- 1. What types of cuisine can be found on Christmas Island?
A) Primarily European cuisine
B) An eclectic combination of traditional Australian cuisine and Asian cuisine
C) Exclusively Asian cuisine
D) Only traditional Australian cuisine
- 2. Which organization promotes the interests of female Christmas Islanders?
A) The Christmas Island Sports Club
B) The Christmas Island Women's Association
C) The Associated Country Women of the World
D) The Christmas Island National Park Authority
- 3. Which cave is not among the most well-known on Christmas Island?
A) Lost Lake Cave
B) Thundercliff Cave
C) Full Frontal Cave
D) Daniel Roux Cave
- 4. What natural feature is part of the Dales rainforest area?
A) Thundercliff Cave
B) The Christmas Island National Park
C) Hugh's Dale waterfall
D) Hosnies Spring Ramsar
- 5. What percentage of Christmas Island is covered by the Christmas Island National Park?
A) 80%
B) 50%
C) 75%
D) 63%
- 6. When was the Christmas Island Cricket Club founded?
A) 1978
B) 1983
C) 1959
D) 1965
- 7. Which sport is growing in popularity on Christmas Island, with its first game played in 2016?
A) Soccer
B) Cricket
C) Rugby league
D) Aussie rules
- 8. Which Australian external territory does not participate in the Commonwealth Games or Pacific Games?
A) Cocos Islands
B) Christmas Island
C) Norfolk Island
D) Fiji
- 9. What is a popular marine activity on Christmas Island?
A) Sailing
B) Kayaking
C) Surfing
D) Scuba diving and snorkelling
- 10. Which notable dive site was a phosphate ship torpedoed by the Japanese in 1942?
A) Thundercliff Cave
B) Flying Fish Cove
C) Perpendicular Wall
D) The Eidsvold wreck
- 11. What is a popular event on Christmas Island involving wildlife?
A) Dolphin show
B) Penguin parade
C) The annual breeding migration of the Christmas Island red crabs
D) Kangaroo races
- 12. Which organization manages the Christmas Island National Park?
A) The Christmas Island Sports Club
B) The Australian Department of Environment and Heritage through Parks Australia
C) The Christmas Island Women's Association
D) The Associated Country Women of the World
- 13. What is a popular activity due to the island's biological diversity?
A) Mountain climbing
B) Hiking in deserts
C) Nature-walking
D) Skiing
- 14. Which sport had games played between the visiting Royal Australian Navy and locals from 1995 to 2014?
A) Cricket
B) Aussie rules
C) Soccer
D) Rugby league
- 15. What is the name of the Christmas Island cricket club as it stands today?
A) Aussie Rules Club
B) Christmas Island Women's Association
C) Rugby League Club
D) Christmas Island Cricket and Sporting Club
- 16. Which type of caves are not found on Christmas Island?
A) Coastal caves
B) Fissure caves
C) Glacier caves
D) Plateau caves
- 17. What is the name of a freshwater spring with a mangrove stand on Christmas Island?
A) Full Frontal Cave
B) Hosnies Spring Ramsar
C) Lost Lake Cave
D) Hugh's Dale
- 18. Which notable dive site is located at the northern coastline of Christmas Island?
A) Chicken Farm
B) Thundercliff Cave
C) West White Beach
D) Flying Fish Cove
- 19. Who runs the administration system of Christmas Island?
A) An independent council
B) The government of Western Australia
C) Local elected officials
D) Bureaucrats in the federal government
- 20. Who enforces the laws on Christmas Island?
A) Local island police force
B) Western Australian police
C) Private security firms
D) Federal police
- 21. Who among the residents supports self-governance for Christmas Island?
A) All residents unanimously
B) Current shire president
C) Ex-shire President Gordon Thompson
D) Federal government officials
- 22. When was the design competition for an island flag held?
A) 1993
B) 1987
C) Early 1986
D) 2002
- 23. When was phosphate mining on Christmas Island first closed?
A) 2001
B) 1993
C) 2010
D) December 1987
- 24. Which company reopened the phosphate mine in 1991?
A) Federal Mining Corporation
B) Phosphate Resources Limited
C) Australian Phosphate Ltd.
D) Christmas Island Mining Co.
