Death of Napoleon - Quiz
Death of Napoleon
  • 1. On what date was Napoleon's autopsy performed?
A) 15 December
B) 5 May
C) 8 May
D) 6 May
  • 2. Who conducted the autopsy on Napoleon?
A) Thomas Reade
B) Thomas Shortt
C) Walter Henry
D) Antommarchi
  • 3. How many British medical practitioners were present at the autopsy?
A) Four
B) Five
C) Seven
D) Ten
  • 4. What did the autopsy reports conclude was the cause of Napoleon's death?
A) Heart attack
B) Stomach cancer
C) Poisoning
D) Pneumonia
  • 5. Whose death was also caused by the disease that killed Napoleon?
A) His father
B) His brother
C) His grandfather
D) His son
  • 6. How many total autopsy reports were eventually produced?
A) Seven
B) Three
C) Five
D) Two
  • 7. Who wrote the official British autopsy report?
A) Walter Henry
B) Thomas Shortt
C) Antommarchi
D) Thomas Reade
  • 8. In what year did Assistant Surgeon Walter Henry write his unofficial autopsy report to Lowe?
A) 1825
B) 1821
C) 1823
D) 1840
  • 9. Which autopsy report is considered unreliable because it was partially plagiarized?
A) Walter Henry's report
B) Antommarchi's 1825 report
C) Thomas Shortt's report
D) Antommarchi's original 1821 report
  • 10. Where was Napoleon buried initially?
A) St Jérôme's Chapel
B) Valley of the Geraniums
C) Paris
D) Les Invalides
  • 11. What body parts were removed and sealed inside Napoleon's coffin?
A) Lungs and kidneys
B) Brain and liver
C) Heart and intestines
D) Heart and brain
  • 12. Which body part was allegedly removed during the autopsy, sold, and exhibited?
A) His ear
B) His hand
C) His penis
D) His finger
  • 13. Which government gave permission to return Napoleon's remains to France in 1840?
A) The French government
B) The British government
C) The Russian government
D) The Austrian government
  • 14. Who was given permission to return Napoleon's remains to France?
A) Louis Visconti
B) Antommarchi
C) Louis Philippe I
D) Napoleon III
  • 15. How many coffins was Napoleon's body sealed in, which kept it well preserved?
A) Four
B) Two
C) Three
D) Five
  • 16. What materials made up the four coffins sealing Napoleon's body?
A) Two metal and two mahogany
B) Four mahogany
C) Four metal
D) Three metal and one mahogany
  • 17. On what date was the state funeral held in Paris?
A) 4 July 1821
B) 15 December 1861
C) 6 May 1821
D) 15 December 1840
  • 18. Approximately how many people attended the state funeral in Paris?
A) 100,000 to 200,000
B) 2,000,000 to 3,000,000
C) 700,000 to 1,000,000
D) 50,000 to 70,000
  • 19. Where was the funeral procession's route directed in Paris?
A) Chapel of Les Invalides
B) Valley of Kings
C) Valley of the Geraniums
D) St Jérôme's Chapel
  • 20. Where was the coffin placed before Napoleon's final tomb was completed?
A) The crypt under the dome
B) St Helena
C) Valley of the Geraniums
D) St Jérôme's Chapel
  • 21. Who designed Napoleon's final tomb?
A) Antommarchi
B) Horace Vernet
C) Louis Philippe I
D) Louis Visconti
  • 22. During whose reign were Napoleon's remains entombed in a sarcophagus at Les Invalides?
A) Louis Philippe I
B) King George IV
C) Napoleon III
D) Napoleon I
  • 23. In what year were Napoleon's remains entombed in the crypt under the dome at Les Invalides?
A) 1840
B) 1821
C) 1861
D) 1830
  • 24. On what date did news of Napoleon's death reach England?
A) 6 May 1821
B) 15 December 1840
C) 4 July 1821
D) 15 December 1861
  • 25. How did the British press react to the news of Napoleon's death?
