Qianlong Emperor - Quiz
Qianlong Emperor
  • 1. Which ruler of Kokand pleaded to Ahmad Shah Durrani for aid against the Qing?
A) Sultan Shah
B) Emin Khoja
C) Khwaja Mirhan
D) Fazil Biy
  • 2. What was the purpose of the fath-nama sent by Ahmad Shah to Qianlong?
A) To declare war
B) To request trade rights
C) To celebrate a victory
D) To establish a religious alliance
  • 3. Who was the chief envoy sent by Ahmad Shah to the Qing court?
A) Shah Wali Khan
B) Fude
C) Khwaja Mirhan
D) Yunggui
  • 4. What did the Qing envoy initially refuse to do before the emperor?
A) Present gifts
B) Bow to officials
C) Kowtow
D) Speak Chinese
  • 5. Who painted the horses gifted by Ahmad Shah to the Qing court?
A) Qianlong
B) Giuseppe Castiglione
C) Fude
D) Yunggui
  • 6. Why did Qianlong threaten to invade Badakhshan in 1759?
A) Because Sultan Shah initially refused to hand over the Afaqi brothers
B) Because Sultan Shah attacked Qing troops
C) Because of the execution of the Afaqi brothers
D) Because Badakhshan stopped paying taxes
  • 7. What happened to the Afaqi descendants after they crossed into Badakhshan?
A) One of their remains were sent to Yarkand
B) They were welcomed by the Qing
C) They were executed by the Afghans
D) They escaped to India
  • 8. What policy did Qianlong adopt after the revolt in Uch-Turfan and other tensions?
A) Open diplomatic alliance
B) Immediate annexation of Central Asia
C) Strict non-interference
D) Aggressive military expansion
  • 9. Who led the Afghan invasion of Badakhshan in 1768?
A) Shah Wali Khan
B) Ahmad Shah Durrani
C) Fazil Biy
D) Khwaja Mirhan
  • 10. How did Qianlong respond when asked to interfere in the 1768 Afghan invasion of Badakhshan?
A) He sent an ultimatum to Ahmad Shah
B) He strictly forbade military interference
C) He offered political asylum to Sultan Shah
D) He sent troops to aid Sultan Shah
  • 11. Who was the Qing agent who suggested interfering in the conflict between the Afghans and Badakhshan?
A) Yunggui
B) Emin Khoja
C) Fude
D) Giuseppe Castiglione
  • 12. How did Qianlong feel about the establishment of Sarimsaq in Kunduz?
A) He was supportive
B) He was distraught
C) He was pleased
D) He was indifferent
  • 13. Under what condition did Qianlong state he would fight the Afghans?
A) If they ignored diplomatic protocols
B) If they executed Sultan Shah
C) If they invaded Qing territory
D) If they attacked any tributary
  • 14. What was the final status of Sultan Shah after the Afghan invasion?
A) He was executed
B) He was sent to Beijing
C) He became a Qing vassal
D) He remained the ruler of Badakhshan
  • 15. How did Qianlong view the Afghans after the embassy incident?
A) As a rival power
B) As future allies
C) As mere tributaries
D) As bandits to be ignored
  • 16. What did the Qianlong Emperor order the Solons to stop using?
A) Cannons
B) Swords
C) Horses
D) Rifles
  • 17. What traditional practice did the Qianlong Emperor encourage the Solons to use instead of rifles?
A) Spear fighting
B) Shield training
C) Archery
D) Wrestling
  • 18. What did the Qianlong Emperor offer in exchange for guns turned over to the government?
A) Tax exemptions
B) Land grants
C) Silver taels
D) Official titles
  • 19. According to Emma Jinhua Teng, how did the Ming dynasty view the empire?
A) Clear demarcation between civilized Chinese and barbarians
B) A collection of equal constituent nations
C) A multiethnic state without borders
D) A nomadic confederation
  • 20. What ideology did the Qianlong Emperor emphasize to define the Qing empire?
A) Han Supremacy
B) Isolationist Imperialism
C) Five Nations Under Heaven
D) Mandate of the Heavens
  • 21. Which of these groups was NOT mentioned as one of the Five Nations Under Heaven in the text?
A) Japanese
B) Hui Muslims
C) Han Chinese
D) Tibetans
  • 22. According to Zhao Gang, what term did the Qing Empire use for itself in diplomatic papers?
A) The Manchu Empire
B) The Middle Kingdom of Han
C) China or Zhongguo
D) The Great Ming Successor
  • 23. In what year did the Qianlong Emperor explicitly reject the idea that only Han land could be considered part of China?
A) 1740
B) 1765
C) 1780
D) 1755
  • 24. With which dynasties did the Qianlong Emperor compare his ventures into Central Asia?
A) Qin and Sui
B) Yuan and Jin
C) Han and Tang
D) Ming and Song
  • 25. What is the alternative name for the Garden of Perfect Brightness?
A) Xiyang Lou
B) Mulan
C) Qingyiyuan
D) Yuanmingyuan
  • 26. What is the current name for the Garden of Clear Ripples?
