Philosophy of logic - Quiz
A) Ontology B) Metaphysics C) Philosophy of logic D) Epistemology
A) Informal logic B) Deviant logic C) Formal logic D) Metalogic
A) The study of correct reasoning, valid inference, or logical consequence B) The study of human psychology and thought processes C) The study of linguistic conventions and grammar D) The study of historical arguments and debates
A) Dependent on the scientific context of the premises B) Exclusive to informal language and natural discourse C) Independent of the specific subject matter discussed D) Focused only on mathematical subjects
A) Formal logic B) First-order logic C) Extended logic D) Informal logic
A) Logics that accept classical axioms but add new logical vocabulary B) Logics that focus exclusively on non-deductive arguments C) Logics that reject core assumptions of classical logic D) Logics that identify exclusively with first-order logic
A) They extend classical logic with new vocabulary B) They reject core assumptions of classical logic C) They focus only on the study of semantics D) They are identical to first-order logic
A) Deductive is necessarily truth-preserving, while ampliative may introduce new information B) Deductive focuses on context, while ampliative focuses on syntax C) Deductive is always false, while ampliative is always true D) Deductive is always informal, while ampliative is always formal
A) Impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false B) The argument follows the strategic rules of rhetoric C) The conclusion is derived from semantic conventions only D) Possible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false
A) Definitory rules are for premises, while strategic rules are for conclusions B) Definitory rules apply to informal logic, while strategic rules apply to formal logic C) Definitory rules are syntactic, while strategic rules are semantic D) Definitory rules determine validity, while strategic rules govern how to reach a conclusion
A) Logic is based on conventions governing the use of language B) Logic has no basis in reality or truth C) Logic is based on facts with mind-independent existence D) Logic is purely a product of human psychology
A) Based on the laws of physics B) Based on mind-independent facts C) Based on the conventions governing the use of language D) Based on divine revelation
A) The application of logical methods to philosophical problems B) The study of formal system properties like completeness C) The study of historical developments in mathematics D) The study of the nature of logical terms only
A) Commitments associated with the history of philosophy B) Commitments related to the truth of non-deductive arguments C) Commitments associated with singular terms and existential quantifiers D) Commitments related to the psychology of the arguer
A) Modal logic B) First-order logic C) Informal logic D) Deviant logic
A) Astronomy B) Chemistry C) Architecture D) Ontology
A) Social validity B) Empirical reliability C) Completeness D) Logical truth
A) logos B) legein C) logikos D) logon
A) emotion B) reason C) belief D) intuition
A) sociology B) psychology C) logic D) epistemology
A) subject-specificity B) topic-neutrality C) empirical basis D) material content
A) empirical B) normative C) biological D) descriptive
A) argumentation B) observation C) feeling D) intuition
A) only mathematics B) only psychology C) all knowledge D) only linguistics
A) The empirical-inductive approach. B) The linguistic-subjective approach. C) The deductive-theoretic approach. D) The set-theoretic model approach.
A) It relies too heavily on human intuition. B) It is too easy to understand. C) Difficulty in distinguishing formal from non-formal symbols. D) It fails to use any symbols at all.
A) The syntactic-derivation approach. B) The natural language approach. C) The model-theoretic approach. D) The axiomatic-truth approach.
A) One hundred years B) Over two thousand years C) Ten thousand years D) Five hundred years
A) Pluralism B) Monism C) Naturalism D) Formalism
A) Universalism B) Pluralism C) Syllogistics D) Monism
A) Predication B) Existence C) Identity D) Causation
A) Contradictions B) Errors C) Fallacies D) Paradoxes
A) Constant substitution B) Strawman argument C) First-order logic error D) Variable mismatch
A) Ambiguities B) Too much precision C) Strict grammatical rules D) Lack of expressiveness
A) Simplifying complex proofs B) Increasing expressive flexibility C) Replacing all natural language communication D) Reducing the number of formal languages
A) Obligation B) Necessity C) Possibility D) Permission
A) It is only applicable to deontic logic B) It is too simple C) It cannot be expressed in symbolic form D) It seems circular
A) Undefined. B) False. C) Neither. D) Unknown.
A) The liar paradox. B) The pragmatic theory of truth. C) The existence of non-denoting terms. D) Gödel's incompleteness theorems.
A) The analytic-synthetic distinction B) The valid-invalid distinction C) The formal-informal distinction D) The deductive-inductive distinction
A) A statement that is always empirically false B) A statement based on unknown variables C) An analytical truth whose denial implies a contradiction D) A proposition that requires experimentation to verify
A) Willard Van Orman Quine B) Immanuel Kant C) Gottlob Frege D) Bertrand Russell
A) Bachelors B) Wisdom C) If-then D) Rain
A) Propositions are just written sentences. B) Sentences express propositions. C) Propositions express sentences. D) Sentences and propositions are identical.
A) Simple propositions do not have meaning. B) Simple propositions have no subpropositional parts. C) Complex propositions contain other propositions linked by connectives. D) Complex propositions are always true.
A) Probabilistically uncertain B) Scientifically experimental C) Uninformative D) Highly informative
A) Monotonic reasoning B) Formal logic C) Deduction D) Induction
A) Probability B) Form C) Validity D) Truth
A) An anonymous logician B) A famous German philosopher C) The text does not mention an author D) Sandra LaPointe
A) Conventionalism B) Platonism C) Psychologism D) Empiricism
A) Abstract platonic objects B) Psychological laws C) Linguistic conventions D) Objective features of the world
A) Predicates B) Empty sets only C) Individual numbers only D) Material objects only
A) Realism B) Platonism C) Psychologism D) Nominalism
A) Formal psychology B) Arithmetic C) Set theory D) Boolean algebra
A) Logicist arithmetic B) Piagetian logic C) Boolean software D) Metamath
A) No B) Only for arithmetic C) It is undecided D) Yes
A) Metamath B) Piaget logic C) Prover9 D) Boolean logic |
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