 - 1. In which city did the Jallianwala Bagh massacre occur?
A) Amritsar B) Gujarat C) Delhi D) Lahore
- 2. On what date did the Jallianwala Bagh massacre take place?
A) 13 April 1928 B) 13 April 1920 C) 13 April 1919 D) 13 April 1922
- 3. Who commanded the British Indian Army soldiers during the Amritsar massacre?
A) Patel B) Gandhi C) Reginald E.H. Dyer D) Jawaharlal Nehru
- 4. What was the official Government of India death toll for the Amritsar massacre?
A) 379 B) 3,000 C) 1,000 D) 1,100
- 5. What was the year Gandhi began his campaign of non-cooperation?
A) 1919 B) 1920 C) 1922 D) 1925
- 6. Why did Gandhi halt the non-cooperation movement in 1922?
A) His own arrest B) The violent incident at Chauri Chaura C) The end of British rule D) Pressure from the Simon Commission
- 7. What was the purpose of the British Simon Commission in 1928?
A) To investigate the massacre B) To arrest Gandhi C) To institute constitutional reform D) To collect taxes
- 8. Who led the farmers in the Bardoli Satyagraha?
A) Patel B) Nehru C) Gandhi D) Rajagopalachari
- 9. What does Purna Swaraj mean?
A) Complete independence B) Non-cooperation C) Tax reform D) Civil disobedience
- 10. Who presided over the Indian National Congress session in Lahore?
A) Gandhi B) Patel C) Dyer D) Jawaharlal Nehru
- 11. What was the focus of the 1930 Salt Satyagraha?
A) Resigning from civil services B) Defying the tax on salt C) Refusing land taxes D) Returning British awards
- 12. Where did Gandhi travel in 1931 to negotiate new reform?
A) Amritsar B) London C) Delhi D) Lahore
- 13. How many soldiers were commanded by Dyer at Jallianwala Bagh?
A) 50 B) 100 C) 1,100 D) 379
- 14. Which group helped draft the declaration of Purna Swaraj?
A) Government of India B) Congress Working Committee C) British Simon Commission D) Indian Civil Service
- 15. What did the Bardoli Satyagraha focus on?
A) Increased land taxes B) British awards C) Salt taxes D) Civil service reform
- 16. Who was the Viceroy of India in 1916?
A) Lord Minto B) Edwin Montagu C) Lord Morley D) Lord Chelmsford
- 17. What political agreement signed in 1916 demonstrated new strength by Indian nationalists?
A) Simla Agreement B) Calcutta Accord C) Lucknow Pact D) Delhi Declaration
- 18. What disaster led to the realization that the war would last longer than expected?
A) Gallipoli campaign B) African campaign C) Western front campaign D) Mesopotamian campaign
- 19. Who was the Liberal secretary of state for India in August 1917?
A) David Lloyd George B) Edwin Montagu C) Lord Chelmsford D) Winston Churchill
- 20. What type of administrative system was introduced in the provinces by the 1919 Act?
A) Monarchy B) Diarchy C) Direct rule D) Federalism
- 21. Which of these departments was retained by the central government under the 1919 Act?
A) Education B) Defence C) Public health D) Local self-government
- 22. Which of these departments was transferred to the provinces under the 1919 Act?
A) Education B) Foreign affairs C) Criminal law D) Income-tax
- 23. What percentage of the total adult male population was enfranchised at the national level?
A) 5% B) 50% C) 25% D) 10%
- 24. Who famously described the reforms as 'unworthy of England to offer and India to accept'?
A) Mahatma Gandhi B) Jawaharlal Nehru C) Annie Besant D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- 25. Under the new Act, which group was assigned more seats to maintain less confrontational legislative bodies?
A) Rural candidates B) Student activists C) Urban candidates D) Revolutionaries
- 26. Which principle was reaffirmed in the 1919 Act regarding seat reservations?
A) Merit-based representation B) Communal representation C) Direct democracy D) Universal suffrage
- 27. Which of these groups received reserved seats under the communal representation principle?
A) Socialists B) Women C) Sikhs D) Military veterans
- 28. In what month and year did Montagu and Chelmsford present their report?
A) December 1919 B) January 1916 C) July 1918 D) August 1917
- 29. What was the main reason for the tour of the Franchise and Functions Committee?
A) Collecting income taxes B) Recruiting army officers C) Identifying who could vote D) Revising criminal laws
- 30. What does the term 'Raj' mean in Hindustani?
A) Crown, majesty or law B) Reign, rule or government C) Sovereign, territory or land D) Empire, king or power
- 31. What name was given to the areas ruled by indigenous rulers under British paramountcy?
A) Princely states B) Independent dominions C) British protectorates D) Crown colonies
- 32. Who was proclaimed Empress of India in 1876?
A) Queen Anne B) Queen Elizabeth I C) Queen Victoria D) Queen Mary
- 33. What event triggered the transfer of power from the East India Company to the Crown?
A) The Anglo-Sikkimese Treaty B) The Treaty of Gandamak C) The Treaty of Amiens D) The Indian Rebellion of 1857
- 34. In what year did Burma become a separate British colony?
