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Cocos Island - 测试
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  • 1. What percentage of the insect species on Cocos Island are endemic?
A) 30%
B) 25%
C) 16%
D) 50%
  • 2. Which order of insects has the greatest diversity on Cocos Island?
A) Orthoptera
B) Diptera
C) Lepidoptera
D) Coleoptera
  • 3. How many species of lizards are found on Cocos Island?
A) Three
B) Two
C) Five
D) Four
  • 4. Which endemic lizard species can be found on Cocos Island?
A) Komodo dragon
B) Cocos Island anole (Anolis townsendi)
C) Galápagos marine iguana
D) Green sea turtle
  • 5. Which bird species is the only member of its genus on Cocos Island?
A) Cocos finch (Pinaroloxias inornata)
B) Red-footed booby (Sula sula)
C) Cocos booby (Sula brewsteri)
D) Great frigatebird (Fregata minor)
  • 6. How many bird species have been reported on Cocos Island?
A) 100
B) Nearly 90
C) 50
D) 70
  • 7. Which of the following is NOT an endemic land bird species on Cocos Island?
A) Cocos finch (Pinaroloxias inornata)
B) White tern (Gygis alba)
C) Cocos cuckoo (Coccyzus ferrugineus)
D) Cocos flycatcher (Nesotriccus ridgwayi)
  • 8. Which organization has designated Cocos Island as an Important Bird Area?
A) BirdLife International
B) International Union for Conservation of Nature
C) Greenpeace
D) World Wildlife Fund
  • 9. How many native land mammal species are there on Cocos Island?
A) Two
B) Three
C) One
D) None
  • 10. Which of the following mammals was NOT introduced by humans to Cocos Island?
A) Cats
B) Goats
C) Deer
D) Pigs
  • 11. How many species of coral are found around Cocos Island?
A) More than 30
B) 45
C) 60
D) 15
  • 12. Which large fish species is known to inhabit the waters surrounding Cocos Island?
A) Catfish
B) Clownfish
C) Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares)
D) Goldfish
  • 13. Which species of shark is known to inhabit the waters around Cocos Island?
A) Scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini)
B) Great white shark
C) Bull shark
D) Tiger shark
  • 14. Which of the following marine animals is NOT mentioned as inhabiting the waters around Cocos Island?
A) Humpback whales
B) Sea lions
C) Orcas
D) Dolphins (excluding bottlenose dolphins)
  • 15. Which of these turtle species is found around Cocos Island?
A) Loggerhead turtles
B) Green turtles (Chelonia mydas)
C) Kemp's ridley turtles
D) Leatherback turtles
  • 16. Which of the following events occurred in December 2017 around Cocos Island?
A) A female tiger shark killed a New Yorker while scuba diving.
B) The discovery of a new coral species.
C) An earthquake affecting the island's marine life.
D) The sighting of a blue whale.
  • 17. In what year was Cocos Island annexed by Costa Rica?
A) 1863
B) 1897
C) 1970
D) 1832
  • 18. What decree number did the Constitutional Assembly of Costa Rica use to annex Cocos Island?
A) 27
B) 10
C) 12
D) 54
  • 19. Until when did whalers regularly stop at Cocos Island?
A) late 18th century
B) early 20th century
C) early 19th century
D) mid-19th century
  • 20. What replaced whale oil for lighting, leading to a decline in whaling visits?
A) solar power
B) inexpensive kerosene
C) electricity
D) gasoline
  • 21. Which ship marooned 426 Tongan former slaves on Cocos Island in October 1863?
A) Cocos Explorer
B) Costa Rica
C) Tumbes
D) Adelante
  • 22. What disease did the Tongan former slaves contract, leading to their marooning?
A) smallpox
B) influenza
C) typhoid fever
D) cholera
  • 23. How many survivors were found when the Tumbes arrived to rescue the marooned Tongans?
A) 38
B) 426
C) 100
D) 200
  • 24. Who was named the first Governor of Cocos Island in 1897?
A) August Gissler
B) Juan Mora Fernández
C) John Smith
D) Carlos Alvarado
  • 25. What type of adventurer and treasure hunter was August Gissler?
A) British
B) German
C) French
D) Spanish
  • 26. On what date was Cocos Island incorporated administratively as the eleventh district of Puntarenas canton?
A) February 5, 2006
B) October 1863
C) 1897
D) May 12, 1970
  • 27. What executive decree number incorporated Cocos Island administratively?
A) 10
B) 27
C) 12
D) 54
  • 28. What is the postal code of Cocos Island as a district?
A) 30003
B) 60110
C) 10001
D) 20002
  • 29. How many residents live on Cocos Island, and what is their occupation?
