Complete blood count - Quiz
Complete blood count
  • 1. What does point-of-care testing refer to?
A) Tests that require long processing times
B) Tests conducted only by laboratory technicians
C) Tests conducted outside of the laboratory setting
D) Tests conducted exclusively in specialized hospitals
  • 2. Which of the following is a benefit of point-of-care testing?
A) It is faster than conventional methods
B) It requires highly specialized personnel
C) It uses more blood than standard tests
D) It is more expensive than lab tests
  • 3. Where might point-of-care testing be performed?
A) Only in university lecture halls
B) Only in a central research laboratory
C) Only in pharmacies
D) At a person's bedside or in a clinic
  • 4. Which device is mentioned as a portable analyzer for hemoglobin concentration?
A) Microscope
B) i-STAT
C) HemoCue
D) Centrifuge
  • 5. How does the HemoCue measure hemoglobin concentration?
A) By measuring blood conductivity
B) By counting white blood cells
C) By using manual visual inspection
D) By using spectrophotometry
  • 6. How does the i-STAT device derive a hemoglobin reading?
A) By calculating plasma volume
B) By counting platelets manually
C) By using spectrophotometry
D) By estimating red blood cell concentration from conductivity
  • 7. Why is point-of-care testing useful in emergency situations?
A) It provides a more accurate result than labs
B) It is only available in large hospitals
C) It requires no device calibration
D) It is faster and requires less blood
  • 8. What is a potential issue with measuring hemoglobin and hematocrit on blood gas devices?
A) They are too expensive to maintain
B) The measurements correlate poorly with standard methods
C) They cannot measure blood gas levels
D) They require a full laboratory setting
  • 9. What type of personnel is required for point-of-care testing?
A) Only professional phlebotomists
B) Only board-certified pathologists
C) Specially trained personnel are not required
D) Only specialized laboratory scientists
  • 10. Are there simplified hematology analyzers available for clinic use?
A) No, hematology analyzers are only for labs
B) Yes, but they cannot perform a differential
C) No, they can only measure hemoglobin
D) Yes, they can provide a complete blood count and differential
  • 11. What is the technique called where cells are measured as they flow past sensors?
A) Hydrodynamic electrophoresis
B) Spectrophotometry
C) Flow cytometry
D) Laminar chromatography
  • 12. What is the purpose of hydrodynamic focusing?
A) To chemically lyse the white blood cells.
B) To isolate individual cells into a single file.
C) To stain the cell nuclei for easier detection.
D) To increase the concentration of the sample.
  • 13. What is the standard wavelength used to measure hemoglobin absorbance?
A) 640 nanometres
B) 740 nanometres
C) 340 nanometres
D) 540 nanometres
  • 14. Which principle does impedance-based cell counting rely on?
A) Faraday's law
B) Coulter principle
C) Doppler effect
D) Beer-Lambert law
  • 15. In light scattering, what does forward scatter correlate with?
A) Cellular size
B) Cytoplasmic granulation
C) Nuclear complexity
D) Hemoglobin concentration
  • 16. What does side scatter in light scattering techniques reveal?
A) Hemoglobin stability
B) Cellular volume
C) Red blood cell count
D) Cellular complexity
  • 17. Which substance is used to convert hemoglobin into a stable form for measurement?
A) Oxyhemoglobin
B) Myeloperoxidase
C) Carboxyhemoglobin
D) Cyanmethemoglobin
  • 18. What does digital microscopy software use to classify white blood cells?
A) Coulter principle
B) Fluorescent staining
C) Artificial intelligence
D) Radiofrequency analysis
  • 19. What is typically added to the blood collection tube to prevent clotting?
A) Sodium citrate
B) Heparin
C) Saline
D) EDTA
  • 20. From which body site is blood most commonly drawn for a complete blood count?
A) Muscle
B) Vein
C) Bone marrow
D) Artery
  • 21. What is the primary method used for performing a complete blood count?
A) Chemical titration
B) Centrifugation only
C) Automated analyzer
D) Manual observation only
  • 22. Which method is used to collect blood from babies when venous access is difficult?
A) Arterial puncture
B) Earlobe prick
C) Heelprick
D) Fingerstick
  • 23. Which manual technique is mentioned as a way to check abnormal results?
