- 1. Educational psychology is a branch of psychology that is dedicated to understanding how people learn and how different teaching methods can be used to improve learning outcomes. It explores concepts such as motivation, memory, cognitive development, and problem-solving skills to help educators create effective learning environments. Educational psychologists also study the social and emotional factors that influence learning, such as student-teacher relationships, classroom management, and the impact of peer interactions. By applying psychological theories and research findings to educational settings, educational psychologists strive to enhance teaching practices and support the academic success and overall well-being of students.
Which is an example of intrinsic motivation in a classroom setting?
A) A student wanting to impress their parents
B) A student completing a project out of personal interest
C) A student being praised by the teacher
D) A student getting a reward for good behavior
- 2. What is the zone of proximal development according to Vygotsky?
A) The practice of zoning schools based on development levels
B) The difference between what a learner can do with help and without help
C) A popular educational theory in the 19th century
D) The area of the brain responsible for learning
- 3. In behaviorism, what is reinforcement intended to do?
A) Challenge students to think critically
B) Increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated
C) Encourage cognitive challenges
D) Punish undesired behaviors
- 4. Which theorist is known for the stages of moral development?
A) Albert Bandura
B) Jean Piaget
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) Lev Vygotsky
- 5. What is the term for adjusting the difficulty of a task to match the individual's abilities?
A) Zoning
B) Scaffolding
C) Differentiation
D) Alignment
- 6. Which cognitive process involves categorizing information by identifying common features?
A) Problem-solving
B) Decision-making
C) Concept formation
D) Memory storage
- 7. What is the term for the ability to understand and regulate one's own emotions?
A) Cognitive development
B) Behavioral therapy
C) Emotional intelligence
D) Intellectual superiority
- 8. What is the primary goal of student-centered learning approaches?
A) Prioritize strict assessment standards
B) Facilitate teacher control over the classroom
C) Encourage passive learning through lectures
D) To empower students to take ownership of their learning process
- 9. According to the Information Processing Model, what role does attention play in memory?
A) Accessing memories when needed
B) Storing information long-term
C) Determining what information is processed into memory
D) Retrieving lost memories
- 10. Which theory emphasizes the importance of observational learning and social behavior?
A) Social Learning Theory
B) Operant Conditioning
C) Cognitive Load Theory
D) Classical Conditioning
- 11. What is the term for the understanding that something continues to exist even when it cannot be seen?
A) Conservation
B) Object permanence
C) Egocentrism
D) Theory of mind
- 12. What term is used to describe the gap between what students already know and what they can learn with support?
A) Learning plateau
B) Zone of proximal development
C) Critical period
D) Cognitive dissonance
- 13. Which concept refers to a person’s belief in their capability to perform a specific task or reach a goal?
A) Self-actualization
B) Self-regulation
C) Self-efficacy
D) Self-fulfilling prophecy
- 14. What is the term for using multiple senses to enhance memory?
A) Multisensory learning
B) Monomodal learning
C) Selective attention
D) Sensory overload
- 15. Which type of reasoning involves solving problems by searching for relevant information?
A) Inductive reasoning
B) Deductive reasoning
C) Analogical reasoning
D) Heuristic reasoning
- 16. What is the purpose of formative assessment in the classroom?
A) To rank students based on performance
B) To assign final grades
C) To assess students at the end of the semester
D) To provide feedback and monitor student progress
- 17. Which learning theory suggests that learning is an active process of creating meaning from experience?
A) Cognitivism
B) Humanism
C) Behaviorism
D) Constructivism
- 18. What does the term 'cognitive load' refer to in educational psychology?
A) The number of students in a classroom
B) The mental effort required to process information
C) The size of the school building
D) The weight of textbooks carried by students
- 19. At what stage of cognitive development do children understand the conservation of volume?
A) Formal operational stage
B) Concrete operational stage
C) Preoperational stage
D) Sensorimotor stage
- 20. What is the term for the concept of rearranging and reconstructing cognitive structures to incorporate new information?
A) Adaptation.
B) Assimilation.
C) Integration.
D) Accommodation.
- 21. In behaviorism, what is the process of learning through reinforcement or punishment?
A) Metacognition
B) Cognitive Dissonance
C) Operant Conditioning
D) Social Learning
- 22. Who is known for the theory of cognitive development in children?
