) Time restrictions
C) Technical limitations
D) Day-to-day business pressures
E) Budget constraints
  • 31. Professional codes of ethics provide an evaluation benchmark that professionals can use for:
A) Technical skill development
B) Self-assessment of ethical behavior
C) Performance reviews
D) Project planning
E) Salary negotiations
  • 32. According to ACM ethics, software developers have a primary responsibility to:
A) Avoid harm to users and society
B) Write efficient code
C) Meet project deadlines
D) Maximize company profits
E) Minimize development costs
  • 33. Which ACM principle specifically requires software developers to conduct thorough system evaluation?
A) ACM 1.2 – Avoid harm
B) ACM 1.1 – Contribute to society
C) ACM 2.6 – Honor confidentiality
D) ACM 3.1 – Ensure professional competence
E) ACM 2.5 – Thorough system evaluation
  • 34. Network administrators following ACM ethics must respect:
A) Network performance metrics
B) Hardware specifications
C) Bandwidth utilization
D) Privacy and maintain authorized access only
E) System uptime statistics
  • 35. Data analysts have an ethical obligation to ensure:
A) Fastest processing speeds
B) Lowest storage costs
C) Data accuracy and avoid biased interpretations
D) Maximum data collection volume
E) Quick report generation
  • 36. Computer scientists conducting research must maintain:
A) Highest grant funding
B) Fastest experimental results
C) Research integrity and avoid falsification
D) Most citations
E) Maximum publication quantity
  • 37. Systems architects must anticipate:
A) Fastest deployment times
B) Failure modes and embed security by design
C) Minimal documentation requirements
D) Maximum system performance
E) Lowest development costs
  • 38. Database specialists have an ethical duty to:
A) Reduce backup frequency
B) Minimize storage costs
C) Protect sensitive information and enforce access control
D) Ensure fastest query times
E) Maximize database performance
  • 39. Which IEEE code emphasizes public safety and welfare as paramount?
A) IEEE #3 – Honest claims
B) IEEE #4 – Professional development
C) IEEE #5 – Environmental responsibility
D) IEEE #2 – Technical competence
E) IEEE #1 – Public safety and welfare
  • 40. IT professionals who abuse privileged access to user data violate which ethical principle?
A) System performance
B) Technical efficiency
C) Respect for privacy and authorized access
D) User convenience
E) Cost optimization
  • 41. When management demands release of software with known security vulnerabilities, ethical whistleblowing requires:
A) Immediately going to the media
B) Complying with management demands
C) Documenting risks clearly and reporting through proper channels
D) Ignoring the issue to protect job security
E) Quietly fixing the problem without documentation
  • 42. According to ethical guidelines, whistleblowing is justified when:
A) Career advancement is needed
B) Company reputation is at stake
C) Personal gain is possible
D) Media attention is desired
E) Public harm is likely and internal channels have failed
  • 43. A network administrator asked to disable logs to hide a data breach should:
A) Comply to maintain job security
B) Refuse participation and preserve evidence
C) Report anonymously only
D) Ignore the request completely
E) Delete logs as requested
  • 44. Conflict of interest occurs when a systems architect favors a proprietary platform due to:
A) Personal incentives rather than technical merit
B) Budget constraints
C) Technical specifications
D) Company policy requirements
E) User preferences
  • 45. What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes utilitarianism from other ethical theories?
A) It focuses on rules
B) It emphasizes character
C) It values traditions
D) It prioritizes duties
E) It is consequentialist
  • 46. Which philosopher is primarily associated with the development of utilitarianism?
A) Jeremy Bentham
B) John Rawls
C) Plato
D) Aristotle
E) Immanuel Kant
  • 47. The greatest happiness principle states that actions are morally right if they result in:
A) Developing virtuous character
B) Following universal rules
C) The most happiness for the most people
D) Respecting individual rights
E) Maximizing personal gain
  • 48. In utilitarianism, hedonism refers to the pursuit of:
A) Power and influence
B) Knowledge and wisdom
C) Pleasure and avoidance of pain
D) Fame and recognition
E) Wealth and status
  • 49. According to utilitarianism, everyone's happiness counts:
A) According to wealth
B) Based on age
C) Based on social status
D) According to gender
E) Equally
  • 50. The trolley problem is used to illustrate which ethical dilemma?
A) Justice vs. mercy
B) Character development
C) Following rules vs. compassion
D) Sacrificing one to save many
E) Duty vs. self-interest
  • 51. In the trolley problem, utilitarianism would recommend:
A) Leaving it to fate
B) Finding another solution
C) Consulting others first
D) Not pulling the lever to avoid responsibility
E) Pulling the lever to save more lives
  • 52. Which critique of utilitarianism states it can justify sacrificing innocents if it maximizes happiness?
