A) A systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment.
B) A cognitive skill that enhances reasoning.
C) A type of psychological disorder.
D) An emotional response to stimuli.

A) Availability heuristic.
B) Confirmation bias.
C) Overconfidence bias.
D) Anchoring bias.

A) Being surprised by unpredicted outcomes.
B) Overconfidence in one's initial predictions.
C) Believing that an event was predictable after it has happened.
D) Underestimating future uncertainties.

A) Seeing patterns where none exist.
B) Believing that past random events affect future outcomes.
C) Relying solely on statistical evidence.
D) Understanding that outcomes are independent.

A) Survivorship bias.
B) Recency bias.
C) Confirmation bias.
D) Framing effect.

A) Relying on evidence-based predictions.
B) A clear acknowledgment of randomness in events.
C) The belief that one can influence outcomes that are really beyond control.
D) Feeling helpless in decision-making scenarios.

A) Overestimating costs in project planning.
B) Improving accuracy through careful planning.
C) Underestimating the time required to complete a task.
D) Relying on past performance data to predict future tasks.

A) Calculating probabilities before acting.
B) Making decisions based on emotions rather than logic.
C) Assessing risks through careful analysis.
D) Relying on statistical data exclusively.

A) Blame others exclusively for their victories.
B) Minimize their own role in results.
C) Attribute successes to themselves and failures to external factors.
D) Take equal responsibility for successes and failures.