A) Old Summer Palace
B) Garden of Eternal Spring
C) Forbidden City
D) Summer Palace
  • 27. Where did the Qianlong Emperor hold the imperial hunt each year?
A) Turpan
B) Mulan hunting grounds
C) Forbidden City
D) Rehe Province
  • 28. Which Jesuit designed the timed waterworks and fountains?
A) Michel Benoist
B) Jean-Damascène Sallusti
C) Giuseppe Castiglione
D) Jean Denis Attiret
  • 29. What profession did Jean Denis Attiret hold at the Qing court?
A) Engineer
B) Architect
C) Translator
D) Painter
  • 30. Who co-designed the Battle Copper Prints with Castiglione and Sichelbart?
A) Jean-Damascène Sallusti
B) Michel Benoist
C) Jean Denis Attiret
D) Emin Khoja
  • 31. Where was the Emin Minaret built?
A) Rehe
B) The Forbidden City
C) Beijing
D) Turpan
  • 32. What was Zhu Zhilian supposedly paid by the Qing government to do?
A) Design waterworks
B) Build imperial villas
C) Lead the Mongol nobles
D) Perform rituals at the Ming tombs
  • 33. For how many generations was the title passed on in Zhu Zhilian's family?
A) 60 generations
B) 5 generations
C) 3 generations
D) 12 generations
  • 34. What was the personal name of the Qianlong Emperor?
A) Kangxi
B) Jiaqing
C) Hongli
D) Yongzheng
  • 35. In what year did the Qianlong Emperor officially abdicate?
A) 1799
B) 1796
C) 1735
D) 1787
  • 36. Which project did the Qianlong Emperor sponsor as the largest collection of Chinese history?
A) Dayi juemi lu
B) Siku Quanshu
C) Pingding Zhunge'er fanglue
D) Yanpu zaji
  • 37. The Dzungar genocide resulted in the conquest of which region?
A) Burma
B) Nepal
C) Xinjiang
D) Vietnam
  • 38. What title was Qianlong given in Qing Tibet?
A) Emperor Manjushri
B) Khan of Khalkha
C) Emperor Gaozong
D) Prince Bao
  • 39. Which rebellion occurred in 1765 after Uyghur women were gang-raped?
A) Jinchuan rebellion
B) Miao rebellion
C) White Lotus Rebellion
D) Ush rebellion
  • 40. Which country defeated the Qing forces during the 1767–1768 invasion?
A) Russia
B) Afghanistan
C) Vietnam
D) Burma
  • 41. What is the meaning of the era name 'Qianlong'?
A) Heavenly Harmony
B) Golden Prosperity
C) Lasting Eminence
D) Great Peace
  • 42. What action did Qianlong take regarding Zeng Jing in 1736?
A) Appointed him to the Hanlin Academy
B) Ordered his execution
C) Pardoned him
D) Exiled him to Tibet
  • 43. How old was the Qianlong Emperor when he died?
A) 89
B) 87
C) 75
D) 60
  • 44. What did the Qianlong Emperor believe was the basis of the moral character of the Manchus?
A) Tibetan ritual codes
B) Buddhist teachings
C) Confucian philosophy
D) Manchu heritage
  • 45. In what year did the Qianlong Emperor secretly order the compilation of the Shamanic Code?
A) 1785
B) 1800
C) 1749
D) 1747
  • 46. Where was the replica of the Tibetan Potala Palace, known as the Putuo Zongcheng Temple, built?
A) Beijing
B) Chengde
C) Shanghai
D) Lhasa
  • 47. Approximately how many poems are contained in the Qianlong Emperor's collected writings?
A) 40,000
B) 15,000
C) 3,450
D) 1,300
  • 48. How many volumes comprise the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries?
A) 36,000
B) 11,000
C) 40,000
D) 1,300
  • 49. How many copyists were employed for the creation of the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries?
A) 11,000
B) 15,000
C) 3,450
D) 40,000
  • 50. What specific item did the Qianlong Emperor often use to compare with actual landscapes while traveling?
A) Ancient bronzes
B) Landscape paintings
C) Jade carvings
D) Calligraphy scrolls
  • 51. Where is a substantial part of the Qianlong Emperor's ceramics collection currently housed?
A) Hall of Three Rarities
B) The Forbidden City
C) Percival David Foundation
D) Putuo Zongcheng Temple
  • 52. What kind of artistic practice did the Emperor develop for himself regarding his art collection?
A) Restoring faded pigments
B) Adding private diary-like inscriptions
C) Selling surplus works to merchants
D) Trading items with other royals
  • 53. From which dynasty did the calligraphy work 'Timely Clearing After Snowfall' originate?
A) Song dynasty
B) Jin dynasty
C) Qing dynasty
D) Ming dynasty
  • 54. Approximately how many works were listed for total suppression during the Qianlong Emperor's reign?
A) 150,000
B) 2,300
C) 350
D) 3,100
  • 55. How many cases of Literary Inquisition occurred during the Qianlong Emperor's time?