A) It is culturally biased
B) It lacks clear guidelines
C) It ignores individual rights
D) It is too rule-based
E) It is too abstract
  • 53. A major challenge of utilitarianism is difficulty in:
A) Developing character
B) Predicting and measuring outcomes
C) Maintaining impartiality
D) Following clear rules
E) Respecting traditions
  • 54. Deontology is classified as a:
A) Situation-based theory
B) Character-based theory
C) Culture-based theory
D) Non-consequentialist theory
E) Consequentialist theory
  • 55. Immanuel Kant is the founder of:
A) Virtue Ethics
B) Deontology
C) Social Contract Theory
D) Utilitarianism
E) Relativism
  • 56. The categorical imperative requires acting according to maxims that can be:
A) Developed through practice
B) Approved by authorities
C) Universalized without contradiction
D) Accepted by society
E) Maximized for happiness
  • 57. In deontology, treating others as ends in themselves means:
A) Controlling their actions
B) Respecting their dignity and autonomy
C) Exploiting their weaknesses
D) Using them for personal benefit
E) Ignoring their needs
  • 58. According to deontology, moral actions are obligatory if they fulfill a:
A) Economic benefit
B) Moral duty
C) Personal desire
D) Cultural norm
E) Social expectation
  • 59. In the lying to protect scenario, deontology recognizes that:
A) Rules are flexible
B) Lying is always wrong
C) Protecting life may justify lying
D) Personal relationships override rules
E) Truth is always paramount
  • 60. Which critique of deontology highlights that rigid rules can lead to harmful outcomes?
A) It is too outcome-oriented
B) It lacks character focus
C) It is culturally limited
D) It can be inflexible
E) It ignores consequences
  • 61. Deontology may create conflicts when duties:
A) Contradict each other
B) Follow traditions
C) Maximize happiness
D) Serve society
E) Develop character
  • 62. Virtue ethics was primarily developed by:
A) John Stuart Mill
B) Immanuel Kant
C) Plato
D) Aristotle
E) Jeremy Bentham
  • 63. Virtue ethics focuses on the:
A) Outcomes of actions
B) Social contracts
C) Character and virtues of the individual
D) Cultural traditions
E) Following moral rules
  • 64. The concept of virtue as the mean refers to:
A) Strict rule following
B) Personal gain
C) Balance between deficiency and excess
D) Social approval
E) Maximum happiness
  • 65. Eudaimonia in virtue ethics refers to:
A) Following rules
B) Maximizing pleasure
C) Flourishing or human happiness
D) Gaining power
E) Avoiding pain
  • 66. In virtue ethics, morality comes from:
A) Maximizing outcomes
B) Respecting duties
C) Obeying authorities
D) Developing good character over time
E) Following universal rules
  • 67. The virtue of courage is the mean between:
A) Cowardice and recklessness
B) Greed and generosity
C) Dishonesty and deception
D) Laziness and overwork
E) Ignorance and wisdom
  • 68. In the grocery helping scenario, virtue ethics emphasizes:
A) Respecting rules
B) Maximizing happiness
C) Personal convenience
D) Following duty
E) Compassion as a character trait
  • 69. Which critique of virtue ethics notes that it provides few clear guidelines for specific actions?
A) Culturally biased
B) Lack of clear guidelines
C) Ignores consequences
D) Too rule-focused
E) Abstract principles
  • 70. Virtue ethics differs from other theories by being more focused on:
A) Culture than principles
B) The person than the action
C) Outcomes than intentions
D) Rules than character
E) Society than individuals
  • 71. Utilitarianism focuses on consequences, while deontology focuses on:
A) Personal happiness
B) Social approval
C) Rules and duties
D) Cultural norms
E) Character development
  • 72. Deontology emphasizes duty regardless of consequences, while utilitarianism emphasizes:
A) Character traits
B) Cultural values
C) Social status
D) Outcomes and happiness
E) Personal relationships
  • 73. Virtue ethics differs from both utilitarianism and deontology by focusing on:
A) Duty fulfillment
B) Rule following
C) Cultural adaptation
D) Outcome maximization
E) Character development
  • 74. In software development, a utilitarian approach would prioritize:
A) Personal professional growth
B) Following coding standards
C) Company profit maximization
D) Technical excellence
E) User benefits and societal impact
  • 75. A deontological software developer would be most concerned with:
A) Maximizing user satisfaction
B) Developing personal virtues
C) Meeting deadlines
D) Following ethical rules and duties
E) Achieving technical perfection
  • 76. Virtue ethics in software development would emphasize:
A) Developing professional character
B) Career advancement
C) Outcome optimization
D) Technical skill mastery
E) Strict rule adherence
  • 77. When facing a deadline vs. quality dilemma, utilitarianism would ask:
A) What follows company policy?