- 25. When was the Christmas Island Casino and Resort closed?
A) 2001
B) 1998
C) 2015
D) 2007
- 26. What was built by the Howard government in 2001 on Christmas Island?
A) A permanent spaceport
B) An expanded phosphate mine
C) A temporary immigration detention centre
D) A new resort
- 27. What happened to the Howard government's plan for a larger facility at North West Point?
A) It became the largest detention center in Australia
B) It was replaced by a new resort
C) It was completed successfully
D) It was not completed after Howard's defeat in 2007 elections
- 28. When does the peak period for tourism occur due to red crab migration?
A) January–March
B) October–December
C) April–June
D) July–September
- 29. What percentage of Christmas Island residents want to see more tourists?
A) 90%
B) 77%
C) 60%
D) 50%
- 30. According to the study, what percentage of residents believe tourism is crucial for economic future?
A) 84%
B) 55%
C) 70%
D) 95%
- 31. How many seats does the Shire of Christmas Island have?
A) Seven
B) Nine
C) Eleven
D) Fifteen
- 32. Who was elected as President of the Shire Council in October 2025?
A) Tracey Krepp
B) Steven Pereira
C) Lillian Oh
D) Swee 'Mel' Tung
- 33. Which political party lost its overall majority in the Shire Elections of 2025?
A) Liberal Party
B) Unity Party
C) Labor Party
D) Green Party
- 34. Which class of patrol boats were being replaced by Arafura-class vessels as of 2023?
A) Fremantle-class
B) Armidale-class
C) Anzac-class
D) Cape-class
- 35. What led to the hoisting of the white flag on Christmas Island in March 1942?
A) Shelling from a Japanese naval group
B) A successful counterattack by British forces
C) An airstrike by Allied planes
D) The arrival of reinforcements
- 36. How many men from the Japanese 21st and 24th Special Base Forces occupied Christmas Island?
A) 200 men
B) About 850 men
C) 1000 men
D) 500 men
- 37. What happened to the majority of Christmas Island's population in November 1943?
A) Over 60% were evacuated to Surabaya prison camps
B) They were relocated within Australia
C) They remained on the island under Japanese control
D) They were sent to Japan
- 38. Who was appointed as the first official representative of Christmas Island under Australian administration?
A) Paul Hasluck
B) D.E. Nickels
C) Queen Elizabeth II
D) John William Stokes
- 39. What was a notable feature of the village of Silver City built in the 1970s?
A) Glass skyscrapers
B) Concrete bunkers for military use
C) Aluminium-clad houses that were supposed to be cyclone-proof
D) Traditional wooden homes
- 40. What was the impact of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami on Christmas Island?
A) Complete evacuation of the island
B) No reported casualties, but some swimmers were swept out to sea
C) A significant number of fatalities
D) Massive destruction of infrastructure
- 41. Who made the first attempt at exploring Christmas Island?
A) John Murray
B) Charles W. Andrews
C) Captain Sidney Grenfell
D) Pelham Aldrich
- 42. In what year did Captain Sidney Grenfell's expedition take place?
A) 1899
B) 1876
C) 1857
D) 1888
- 43. Which ship was used by Captain Sidney Grenfell during his exploration attempt?
A) HMS Flying Fish
B) HMS Amethyst
C) HMS Egeria
D) Phosphate Mining and Shipping Company
- 44. Who conducted extensive surveys of Christmas Island during the Challenger expedition?
A) Charles W. Andrews
B) John Murray
C) Pelham Aldrich
D) Captain John Maclear
- 45. Who accompanied Pelham Aldrich on his visit to Christmas Island?
A) Captain Sidney Grenfell
B) John Murray
C) J. J. Lister
D) Charles W. Andrews
- 46. When did the British Crown annex Christmas Island?
A) 1857
B) 1922
C) 6 June 1888
D) 1899
- 47. Who established a small settlement in Flying Fish Cove?
A) G. Clunies-Ross
B) Charles W. Andrews
C) John Murray
D) Pelham Aldrich
- 48. In which year did Charles W. Andrews visit Christmas Island?
A) 1922
B) 1886
C) 1897
D) 1910
- 49. When did phosphate mining begin on Christmas Island?