A) Complete indifference across all papers
B) Uniform celebration and joy
C) Ranged from acknowledgement of greatness to war-mongering tyrant polemics
D) Universal mourning and grief
  • 26. How was the reaction in France polarized?
A) Between public mourning and castigation by royalists and some liberals
B) Between total celebration and indifference
C) Between medical curiosity and denial
D) Between war and peace
  • 27. How many pamphlets appeared debating Napoleon's legacy between July and November 1821?
A) 164
B) 5
C) 700,000
D) 1840
  • 28. What did crowds in Paris gather to do after hearing the news?
A) Grief in absolute silence
B) Read newspaper reports and buy cheap engravings
C) Protest the monarchy
D) Burn down government buildings
  • 29. What made it difficult to assess the public response to Napoleon's death in France?
A) A lack of newspapers
B) Strict censorship and laws forbidding public support
C) The complete absence of the French population
D) The remote location of Saint Helena
  • 30. What false claims soon appeared in pamphlets regarding Napoleon's death?
A) That he died of old age
B) That he had escaped to America
C) That he had been poisoned
D) That he was never a general
  • 31. Until what decade did rumors persist that Napoleon was still alive?
A) The 1820s
B) The 1830s
C) The 1840s
D) The 1860s
  • 32. Which literary figure wrote reflections on Napoleon's death?
A) Thomas Shortt
B) Alessandro Manzoni
C) Louis Visconti
D) Antommarchi
  • 33. Which of the following authors wrote reflections on Napoleon's death?
A) Thomas Reade
B) Walter Henry
C) Horace Vernet
D) Lord Byron
  • 34. Who among these literary figures wrote about Napoleon's death?
A) Louis Visconti
B) Napoleon III
C) Louis Philippe I
D) Percy Bysshe Shelley
  • 35. Which Austrian writer penned reflections on Napoleon's death?
A) Alexander Pushkin
B) Alessandro Manzoni
C) Lord Byron
D) Franz Grillparzer
  • 36. Which Russian literary figure wrote reflections on Napoleon's death?
A) Lord Byron
B) Franz Grillparzer
C) Alexander Pushkin
D) Percy Bysshe Shelley
  • 37. In what terms were paintings, lithographs, and engravings often depicting Napoleon's death?
A) Political terms as a defeat
B) Quasi-religious terms as an apotheosis
C) Tragic terms as a murder
D) Medical terms as an autopsy
  • 38. What is the title of Horace Vernet's 1821 painting depicting Napoleon's death?
A) The Valley of the Geraniums
B) The Exile of St Helena
C) The Death of the Emperor
D) Napoleon's Tomb
  • 39. What does Horace Vernet's painting depict Napoleon doing?
A) Lying in a coffin in Saint Helena
B) Returning to France via ship
C) Signing his abdication papers
D) Ascending into an imperial Valhalla
  • 40. In what year was Horace Vernet's Napoleon's Tomb first publicly exhibited?
A) 1840
B) 1830
C) 1861
D) 1821
  • 41. Who did Napoleon claim assassinated him in his wills?
A) The English oligarchy
B) Antommarchi
C) The Bourbons
D) Archibald Arnott
  • 42. Who did Napoleon predict would fall according to his wills?
A) His son
B) The English oligarchy
C) The Bourbons
D) France
  • 43. How many legatees did Napoleon leave his fortune to?
A) 1821
B) 3
C) 51
D) 97
  • 44. What high dose medication was administered to Napoleon on 4 May?
A) Calomel
B) Arsenic
C) A dark fluid
D) Morphine
  • 45. What chemical substance is calomel?
A) Lead acetate
B) Sodium bicarbonate
C) Potassium cyanide
D) Toxic mercury chloride
  • 46. Who was Napoleon's English physician who administered calomel?
A) Archibald Arnott
B) Joséphine
C) The English oligarchy
D) Antommarchi
  • 47. How old was Napoleon when he died?