A) 100 tourists
B) 50 fishermen
C) 33 Costa Rican park rangers
D) 75 scientists
  • 30. In which election were the island's residents allowed to vote for the first time?
A) May 12, 1970, election
B) 1897 local elections
C) Costa Rica's February 5, 2006, election
D) October 1863 referendum
  • 31. Are the park rangers considered permanent residents of Cocos Island?
A) No
B) Only during their service period
C) Yes
D) They are only temporary visitors
  • 32. What is the official Spanish name for Cocos Island?
A) Isla del Pacífico
B) Isla del Coco
C) Isla de Puntarenas
D) Isla de Costa Rica
  • 33. Approximately how far is Cocos Island from the Costa Rican mainland?
A) 300 km southeast
B) 700 km northwest
C) 550 km southwest
D) 450 km northeast
  • 34. In which province and canton of Costa Rica is Cocos Island located?
A) Province of Limón, Canton of Limón
B) Province of Alajuela, Canton of Alajuela
C) Province of Heredia, Canton of Heredia
D) Province of Puntarenas, Canton of Puntarenas
  • 35. What is the approximate area of Cocos Island?
A) 35 km²
B) 50 km²
C) 23.85 km²
D) 10 km²
  • 36. When was Cocos Island designated as a Costa Rican National Park?
A) 1985
B) 2000
C) 1978
D) 1997
  • 37. Who is believed to have discovered Cocos Island in 1526?
A) Juan de Cabezas
B) Christopher Columbus
C) Hernán Cortés
D) Fernando de Magallanes
  • 38. Which explorer anchored his ships Discovery and Chatham in what is now called Chatham Bay?
A) James Cook
B) Vasco Núñez de Balboa
C) George Vancouver
D) Francisco Pizarro
  • 39. When did Cocos Island become a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 2000
B) 1997
C) 1985
D) 2010
  • 40. What is the typical duration of a sea voyage to reach Cocos Island?
A) 48 to 72 hours
B) 36 to 48 hours
C) 24 to 36 hours
D) 12 to 24 hours
  • 41. What is the name of the map painted on parchment that first mentioned 'Isle de Coques'?
A) Map of Magellan
B) Map of Henry II
C) Map of Columbus
D) Map of Vespucci
  • 42. Which atlas shows Cocos Island right on the Equator?
A) Mercator's World Map
B) Ortelius' Theatrum Orbis Terrarum
C) Willem Blaeu's Grand Atlas
D) Ptolemy's Geographia
  • 43. What did George Vancouver leave on Cocos Island before departing?
A) An inscription with the date of arrival, names of ships, and commanders cut on a rock
B) A statue of himself
C) A flagpole with the British flag
D) A time capsule
  • 44. Which publication stated in 1891 that there was little known about the fauna and flora of Cocos Island?
A) National Geographic
B) Nature
C) The American Naturalist
D) Science Magazine
  • 45. Who was the first person to claim treasure buried on Cocos Island?
A) Captain Bennett Graham
B) Benito Bonito
C) Aeneas Mackintosh
D) Mary Welch
  • 46. Who was the British trader associated with the Treasure of Lima legend?
A) Aeneas Mackintosh
B) August Gissler
C) José de la Serna
D) Captain William Thompson
  • 47. Which organization designated Cocos Island as a World Heritage Site in 1997?
A) UNESCO
B) Professional Association of Diving Instructors
C) New7Wonders of the World Foundation
D) Costa Rican government
  • 48. What is one popular dive spot on Cocos Island known for hammerhead sharks?
A) Bajo Alcyone
B) Manuelina Garden
C) Wafer Bay
D) Dos Amigos Grande
  • 49. Which oceanographer called Cocos Island 'the most beautiful island in the world'?
A) Jacques Cousteau
B) Captain William Thompson
C) August Gissler
D) Aeneas Mackintosh
  • 50. What is strictly prohibited by the Costa Rican government on Cocos Island?
A) Treasure hunting
B) Tourism
C) Scuba diving
D) Fishing
  • 51. Which pirate terrorized the west coast of the Americas around 1818?
A) Benito Bonito
B) Aeneas Mackintosh
C) Captain William Thompson
D) Captain Bennett Graham
  • 52. What was the size of the expanded marine zone designated as a World Heritage Site in 2002?
A) 3,000 km2
B) 500 km2
C) 750 km2
D) 1,997 km2 (771 sq mi)
  • 53. What is the name of the coral garden dive spot on Cocos Island?
A) Bajo Alcyone
B) Manuelina Garden
C) Wafer Bay
D) Dos Amigos Grande
  • 54. Which explorer launched a treasure-hunting expedition to Cocos in 1910?