A) 1922
B) 1888
C) 1899
D) 1857
- 50. Who supervised the phosphate mining operations on behalf of the Phosphate Mining and Shipping Company?
A) Captain Sidney Grenfell
B) Pelham Aldrich
C) John Davis Murray
D) Charles W. Andrews
- 51. Who was the first European to sight Christmas Island?
A) Richard Rowe
B) Captain William Mynors
C) Pieter Goos
D) William Dampier
- 52. Which country annexed Christmas Island in 1888 due to phosphate deposits?
A) Netherlands
B) Britain
C) Japan
D) Australia
- 53. Which ethnic group forms a significant part of the current population on Christmas Island?
A) European Australians
B) Malays
C) Straits Chinese
D) Straits Indians
- 54. What is the predominant religion in Poon Saan, a settlement on Christmas Island?
A) Catholicism
B) Hinduism
C) Sunni Islam
D) Buddhism
- 55. What was the name given to Christmas Island by Dutch cartographer Pieter Goos?
A) Mony or Moni
B) Royal Mary Island
C) Thomas Island
D) Cygnet Island
- 56. Which navigator landed on the west coast of Christmas Island in 1688?
A) William Dampier
B) Pieter Goos
C) Captain Daniel Beeckman
D) Richard Rowe
- 57. What was Captain Daniel Beeckman's ship when he passed Christmas Island in 1714?
A) Royal Mary
B) Cygnus
C) Cygnet
D) Eagle
- 58. What was the main reason for asylum seekers arriving on Christmas Island from Indonesia in the late 1980s?
A) Educational purposes
B) Tourism
C) Trade missions
D) Seeking refuge
- 59. Which ship was involved in the Tampa controversy on Christmas Island in 2001?
A) MV Pacifica
B) MV Atlantic
C) MV Oceanic
D) MV Tampa
- 60. What policy did the Howard government implement from 2001 to 2007 regarding asylum seekers on Christmas Island?
A) Northern Strategy
B) Pacific Solution
C) Southern Approach
D) Eastern Plan
- 61. How many beds did the immigration detention centre on Christmas Island contain?
A) 500
B) Approximately 800
C) 1200
D) 1000
- 62. How many asylum-seekers died in the Christmas Island boat disaster in December 2010?
A) 60
B) 48
C) 75
D) 30
- 63. As of 20 June 2013, how many 'irregular maritime arrivals' were held on Christmas Island?
A) 2960
B) 1500
C) 3500
D) 2000
- 64. What was the regular operating capacity of detention facilities on Christmas Island?
A) 2000 people
B) 1500 people
C) 1094 people
D) 1200 people
- 65. When did the Christmas Island Immigration Reception and Processing Centre close?
A) June 2020
B) March 2019
C) September 2018
D) December 2017
- 66. What is the total land area of Christmas Island?
A) 100 square kilometres
B) 200 square kilometres
C) 150 square kilometres
D) 135 square kilometres
- 67. How far is Christmas Island from Perth, Western Australia?
A) 2000 km northeast
B) 1500 km southeast
C) 2600 km northwest
D) 3000 km southwest
- 68. What type of rock is most prevalent on the surface of Christmas Island?
A) Basalt
B) Granite
C) Limestone
D) Sandstone
- 69. What type of terrain supports numerous anchialine caves on Christmas Island?
A) Desert terrain
B) Volcanic terrain
C) Karst terrain
D) Forest terrain
- 70. What activity are local people allowed to continue in the new marine parks?
A) Deep-sea fishing
B) Whaling
C) Commercial fishing
D) Sustainable inshore fishing for food
- 71. How are the reefs near Christmas Island described in comparison to another famous location?
A) "Australia's Galapagos Islands"
B) "Australia's Great Barrier Reef"
C) "Australia's Caribbean"
D) "Australia's Mediterranean"
- 72. What type of climate does Christmas Island have?
A) Mediterranean climate
B) Temperate oceanic climate
C) Desert climate
D) Tropical monsoon climate (Köppen Am)
- 73. What percentage of Christmas Island's population had Chinese ancestry according to the 2021 census?
A) 16.1%
B) 12.5%
C) 22.2%
D) 18.3%
- 74. What was the most common country of birth for Christmas Island residents other than Australia in 2021?