A) Manual blood culture
B) Manual hematocrit test
C) Manual platelet aggregation test
D) Manual coagulation profile
  • 24. Which site can be used for a fingerstick collection if venous access is difficult?
A) Lymph nodes
B) Arteries
C) Capillaries
D) Veins
  • 25. What is another name for a complete blood count?
A) Clinical blood screening
B) Plasma analysis
C) Full haemogram
D) Hematology profile
  • 26. What percentage of blood samples typically require a manual blood smear review?
A) 1–5%
B) 10–25%
C) Over 75%
D) 40–50%
  • 27. Who developed the first procedure for a blood count in 1852?
A) Louis-Charles Malassez
B) Maxwell Wintrobe
C) Karl Vierordt
D) Wallace H. Coulter
  • 28. Which invention simplified microscopic blood cell analysis in 1874?
A) Automated staining slide
B) Hemocytometer
C) Coulter counter
D) Centrifuge
  • 29. What does the Coulter principle utilize to count blood cells?
A) Electrical impedance
B) Optical refraction
C) Chemical titration
D) Fluorescent labeling
  • 30. What is the fluid portion of blood called?
A) Plasma
B) Lymph
C) Serum
D) Interstitial fluid
  • 31. Which treatment for cancer is explicitly noted to suppress bone marrow production?
A) Blood thinning medication
B) Targeted hormone therapy
C) Immunotherapy
D) Chemotherapy
  • 32. Which psychiatric drug is associated with a risk of agranulocytosis?
A) Fluoxetine
B) Diazepam
C) Lithium
D) Clozapine
  • 33. What does a low count of all three cell types indicate?
A) Thrombocytopenia
B) Pancytopenia
C) Leukemia
D) Anemia
  • 34. What percentage of healthy people fall within the established CBC reference ranges?
A) 97%
B) 95%
C) 99%
D) 90%
  • 35. What stain is used for examining a manual blood smear under a microscope?
A) Gram stain
B) Romanowsky stain
C) Acid-fast stain
D) Wright-Giemsa stain
  • 36. The presence of schistocytes on a blood smear is suggestive of which condition?
A) Multiple myeloma
B) Malaria
C) Sickle cell disease
D) Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
  • 37. What is the term for red blood cells that appear stacked together on a smear?
A) Schistocytes
B) Toxic granulation
C) Vacuolation
D) Rouleaux
  • 38. What is the primary manual method for determining the hematocrit?
A) Using a spectrophotometer
B) Counting cells in a hemocytometer
C) Measuring blood absorbance on absorbent paper
D) Centrifuging a filled capillary tube
  • 39. Which condition can cause automated hematocrit results to be inaccurate due to white blood cells being counted as red cells?
A) Polycythemia
B) Multiple myeloma
C) Anemia
D) Severe leukocytosis
  • 40. Which substance is used to lyse red blood cells when performing a manual white blood cell count?
A) Ethanol
B) Ammonium oxalate
C) Distilled water
D) Saline
  • 41. What type of microscope makes platelets easier to identify during manual counting?
A) Electron microscope
B) Light microscope
C) Phase-contrast microscope
D) Fluorescence microscope
  • 42. What diagnostic feature on a white blood cell can be identified microscopically but not by an automated analyzer?
A) Toxic granulation
B) Cell size
C) Hemoglobin content
D) Total count
  • 43. Which parasitic disease can be detected on a blood smear?
A) Multiple myeloma
B) Babesiosis
C) Polycythemia
D) Leukemia
  • 44. Which parameter is mentioned as particularly useful for moving average measurement?
A) MCHC
B) MCV
C) WBC count
D) Platelet count
  • 45. Are expected results for external quality assessment samples disclosed to the laboratory?
A) No
B) Only if the results are outside the threshold
C) Yes
D) Only upon request
  • 46. Why might some laboratories in under-resourced areas struggle to implement external quality assessment?
A) Lack of internal quality control
B) Lack of patient samples
C) Logistical issues
D) Inaccurate MCHC values
  • 47. Who typically provides the quality control samples for automated analyzers?
A) The patients themselves
B) The local hospital board
C) The instrument manufacturer
D) The laboratory technicians
  • 48. What is the assumption behind using the moving average measurement technique?
A) All patients have the same blood type
B) The analyzer resets its own calibration daily
C) Patient population characteristics remain roughly the same over time
D) External quality samples are run every day
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