A) August Gissler
B) Captain William Thompson
C) Aeneas Mackintosh
D) Benito Bonito
  • 55. What type of marine life is abundant in the waters around Cocos Island?
A) Coral reefs
B) Small reef fish
C) Large pelagic fish species
D) Seagrass beds
  • 56. Who announced the expansion of the Galápagos Marine Reserve in 2022?
A) UN Environment Programme
B) Director of WWF
C) Ecuadorean President Guillermo Lasso
D) President of Costa Rica
  • 57. What is the name of the marine reserve that connects with Cocos Island?
A) Cocos Marine Reserve
B) Pacific Marine Reserve
C) Hermandad Marine Reserve
D) Galápagos Marine Reserve
  • 58. What is the primary composition of Cocos Island's rocks?
A) Limestone
B) Granite
C) Sandstone
D) Basalt
  • 59. What type of climate does Cocos Island have?
A) Tropical rainforest climate
B) Temperate oceanic climate
C) Mediterranean climate
D) Desert climate
  • 60. Which current influences the climate of Cocos Island?
A) Gulf Stream
B) Kuroshio Current
C) California Current
D) North Equatorial Countercurrent
  • 61. What is the average annual rainfall on Cocos Island?
A) Around 5,000 mm (196 in)
B) Under 3,000 mm (118 in)
C) Over 7,000 mm (276 in)
D) Approximately 9,000 mm (354 in)
  • 62. What type of forests are found on Cocos Island?
A) Savanna
B) Temperate deciduous forests
C) Dense tropical moist forests
D) Tundra
  • 63. How did the flora and fauna arrive at Cocos Island?
A) By human introduction
B) From volcanic activity
C) Through land bridges during ice ages
D) Via long-distance dispersal from the Americas
  • 64. What is unique about the cloud forests on Cocos Island?
A) They are similar to those in Europe.
B) They are found at sea level.
C) They have no endemic species.
D) They are unique in the eastern Pacific.
  • 65. What type of soil is predominant on Cocos Island?
A) Alfisols
B) Entisols
C) Mollisols
D) Spodosols
  • 66. How many known species of flowering plants are there on Cocos Island?
A) 235
B) 90
C) 128
D) 70
  • 67. What percentage of the flowering plant species on Cocos Island is endemic?
A) 50%
B) 10%
C) 75%
D) Approximately 29.8%
  • 68. What is the predominant tree in the coastal forests of Cocos Island?
A) Avocado (Ocotea insularis)
B) Purple coral tree (Erythrina fusca)
C) Palo de hierro (Sacoglottis holdridgei)
D) Melastoma spp.
  • 69. Up to what elevation do the coastal forests on Cocos Island extend?
A) 1600 ft
B) 50 m
C) 500 m
D) 1000 m
  • 70. Which plant family is not mentioned as part of the understory in the coastal forests?
A) Asteraceae
B) Solanaceae
C) Leguminosae
D) Rubiaceae
  • 71. Which tree is endemic to the inland forests of Cocos Island?
A) Cecropia pittieri
B) Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera)
C) Purple coral tree (Erythrina fusca)
D) Palo de hierro (Sacoglottis holdridgei)
  • 72. What type of plants are festooned at all levels in the inland forests?
A) Epiphytic plants
B) Aquatic plants
C) Carnivorous plants
D) Succulents
  • 73. Which palm is common in the inland forests of Cocos Island?
A) Sabal palmetto
B) Euterpe precatoria
C) Phoenix dactylifera
D) Washingtonia filifera
  • 74. Who theorized that pre-European man cleared areas on Cocos Island for coconut plantations?
A) Thor Heyerdahl
B) Captain Wafer
C) Charles Darwin
D) Alexander von Humboldt
  • 75. What type of navigation was used in pre-Columbian voyages according to Thor Heyerdahl?
A) Guara navigation
B) GPS navigation
C) Celestial navigation
D) Magnetic compass navigation
  • 76. Which species is predominant in the cloud forests of Cocos Island?
A) Erythrina fusca
B) Sacoglottis holdridgei
C) Melastoma spp.
D) Cocos nucifera
  • 77. How many species of ferns and fern allies have been reported on Cocos Island?
A) 90
B) 41
C) 128
D) 74
  • 78. Which family does the pond-apple tree belong to?
A) Solanaceae
B) Malvaceae
C) Annonaceae
D) Rubiaceae
  • 79. What was the outcome of the auction for confiscated goods from the Tiuna?
A) The auction raised significant funds for protection
B) The goods were returned to the poachers
C) It was stopped immediately after a request by the ship's spokesman
D) It proceeded as planned without interruption
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