A) 1937 B) 1948 C) 1989 D) 1886
- 35. Which of these was a founding member of the League of Nations?
A) India B) Nepal C) Afghanistan D) Burma
- 36. Which European nation held Goa during the British Raj?
A) The Netherlands B) Portugal C) France D) Spain
- 37. What colony was separated from British India in 1937?
A) Ceylon B) Aden Colony C) Sikkim D) The Maldive Islands
- 38. Which island nation was a British protectorate from 1887 to 1965 but was not part of British India?
A) Ceylon B) Burma C) The Maldive Islands D) Sikkim
- 39. In which city was the United Nations founded in 1945, with India as a founding member?
A) London B) New Delhi C) New York D) San Francisco
- 40. Which country was renamed Myanmar in 1989?
A) Sikkim B) Aden C) Burma D) Ceylon
- 41. Which of these regions was briefly a part of the British Raj from 1884 to 1898?
A) Kuwait B) Nepal C) Afghanistan D) British Somaliland
- 42. Under what treaty was Ceylon ceded to Britain in 1802?
A) Treaty of Amiens B) Anglo-Sikkimese Treaty C) Treaty of 1919 D) Treaty of Gandamak
- 43. When did the British Raj partition into the Union of India and the Dominion of Pakistan?
A) 1937 B) 1945 C) 1858 D) 1947
- 44. The Kingdom of Sikkim was established as a princely state following which agreement?
A) Anglo-Sikkimese Treaty of 1861 B) Treaty of Gandamak C) Proclamation of 1858 D) Treaty of Amiens
- 45. Which nation was a limited British protectorate from 1879 to 1919?
A) Sikkim B) Nepal C) Bhutan D) Afghanistan
- 46. Which European nation held Pondicherry during the British Raj?
A) Italy B) Germany C) Portugal D) France
- 47. In which of the following Summer Olympic years did India participate?
A) 1912 B) 1944 C) 1904 D) 1900
- 48. According to the 1861 Census, approximately how many English civilians were in India?
A) 125,945 B) 66,000 C) 41,862 D) 84,083
- 49. What term did Lord Canning use to describe princes and large land-holders who did not join the rebellion?
A) Agents of change B) Social reformers C) Foreign loyalists D) Breakwaters in a storm
- 50. How long did the British halt land reforms after the 1857 rebellion?
A) 50 years B) 10 years C) 90 years D) 150 years
- 51. Which regions were specifically noted for remaining realms of large land holdings?
A) Punjab and Uttar Pradesh B) The United Provinces C) Agra and Oudh D) Bengal and Bihar
- 52. How did British policy toward social and religious intervention change after 1857?
A) They enforced new religious laws B) They stopped making social interventions C) They focused on Hindu child widows D) They accelerated social reforms
- 53. Who primarily bore the financial risks for infrastructure development in India during the British Raj?
A) Indian merchants B) The British Crown C) Taxpayers D) Private British investors
- 54. Which raw material is specifically mentioned as being transported from India's hinterland to ports?
A) Tea B) Silk C) Coal D) Cotton
- 55. Which port city is mentioned as a destination for raw materials in India?
A) Calcutta B) Delhi C) Madras D) Bombay
- 56. Which region saw increased food production due to commercial cropping and new canals?
A) Assam B) Punjab C) Gujarat D) Bengal
- 57. When were the Indian Famine Codes instituted?
A) 1858 B) 1880 C) 1876 D) 1920
- 58. What entity eventually implemented the famine scales and programmes developed from the Indian Famine Codes?
A) United Nations B) East India Company C) British Parliament D) World Bank
- 59. How did the railway network assist during famine periods?
A) Provided critical famine relief B) Increased taxes on farmers C) Reduced cotton exports D) Encouraged migration to England
- 60. Which group arose in India by the 1880s?
A) A new peasant union B) A new military elite C) A new merchant class D) A new middle class
- 61. Which country being granted dominion status in 1867 encouraged Indian intellectuals?
A) South Africa B) New Zealand C) Australia D) Canada
- 62. What act attempted to control the press in 1878?
A) Vernacular Press Act B) British Raj Press Decree C) Ilbert Bill Act D) Indian Civil Service Act
- 63. What 1883 legislative measure, when reversed, sparked political action among the Indian middle class?
A) Vernacular Press Act B) Ilbert Bill C) Dominion Status Act D) Indian Reform Act
- 64. Who was elected the first president of the Indian National Congress?
A) Gopal Krishna Gokhale B) Bal Gangadhar Tilak C) Womesh Chunder Bonerjee D) Thomas Baring
- 65. What did early Indian nationalists believe Britain was doing to India's wealth?
A) Draining it B) Investing it in infrastructure C) Distributing it to the poor D) Returning it to local rulers
- 66. Who served as Viceroy of India from 1872 to 1876?
A) Lord Ripon B) Max Müller C) Thomas Baring D) Womesh Chunder Bonerjee
- 67. Who was a champion of the emancipation of Indian women and widow remarriage?
A) Gopal Krishna Gokhale B) Queen Victoria C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak D) Pandita Ramabai
- 68. Who led the 'extremists' within the Indian National Congress after 1905?