A) 45
B) 97
C) 51
D) 60
  • 48. Which of the following was recorded as part of Napoleon's last words?
A) Calomel
B) Seine
C) France
D) England
  • 49. Which female name is mentioned in the recorded accounts of Napoleon's last words?
A) Marie
B) Elizabeth
C) Joséphine
D) Victoria
  • 50. Where did Napoleon die?
A) Longwood, Saint Helena
B) Briars, Saint Helena
C) Paris, France
D) Waterloo, Belgium
  • 51. Following which battle was Napoleon exiled?
A) Borodino
B) Trafalgar
C) Austerlitz
D) Waterloo
  • 52. How many followers accompanied Napoleon to Saint Helena in October 1815?
A) 2
B) 27
C) 40
D) 15
  • 53. What disease did Napoleon's physician Barry O'Meara diagnose in mid-1817?
A) Malaria
B) Tuberculosis
C) Chronic hepatitis
D) Stomach cancer
  • 54. When did the allies announce that Napoleon would remain a prisoner on Saint Helena for life?
A) March 1817
B) July 1820
C) October 1815
D) November 1818
  • 55. What theory regarding Napoleon's death has been rejected by numerous 21st-century scholarly studies and historians?
A) Deliberate arsenic poisoning
B) Stomach cancer
C) Perforated gastric ulcer
D) Accidental calomel poisoning
  • 56. What was the name of the ship that brought Napoleon to Saint Helena?
A) HMS Northumberland
B) HMS Northumberland was not the ship
C) HMS Bellerophon
D) HMS Victory
  • 57. What kind of building was Longwood House?
A) A canvas tent
B) A brick mansion
C) A stone castle
D) A 40-room wooden bungalow
  • 58. Which newspaper published articles insinuating the British government was trying to hasten Napoleon's death?
A) The Morning Chronicle
B) The Daily Mail
C) The Guardian
D) The Times
  • 59. Who was the governor of Saint Helena who cut Napoleon's expenditure?
A) Barry O'Meara
B) François Carlo Antommarchi
C) Henry Vassall-Fox
D) Hudson Lowe
  • 60. Who made a call for a public inquiry in the British Parliament in March 1817 regarding Napoleon's treatment?
A) Henry Vassall-Fox, 3rd Baron Holland
B) Barry O'Meara
C) Hudson Lowe
D) Emmanuel, comte de Las Cases
  • 61. Which year was the study by an international team of eight gastrointestinal pathologists published?
A) 2021
B) 2009
C) 1823
D) 2007
  • 62. Whose 1823 report confirmed the gastric ulcer, noting it was aggravated by cancerous ulcerations?
A) Alain Golcher's
B) Jacques Macé's
C) Walter Henry's
D) Antommarchi's
  • 63. What did a 2007 study suggest was the cause of Napoleon's death?
A) A perforated ulcer without cancer
B) Pulmonary lesions linked to tuberculosis
C) A haemorrhage associated with a gastric tumour
D) Exsanguination from chronic microscopic bleeding
  • 64. Approximately how much weight did Napoleon lose in the last six months of his life according to clinical descriptions?
A) Around ten kilos
B) Around twenty kilos
C) Around five kilos
D) Around two kilos
  • 65. What bacteria did the 2007 study suggest probably caused the ulcer leading to stomach cancer?
A) Helicobacter pylori
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Tuberculosis bacilli
D) Escherichia coli
  • 66. Who studied the initial autopsy reports in 2012 and concluded the perforated gastric ulcer did not cause Napoleon's death?
A) Walter Henry
B) Jacques Macé
C) Thierry Lentz
D) Alain Golcher
  • 67. How did the 2021 international study describe Alain Golcher's thesis?
A) As entirely accurate and flawless
B) As the most historically credible
C) As a proven medical fact
D) On extremely shaky ground
  • 68. When was the paper reporting elevated levels of arsenic in Napoleon's hair published?
A) 1961
B) 2008
C) 2003
D) 2021
  • 69. Who led the studies on Napoleon's hair from 2003 to 2006?
