- 1. Biological anthropology is a subfield of anthropology that focuses on the study of the biological aspects of human beings, including their evolution, genetics, physical variations, and primatology. It involves examining how humans have evolved over time, how different populations have adapted to their environments, and how biology intersects with culture and behavior. Biological anthropologists use a variety of scientific techniques, such as DNA analysis and skeletal examinations, to understand the evolutionary history and biological diversity of humans. By studying the physical remains of past populations and comparing them to modern humans, biological anthropologists can reconstruct our evolutionary history and gain insights into the factors that have shaped human biology and diversity.
What is the correct term for the scientific study of primates?
A) Sociobiology
B) Ethnography
C) Genetics
D) Primatology
- 2. Who is considered the 'Father of Biological Anthropology'?
A) Louis Leakey
B) Margaret Mead
C) Claude Lévi-Strauss
D) Franz Boas
- 3. The study of ancient human ancestors and fossil remains is known as ____________.
A) Paleoanthropology
B) Genetic anthropology
C) Ethnography
D) Primate ecology
- 4. In biological anthropology, the study of how biology and culture influence one another is referred to as ____________.
A) Social anthropology
B) Medical anthropology
C) Biocultural anthropology
D) Archaeology
- 5. Non-human primates that primarily eat leaves and rely on a specialized stomach for fermenting plant material are known as ____________.
A) Folivores
B) Gumivores
C) Frugivores
D) Insectivores
- 6. Which type of locomotion is characterized by walking exclusively on two feet?
A) Knuckle-walking
B) Brachiation
C) Bipedalism
D) Quadrupedalism
- 7. Which primates are known for using tools, such as sticks for extracting insects from logs?
A) Gorillas
B) Orangutans
C) Chimpanzees
D) Spider monkeys
- 8. Homo sapiens evolved in Africa around ____________ years ago.
A) 200,000
B) 10,000
C) 1 million
D) 500,000
- 9. Which of the following is not a biological adaptation for bipedalism in hominins?
A) Prehensile tail
B) Foramen magnum position
C) S-shaped spine
D) Valgus knee
- 10. Which early hominin species is known for its robust skull and powerful jaw muscles?
A) Paranthropus boisei
B) Homo neanderthalensis
C) Homo habilis
D) Australopithecus africanus
- 11. Fossils of the hominin species known as 'Lucy' were discovered in which country?
A) Tanzania
B) South Africa
C) Ethiopia
D) Kenya
- 12. Which early hominin is associated with the famous fossil skeleton 'Turkana Boy'?
A) Homo neanderthalensis
B) Homo habilis
C) Homo erectus
D) Australopithecus afarensis
- 13. Where did the earliest members of the genus Homo originate?
A) Asia
B) Australia
C) Africa
D) Europe
- 14. What genetic material is used to trace human evolutionary history?
A) RNA
B) Proteins
C) Carbohydrates
D) DNA
- 15. What is the term for the process of analyzing and interpreting human skeletal remains in forensic cases?
A) Taphonomy
B) Chronology
C) Osteology
D) Ethnography
- 16. Which scientist famously discovered the fossils of 'Lucy' (Australopithecus afarensis)?
A) Mary Leakey
B) Donald Johanson
C) Richard Leakey
D) Louis Leakey
- 17. What is the scientific term for the study of fossilized pollen grains and plant remains?
A) Geochronology
B) Geomorphology
C) Paleobotany
D) Palynology
- 18. Which hominin species is known for using stone tools and was contemporaneous with Homo sapiens?
A) Australopithecus afarensis
B) Homo neanderthalensis
C) Ardipithecus kadabba
D) Paranthropus aethiopicus
- 19. In biological anthropology, what does the term 'hominoid' refer to?
A) A group of primates that includes apes and humans
B) An anthropological research method
C) A tool used in archaeological excavations
D) An extinct hominin species
- 20. What is the field of study that focuses on the genetic diversity and population structure of human groups?
A) Comparative anatomy
B) Population genetics
C) Climate studies
D) Ethnography
- 21. Who is known as the 'father of modern anthropology' and developed the concept of cultural evolution?
A) Bronisław Malinowski
B) Margaret Mead
C) Lewis Henry Morgan
D) Franz Boas
- 22. Which species is considered to be the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees?
A) Ardipithecus ramidus
B) Homo erectus
C) Australopithecus afarensis
D) Sahelanthropus tchadensis
- 23. The ability to digest lactose in adulthood is an example of ____________.
A) Natural selection
B) Mutation
C) Gene-culture coevolution
D) Genetic drift
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