A) Lev Vygotsky
B) Jean Piaget
C) Abraham Maslow
D) Erik Erikson
- 23. Who is known for his studies on the effects of rewards and punishments in learning and behavior?
A) B.F. Skinner
B) Jean Piaget
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Abraham Maslow
- 24. What is the role of schemas in cognitive development according to Piaget?
A) Factors that impede learning
B) External rewards that motivate behavior
C) Mechanisms for storing short-term memories
D) Mental structures that help organize knowledge
- 25. According to Erik Erikson, what is the stage during which adolescents try to find a sense of self and personal identity?
A) Generativity vs. Stagnation
B) Intimacy vs. Isolation
C) Industry vs. Inferiority
D) Identity vs. Role Confusion
- 26. What term refers to the process of thinking about thinking and monitoring one's cognitive processes?
A) Metacognition
B) Assimilation
C) Cognitive Dissonance
D) Schema
- 27. What is the term for the mental process of reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making?
A) Perception
B) Attention
C) Cognition
D) Memory
- 28. What is a commonly used method for assessing student understanding and learning progress?
A) Formative Assessment
B) Summative Assessment
C) Authentic Assessment
D) Norm-Referenced Assessment
- 29. What is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning?
A) Memory
B) Cognition
C) Learning
D) Perception
- 30. What is the term for the mental process of recalling previously learned information?
A) Elaboration
B) Retrieval
C) Encoding
D) Consolidation
- 31. What is the term for a cognitive process that involves comparing new information to existing knowledge?
A) Accommodation.
B) Internalization.
C) Transformation.
D) Assimilation.
- 32. What is the theory that suggests individuals have different preferred learning styles?
A) Zone of Proximal Development Theory
B) Social Learning Theory
C) Schema Theory
D) Multiple Intelligences Theory
- 33. Who introduced the concept of emotional intelligence and its impact on success in life?
A) Philippa Perry
B) Daniel Goleman
C) Martin Seligman
D) David Perkins
- 34. Who is best known for his theory of classical conditioning?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Jean Piaget
C) Ivan Pavlov
D) Edward Thorndike
- 35. What is the term for the mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that people use to solve problems?
A) Heuristics.
B) Scripts.
C) Algorithms.
D) Cues.
- 36. Who is recognized for his contributions to the study of observational learning and self-efficacy?
A) Albert Bandura
B) Kenneth Clark
C) Edward Thorndike
D) Jerome Bruner
- 37. Who proposed the concept of the hierarchy of needs?
A) Abraham Maslow
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Carl Rogers
D) Erik Erikson
- 38. Who is recognized for his contributions to social constructivism and the concept of the zone of proximal development?
A) Edward Lee Thorndike
B) Albert Bandura
C) John Dewey
D) Lev Vygotsky
- 39. What is the term for the internal process that initiates, sustains, and regulates behavior?
A) Emotion
B) Arousal
C) Stress
D) Motivation
- 40. Who is known for his theory of multiple intelligences?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Howard Gardner
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Jean Piaget
- 41. Who outlined the stages of psychosocial development in humans?
A) Lev Vygotsky
B) Jean Piaget
C) Erik Erikson
D) Sigmund Freud
- 42. According to Abraham Maslow, which needs must be satisfied first before higher-level needs can be addressed?
A) Physiological needs
B) Safety needs
C) Esteem needs
D) Self-actualization needs
- 43. Who is best known for his studies on human memory and the forgetting curve?
A) Jerome Bruner
B) Hermann Ebbinghaus
C) Kenneth Clark
D) Urie Bronfenbrenner
- 44. What is the term for the mental representation of knowledge?
A) Prototype
B) Schema
C) Heuristic
D) Algorithm
- 45. The concept of forming a strong emotional bond at an early age is known as?
A) Parenting
B) Attachment
C) Bonding
D) Socialization
- 46. Which study technique involves breaking down information into smaller parts to aid in understanding and retention?
A) Elaborative Rehearsal
B) Chunking
C) Spacing Effect
D) Mnemonic Devices
- 47. Which type of reinforcement occurs when a behavior is strengthened through the addition of a stimulus after the behavior occurs?
A) Extinction.
B) Positive reinforcement.
C) Punishment.
D) Negative reinforcement.
- 48. Which perspective in educational psychology focuses on the influence of culture on learning?
A) Psychoanalytic perspective.
B) Humanistic perspective.
C) Sociocultural perspective.
D) Biological perspective.
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