A) Pascal Kintz
B) Arne Soerensen
C) Sten Forshufvud
D) Phillip Dwyer
  • 70. What was Sten Forshufvud's profession?
A) Physician
B) Historian
C) Toxicologist
D) Dentist
  • 71. How did the 2008 INFN study describe the arsenic levels in Napoleon's hair compared to his youth?
A) Comparable
B) Non-existent
C) Significantly higher
D) Significantly lower
  • 72. Who called the arsenic poisoning thesis a conspiracy theory?
A) Arne Soerensen
B) Phillip Dwyer
C) Sten Forshufvud
D) Pascal Kintz
  • 73. Who suggested that Napoleon died of urinary and kidney problems in 2009?
A) Sten Forshufvud
B) Golcher
C) Arne Soerensen
D) Phillip Dwyer
  • 74. What was Arne Soerensen's profession?
A) Physician
B) Historian
C) Nuclear physicist
D) Dentist
  • 75. What condition was Napoleon already experiencing before the calomel was administered?
A) Tachycardic
B) Comatose
C) Paralyzed
D) Feverish
  • 76. How did the bicentenary of Napoleon's death in 2021 compare with the bicentenary of his birth in 1969?
A) It was low-key
B) It was boycotted entirely
C) It was identical in scale
D) It was much grander
  • 77. What factor restricted public events during the 2021 bicentenary?
A) Severe weather conditions
B) Government bans on historical discussions
C) The COVID-19 pandemic
D) A major economic depression
  • 78. Who delivered a speech on Napoleon's legacy at the Institut de France on 5 May 2021?
A) Pierre Branda
B) Jean Tulard
C) Thierry Lentz
D) Emmanuel Macron
  • 79. Which museum organized the exhibition Napoléon n’est plus?
A) Musée de l’Armée
B) Fondation Napoléon
C) The Louvre
D) Réunion des Musées Nationaux
  • 80. Where was the exhibition Napoléon aux 1001 visages held?
A) Saint Helena
B) Institut de France
C) Les Invalides
D) Château de Malmaison
  • 81. How many editions did Las Cases' Memorial de Sainte-Hélène go through by 1900?
A) 20
B) 16
C) 10
D) 12
  • 82. Who wrote the 1829 popular song "My God, isn't it true that he's not dead"?
A) Pierre-Jean de Béranger
B) Honoré de Balzac
C) Manzoni
D) Victor Hugo
  • 83. In which 1833 novel does a character believe Napoleon is still alive?
A) The Country Doctor
B) Il 5 maggio
C) Napoleon in Exile
D) Memorial de Sainte-Hélène
  • 84. Who wrote the novel The Country Doctor?
A) Pierre-Jean de Béranger
B) Manzoni
C) Honoré de Balzac
D) Alphonse de Lamartine
  • 85. Who created the documentary sketch "Sketch of Bonaparte as laid out on his Austerlitz camp-bed" in 1821?
A) Frederik Marryat
B) Jean-Baptiste Mauzaisse
C) Charles de Steuben
D) Vincenzo Vela
  • 86. Who painted the large-scale romanticized work La Mort de Napoléon à Sainte-Hélène in 1828?
A) Jean-Baptiste Mauzaisse
B) Vincenzo Vela
C) Charles de Steuben
D) Frederik Marryat
  • 87. Who painted Napoleon on his Deathbed, One Hour Before Being Shrouded in 1843?
A) Francis Burton
B) Charles de Steuben
C) Jean-Baptiste Mauzaisse
D) Frederik Marryat
  • 88. Who sculpted Napoleon Dying on St Helena in 1866?
A) Francis Burton
B) Vincenzo Vela
C) Antommarchi
D) Jean-Baptiste Mauzaisse
  • 89. Who made the original plaster or wax death mask of Napoleon?
A) Charles de Steuben
B) Francis Burton
C) Antommarchi
D) Frederik Marryat
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