B) What maximizes profit?
C) What are the professional duties?
D) Which choice benefits more users?
E) What reflects good character?
  • 78. In the same dilemma, deontology would prioritize:
A) User happiness
B) Professional duties and rules
C) Technical standards
D) Personal integrity
E) Financial outcomes
  • 79. Virtue ethics in this dilemma would focus on:
A) Demonstrating professional integrity
B) Following established rules
C) Achieving technical goals
D) Meeting organizational goals
E) Maximizing positive outcomes
  • 80. A balanced ethical approach might combine all three theories to:
A) Ignore character development
B) Focus only on outcomes
C) Address different aspects of moral decision-making
D) Avoid complex analysis
E) Simplify decision-making
  • 81. Ethical theories provide frameworks for:
A) Achieving personal goals
B) Understanding moral decisions
C) Following technical procedures
D) Gaining social status
E) Maximizing profits
  • 82. The study of ethical theories helps professionals:
A) Gain management approval
B) Navigate complex moral issues
C) Improve technical skills
D) Increase salary potential
E) Reduce workload
  • 83. Professional negligence in software development includes:
A) Working overtime to meet deadlines
B) Documenting code thoroughly
C) Participating in code reviews
D) Skipping tests knowingly and ignoring security vulnerabilities
E) Following standard procedures
  • 84. Data analysts who manipulate findings to please management are engaging in:
A) Professional collaboration
B) Efficient data analysis
C) Appropriate stakeholder management
D) Unethical professional conduct
E) Technical optimization
  • 85. What distinguishes ethical considerations from legal requirements in software development?
A) Ethics are modern, law is traditional
B) Ethics are optional, law is mandatory
C) Ethics address moral responsibility, law addresses compliance
D) Ethics are technical, law is social
E) Ethics are personal, law is organizational
  • 86. According to the framework, a system can be:
A) Ethical but legally problematic
B) Ethical and legal but technically poor
C) Technical but ethically neutral
D) Legal but technically flawed
E) Legal and technically correct but ethically questionable
  • 87. Which example demonstrates a system that is legal and technical but ethically questionable?
A) Standard security protocols
B) Excessive data collection
C) Fast performance
D) Proper error handling
E) User-friendly interface
  • 88. Ethical decision frameworks help avoid decisions based on:
A) Resource availability
B) Personal bias, authority pressure, and convenience
C) Technical requirements
D) Time limitations
E) Budget constraints
  • 89. The PLUS model helps encourage:
A) Faster development
B) Consistent and defensible decisions
C) Technical innovation
D) Higher profits
E) Better documentation
  • 90. Which of the following is NOT typically considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Society at large
B) End users
C) Competitors
D) Developers and testers
E) Employers/management
  • 91. In stakeholder analysis, determining power and vulnerability helps:
A) Calculate project costs
B) Assess timeline feasibility
C) Understand influence and susceptibility
D) Evaluate budget requirements
E) Measure technical complexity
  • 92. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder experiences short-term profit?
A) Developers
B) Company
C) Society
D) Government regulators
E) Users
  • 93. Stakeholder analysis focuses on:
A) Intent rather than impact
B) Individual rather than group
C) Technical rather than social
D) Impact rather than intent
E) Short-term rather than long-term
  • 94. A moral dilemma in software development occurs when:
A) Budget constraints exist
B) Time pressure increases
C) Management demands change
D) Technical problems arise
E) Two or more ethical principles conflict
  • 95. Which factor commonly causes moral dilemmas in software development?
A) Resource abundance
B) Technical expertise
C) Proper planning
D) Clear requirements
E) Time pressure
  • 96. When considering whether to release software with known bugs, what should be evaluated first?
A) Severity of the bug
B) Management preferences
C) Development timeline
D) Technical complexity
E) Company profits
  • 97. Critical bugs affecting safety or security:
A) Can be fixed post-release
B) Should be documented only
C) May be acceptable with warnings
D) Can be released with patches
E) Must not be ignored
  • 98. Which shortcut in software development creates technical debt?
A) Code reviews
B) Proper documentation
C) Version control
D) Skipping testing
E) Following standards
  • 99. Ignoring documentation in software development leads to:
A) Better performance
B) Easier maintenance
C) System instability
D) Faster development
E) Improved security
  • 100. Copying unlicensed code creates what type of risk?
A) Easier maintenance
B) Technical improvements
C) Better functionality
D) Faster deployment
E) Legal violations
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