A) China
B) Indonesia
C) Malaysia
D) India
- 75. What percentage of Christmas Island's population spoke English as their family language according to the 2016 census?
A) 18.4%
B) 40.8%
C) 13.9%
D) 29.3%
- 76. What is the main language spoken at home by Christmas Island residents, according to respondents?
A) English (28%)
B) Cantonese (4%)
C) Malay (17%)
D) Mandarin (17%)
- 77. Which religion is most prevalent in The Settlement on Christmas Island?
A) Buddhism
B) Catholicism
C) Sunni Islam
D) Hinduism
- 78. Which religious group is most likely to be found in the Malay water village, Kampong?
A) Hinduism
B) Buddhism
C) Sunni Islam
D) Catholicism
- 79. How many tree species dominate the forests on Christmas Island?
A) 100
B) 25
C) 10
D) 50
- 80. What is the conservation status of the Pteropus natalis, a fruit bat species found only on Christmas Island?
A) Endangered
B) Least concern
C) Vulnerable
D) Critically endangered
- 81. Which plant is endemic to Christmas Island and belongs to the genus Arenga?
A) Dendrocnide peltata var. murrayana
B) Arenga listeri
C) Abutilon listeri
D) Pandanus elatus
- 82. How many endemic plant species are there on Christmas Island?
A) 18
B) 50
C) 25
D) 135
- 83. Which bird is identified as endangered and nests in tall emergent trees on the western, northern, and southern plateau rainforest?
A) Abbott's booby
B) Red-footed booby
C) Brown booby
D) Christmas frigatebird
- 84. How many species of crab have been described on Christmas Island?
A) Ten
B) Thirteen
C) Twenty
D) Thirty
- 85. Which plant genus includes the endemic Christmas Island orchid Brachypeza archytas?
A) Brachypeza
B) Arenga
C) Pandanus
D) Dendrobium
- 86. How many endemic bird species or subspecies are there on Christmas Island?
A) Eight
B) Five
C) Ten
D) Seven
- 87. Which introduced insect species has been targeted with aerial spraying of Fipronil on Christmas Island?
A) Yellow crazy ant
B) Red-footed booby bird
C) Christmas swallowtail butterfly
D) Pteropus natalis fruit bat
- 88. What is the name of the endemic Christmas Island grass species?
A) Dicliptera maclearii
B) Asplenium listeri
C) Ischaemum nativitatis
D) Peperomia rossii
- 89. Which bird species nests on the ground near the edge of the seacliff and inland cliffs?
A) Christmas frigatebird
B) Red-footed booby
C) Brown booby
D) Abbott's booby
- 90. How many endemic plant species are shrubs on Christmas Island?
A) Two
B) Four
C) Eight
D) Six
- 91. Which Australian radio station broadcasts to Christmas Island?
A) BBC World Service
B) Radio Nova
C) ABC Radio National
D) KISS FM
- 92. When did broadband internet become available in urban areas on Christmas Island?
A) Mid-2005
B) Early 2000
C) Late 2010
D) Early 2020
- 93. Which local ISP provided broadband internet to subscribers in urban areas on Christmas Island?
A) Vodafone
B) CIIA (formerly dotCX)
C) Optus
D) Telstra
- 94. When did Christmas Island Radio begin streaming online?
A) 2023
B) 2025
C) 2018
D) 2020
- 95. Which organization remains a major provider of telephone and internet services on Christmas Island?
A) CiFi
B) Telstra
C) Qantaslink
D) Google
- 96. What technology replaced the old analogue network in February 2005?
A) 4GX technology
B) Satellite-based internet
C) 900 MHz band GSM based 2G mobile telephone system
D) 3G mobile network
- 97. When was the high-capacity submarine cable connection implemented?
A) 2015
B) 2018
C) 2020
D) 2022
- 98. Which company launched operations in 2020 providing mobile phone and internet services on Christmas Island?
A) CiFi
B) Google
C) Qantaslink
D) Telstra
- 99. What type of newsletter is published by the Shire of Christmas Island?
A) Daily newsletter
B) Fortnightly newsletter
C) Weekly newsletter
D) Monthly newsletter
- 100. When did Australia Post become the island's postal operator?
A) 2010
B) 1987
C) 2005
D) 1993
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