A) 3,100
B) 2,300
C) 350
D) 53
  • 56. Which Buddhist sect did the Qianlong Emperor support to maintain peace among the Mongols?
A) The Yellow Church (Gelug sect)
B) Naqshbandiyya
C) Khafiyya
D) Jahriyya
  • 57. What was the main difference between the Khafiyya and Jahriyya Sufi orders regarding dhikr?
A) Khafiyya practiced silent dhikr, while Jahriyya practiced vocal dhikr
B) Khafiyya supported the Qing, while Jahriyya were foreigners
C) Khafiyya were Buddhist, while Jahriyya were Muslim
D) Khafiyya focused on fasting, while Jahriyya focused on prayer
  • 58. Which official was executed by the Qing in 1781 after a rebellion led by his followers?
A) Chen Hongmou
B) Su Forty-three
C) Ma Mingxin
D) Ma Laichi
  • 59. What new criminal category was designated by the Qing court in the 1770s to arrest Muslims?
A) Sedition
B) Brawling (dou'ou)
C) Treason
D) Heresy
  • 60. Who led the 1784 Jahriyya rebellion?
A) Ma Mingxin
B) Tian Wu
C) Ma Laichi
D) Su Forty-three
  • 61. Which Qing official massacred over 1,000 Hui Muslim women and children during the 1784 uprising?
A) Agui
B) Muhammad Yusuf Khoja
C) Li Shiyao
D) Chen Hongmou
  • 62. What system did the Qianlong Emperor aim to 'Manchu-fy'?
A) The Civil Service system
B) The Imperial Examination system
C) The Eight Banner system
D) The Tributary system
  • 63. Which quality did the Qianlong Emperor consider most important in Han Bannermen?
A) Financial contribution
B) Military prowess
C) Loyalty
D) Literary skill
  • 64. What did the Qianlong Emperor's sponsored biographies depict Ming defectors as?
A) Diplomats
B) Traitors
C) Heroes
D) Martyrs
  • 65. To whom did the Qianlong Emperor refer when he used the term 'Manchu'?
A) Only those of royal descent
B) Only the high-ranking officials
C) Only the original Jurchen tribes
D) All Bannermen
  • 66. What term did Qing laws use instead of 'Manchu'?
A) Bannermen
B) Hanren
C) Nikan
D) Minren
  • 67. In what year did the Qianlong Emperor order the transfer of Tai Nikan and Fusi Nikan into the Manchu banners?
A) 1618
B) 1780
C) 1629
D) 1740
  • 68. What object adorned the cap of the Qianlong Emperor as described in 1793?
A) A jade gemstone
B) A dragon crest
C) A peacock's feather
D) A golden phoenix
  • 69. In his later years, which corrupt official did Qianlong place his trust in?
A) The Kangxi Emperor
B) Heshen
C) The Jiaqing Emperor
D) Yu Minzhong's brother
  • 70. What did the Qing government discover about Heshen's fortune compared to the imperial treasury?
A) It was mostly kept in foreign currency
B) It exceeded the treasury's total surplus
C) It was exactly equal to the annual tax
D) It was less than the cost of one palace
  • 71. In what year was legal trade in the South China Sea resumed?
A) 1757
B) 1727
C) 1755
D) 1793
  • 72. Who headed the 1793 British delegation to present requests to the Qianlong Emperor?
A) Andreas Everardus van Braam Houckgeest
B) Chrétien-Louis-Joseph de Guignes
C) George Macartney
D) Isaac Titsingh
  • 73. Which empire did the Qianlong Emperor's court fear was expanding, leading them to act prudently toward the British?
A) Russia
B) The United States
C) Japan
D) India
  • 74. What event coincided with the second day of Macartney's audience with the Qianlong Emperor?
A) The Spring Festival
B) The 60th anniversary of the reign
C) The emperor's 82nd birthday
D) The Emperor's wedding anniversary
  • 75. Which Dutch emissary arrived at the court in 1795 for the 60th anniversary of the Qianlong Emperor's reign?
A) Andreas Everardus van Braam Houckgeest
B) Stephen Weston
C) George Macartney
D) Isaac Titsingh
  • 76. At what age did the Qianlong Emperor voluntarily abdicate the throne?
A) 80
B) 82
C) 85
D) 61
  • 77. What title did the Qianlong Emperor hold for three years after his abdication?
A) Taishang Huang
B) Crown Prince
C) Imperial Noble Consort
D) Jiaqing Emperor
  • 78. What is the Palace of Tranquil Longevity now more commonly known as?
A) Qianlong Garden
B) Forbidden City
C) Hall of Mental Cultivation
D) Ningshou Palace
  • 79. Who was the 15th son of the Qianlong Emperor who became the Jiaqing Emperor?
A) Yongrong
B) Yongqi
C) Yongyan
D) Yonglian
  • 80. In what year did the Qianlong Emperor die?
A) 1796
B) 1795
C) 1799
D) 1820
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