- 1. Educational psychology is a branch of psychology that is dedicated to understanding how people learn and how different teaching methods can be used to improve learning outcomes. It explores concepts such as motivation, memory, cognitive development, and problem-solving skills to help educators create effective learning environments. Educational psychologists also study the social and emotional factors that influence learning, such as student-teacher relationships, classroom management, and the impact of peer interactions. By applying psychological theories and research findings to educational settings, educational psychologists strive to enhance teaching practices and support the academic success and overall well-being of students.
Which is an example of intrinsic motivation in a classroom setting?
A) A student being praised by the teacher
B) A student completing a project out of personal interest
C) A student wanting to impress their parents
D) A student getting a reward for good behavior
- 2. What is the zone of proximal development according to Vygotsky?
A) A popular educational theory in the 19th century
B) The difference between what a learner can do with help and without help
C) The area of the brain responsible for learning
D) The practice of zoning schools based on development levels
- 3. In behaviorism, what is reinforcement intended to do?
A) Punish undesired behaviors
B) Increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated
C) Encourage cognitive challenges
D) Challenge students to think critically
- 4. Which theorist is known for the stages of moral development?
A) Lev Vygotsky
B) Lawrence Kohlberg
C) Albert Bandura
D) Jean Piaget
- 5. What is the term for adjusting the difficulty of a task to match the individual's abilities?
A) Alignment
B) Scaffolding
C) Zoning
D) Differentiation
- 6. Which cognitive process involves categorizing information by identifying common features?
A) Memory storage
B) Concept formation
C) Decision-making
D) Problem-solving
- 7. What is the term for the ability to understand and regulate one's own emotions?
A) Cognitive development
B) Intellectual superiority
C) Emotional intelligence
D) Behavioral therapy
- 8. What is the primary goal of student-centered learning approaches?
A) Encourage passive learning through lectures
B) Prioritize strict assessment standards
C) To empower students to take ownership of their learning process
D) Facilitate teacher control over the classroom
- 9. According to the Information Processing Model, what role does attention play in memory?
A) Accessing memories when needed
B) Determining what information is processed into memory
C) Storing information long-term
D) Retrieving lost memories
- 10. Which theory emphasizes the importance of observational learning and social behavior?
A) Operant Conditioning
B) Classical Conditioning
C) Social Learning Theory
D) Cognitive Load Theory
- 11. What is the term for the understanding that something continues to exist even when it cannot be seen?
A) Conservation
B) Object permanence
C) Egocentrism
D) Theory of mind
- 12. What term is used to describe the gap between what students already know and what they can learn with support?
A) Cognitive dissonance
B) Zone of proximal development
C) Critical period
D) Learning plateau
- 13. Which concept refers to a person’s belief in their capability to perform a specific task or reach a goal?
A) Self-fulfilling prophecy
B) Self-efficacy
C) Self-regulation
D) Self-actualization
- 14. What is the term for using multiple senses to enhance memory?
A) Multisensory learning
B) Sensory overload
C) Selective attention
D) Monomodal learning
- 15. Which type of reasoning involves solving problems by searching for relevant information?
A) Inductive reasoning
B) Deductive reasoning
C) Analogical reasoning
D) Heuristic reasoning
- 16. What is the purpose of formative assessment in the classroom?
A) To rank students based on performance
B) To provide feedback and monitor student progress
C) To assign final grades
D) To assess students at the end of the semester
- 17. Which learning theory suggests that learning is an active process of creating meaning from experience?
A) Constructivism
B) Humanism
C) Behaviorism
D) Cognitivism
- 18. What does the term 'cognitive load' refer to in educational psychology?
A) The number of students in a classroom
B) The weight of textbooks carried by students
C) The mental effort required to process information
D) The size of the school building
- 19. At what stage of cognitive development do children understand the conservation of volume?
A) Preoperational stage
B) Sensorimotor stage
C) Concrete operational stage
D) Formal operational stage
- 20. What is the term for the concept of rearranging and reconstructing cognitive structures to incorporate new information?
A) Assimilation.
B) Accommodation.
C) Adaptation.
D) Integration.
- 21. In behaviorism, what is the process of learning through reinforcement or punishment?
A) Metacognition
B) Operant Conditioning
C) Cognitive Dissonance
D) Social Learning
- 22. Who is known for the theory of cognitive development in children?