A) Gopal Krishna Gokhale B) Womesh Chunder Bonerjee C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak D) Thomas Baring
- 69. What festivals did Bal Gangadhar Tilak inaugurate to mobilize Indians?
A) Victorian festivals B) Civil Service festivals C) Ganapati festivals D) Diwali festivals
- 70. How did the early membership of the Indian National Congress define itself?
A) An alliance of British civil servants B) A Westernized elite C) A grassroots peasant movement D) A collection of traditional tribal leaders
- 71. In what year did the Muslim elite meet with Lord Minto?
A) 1906 B) 1871 C) 1911 D) 1892
- 72. Where was the All-India Muslim League founded in 1906?
A) Dacca B) Delhi C) Calcutta D) Punjab
- 73. Which Viceroy resigned his position following a dispute with Lord Kitchener?
A) Curzon B) Morley C) George V D) Minto
- 74. Which Hindu group organized reconversion events for Muslims?
A) Anushilan Samiti B) Congress C) Arya Samaj D) Ghadar Party
- 75. What novel contained the rallying cry 'Bande Mataram'?
A) Anand Math B) The Morley-Minto Reforms C) The Partition Plan D) The Census Report
- 76. Who hosted the first meeting of the Muslim League in his mansion?
A) Khwaja Salimullah B) Lord Kitchener C) Lord Minto D) John Morley
- 77. What is another name for the Indian Councils Act 1909?
A) Dacca Reforms B) Curzon-Kitchener Reforms C) Morley-Minto Reforms D) Delhi Reforms
- 78. In what year was the partition of Bengal rescinded?
A) 1909 B) 1906 C) 1892 D) 1911
- 79. Who was crowned Emperor of India at the Delhi Durbar?
A) King George V B) Lord Minto C) Lord Curzon D) John Morley
- 80. To which city was the capital moved from Calcutta?
A) Dacca B) Delhi C) Shahbag D) Punjab
- 81. Which revolutionary group was based in the Punjab?
A) Anushilan Samiti B) Muslim League C) Arya Samaj D) Ghadar Party
- 82. What specific demand did the Muslim elite make to Lord Minto regarding elections?
A) Abolition of the council B) Unified Hindu-Muslim councils C) Separate electorates D) Universal suffrage
- 83. What was the rallying cry for the protests against the Partition of Bengal?
A) Jai Hind B) Swadeshi Zindabad C) Bande Mataram D) Quit India
- 84. Which movement involved the boycott of foreign goods and the use of natively produced goods?
A) Non-Cooperation movement B) Swadeshi movement C) Quit India movement D) Civil Disobedience movement
- 85. How much did the Swadeshi boycott movement reduce imports of British textiles?
A) 50% B) 25% C) 75% D) 10%
- 86. Who was the two-time Congress president that led the Swadeshi campaign?
A) Surendranath Banerjee B) Gopal Krishna Gokhale C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak D) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
- 87. What was the primary goal of the magazine 'Bande Mataram' edited by Sri Aurobindo?
A) Passive Resistance B) Violent revolution C) Armed uprising D) Pro-British reform
- 88. Which young lawyer from Bombay played a role in the Lucknow Pact and later rose to lead the movement?
A) Bal Gangadhar Tilak B) Surendranath Banerjee C) Muhammad Ali Jinnah D) Madan Mohan Malaviya
- 89. What was the primary reason for the increased distrust of British 'religious neutrality' among Indian Muslims during WWI?
A) The Partition of Bengal B) The arrest of the Ali brothers C) The Defence of India Act D) Conflict with Turkey
- 90. What was the approximate membership of the Home Rule leagues after a little over a year?
A) One hundred thousand each B) Thirty thousand each C) Ten thousand each D) Five thousand each
- 91. In what year did Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi return to India?
A) 1920 B) 1917 C) 1909 D) 1915
- 92. Who was Gandhi's mentor who advised him to travel and observe during his first year back in India?
A) Gopal Krishna Gokhale B) Jawaharlal Nehru C) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel D) Rajendra Prasad
- 93. What does the term 'Satyagraha' literally mean?
A) Non-cooperation B) Self-rule C) Passive resistance D) Striving for Truth
- 94. What is the English translation of 'Ahimsa'?
A) Self-reliance B) Truth-seeking C) Boycott D) Non-violence
- 95. In which essay did Gandhi formulate his vision of Swaraj?
A) Indian Independence B) The Path to Freedom C) Satyagraha in South Africa D) Hind Swaraj
- 96. In what year did Gandhi make his political debut in India?
A) 1915 B) 1917 C) 1920 D) 1918
- 97. Where did Gandhi conduct his first political protest in India?
A) Kaira B) Champaran C) Bombay D) Ahmedabad
- 98. What crop were the tenant farmers in Champaran forced to plant?
A) Indigo B) Tea C) Cotton D) Wheat
- 99. Who joined Gandhi in Champaran and became a prominent Congress leader?
A) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel B) Subhas Chandra Bose C) Rajendra Prasad D) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
- 100. In 1918, Gandhi launched a satyagraha for textile mill workers in which city?
A) Champaran B) Ahmedabad C) Patna D) Kaira
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