A) Jean Piaget
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Erik Erikson
D) Abraham Maslow
- 23. Who is known for his studies on the effects of rewards and punishments in learning and behavior?
A) Lev Vygotsky
B) Jean Piaget
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Abraham Maslow
- 24. What is the role of schemas in cognitive development according to Piaget?
A) Mechanisms for storing short-term memories
B) Factors that impede learning
C) External rewards that motivate behavior
D) Mental structures that help organize knowledge
- 25. According to Erik Erikson, what is the stage during which adolescents try to find a sense of self and personal identity?
A) Identity vs. Role Confusion
B) Industry vs. Inferiority
C) Intimacy vs. Isolation
D) Generativity vs. Stagnation
- 26. What term refers to the process of thinking about thinking and monitoring one's cognitive processes?
A) Assimilation
B) Metacognition
C) Schema
D) Cognitive Dissonance
- 27. What is the term for the mental process of reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making?
A) Memory
B) Perception
C) Cognition
D) Attention
- 28. What is a commonly used method for assessing student understanding and learning progress?
A) Norm-Referenced Assessment
B) Formative Assessment
C) Authentic Assessment
D) Summative Assessment
- 29. What is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning?
A) Memory
B) Perception
C) Learning
D) Cognition
- 30. What is the term for the mental process of recalling previously learned information?
A) Retrieval
B) Consolidation
C) Elaboration
D) Encoding
- 31. What is the term for a cognitive process that involves comparing new information to existing knowledge?
A) Internalization.
B) Assimilation.
C) Transformation.
D) Accommodation.
- 32. What is the theory that suggests individuals have different preferred learning styles?
A) Zone of Proximal Development Theory
B) Social Learning Theory
C) Schema Theory
D) Multiple Intelligences Theory
- 33. Who introduced the concept of emotional intelligence and its impact on success in life?
A) Philippa Perry
B) David Perkins
C) Martin Seligman
D) Daniel Goleman
- 34. Who is best known for his theory of classical conditioning?
A) Edward Thorndike
B) Erik Erikson
C) Ivan Pavlov
D) Jean Piaget
- 35. What is the term for the mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that people use to solve problems?
A) Cues.
B) Scripts.
C) Heuristics.
D) Algorithms.
- 36. Who is recognized for his contributions to the study of observational learning and self-efficacy?
A) Jerome Bruner
B) Kenneth Clark
C) Edward Thorndike
D) Albert Bandura
- 37. Who proposed the concept of the hierarchy of needs?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Carl Rogers
D) Lev Vygotsky
- 38. Who is recognized for his contributions to social constructivism and the concept of the zone of proximal development?
A) Albert Bandura
B) John Dewey
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Edward Lee Thorndike
- 39. What is the term for the internal process that initiates, sustains, and regulates behavior?
A) Emotion
B) Motivation
C) Arousal
D) Stress
- 40. Who is known for his theory of multiple intelligences?
A) Erik Erikson
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Jean Piaget
D) Howard Gardner
- 41. Who outlined the stages of psychosocial development in humans?
A) Lev Vygotsky
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Jean Piaget
D) Erik Erikson
- 42. According to Abraham Maslow, which needs must be satisfied first before higher-level needs can be addressed?
A) Esteem needs
B) Self-actualization needs
C) Safety needs
D) Physiological needs
- 43. Who is best known for his studies on human memory and the forgetting curve?
A) Kenneth Clark
B) Urie Bronfenbrenner
C) Hermann Ebbinghaus
D) Jerome Bruner
- 44. What is the term for the mental representation of knowledge?
A) Schema
B) Prototype
C) Algorithm
D) Heuristic
- 45. The concept of forming a strong emotional bond at an early age is known as?
A) Parenting
B) Attachment
C) Bonding
D) Socialization
- 46. Which study technique involves breaking down information into smaller parts to aid in understanding and retention?
A) Spacing Effect
B) Elaborative Rehearsal
C) Mnemonic Devices
D) Chunking
- 47. Which type of reinforcement occurs when a behavior is strengthened through the addition of a stimulus after the behavior occurs?
A) Positive reinforcement.
B) Punishment.
C) Extinction.
D) Negative reinforcement.
- 48. Which perspective in educational psychology focuses on the influence of culture on learning?
A) Sociocultural perspective.
B) Biological perspective.
C) Psychoanalytic perspective.
D) Humanistic perspective.
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