- 1. The African National Congress (ANC) is a South African political party and the country’s ruling party since the dawn of democracy in 1994. Founded in 1912, the ANC emerged as a response to the institutionalized racial discrimination of apartheid, which sought to disenfranchise and marginalize the non-white population of South Africa. The ANC has been instrumental in the struggle for civil rights and equality, advocating for non-violent protests and later engaging in armed resistance against the oppressive regime. Under the leadership of prominent figures such as Nelson Mandela, Oliver Tambo, and Walter Sisulu, the ANC galvanized widespread support both domestically and internationally, leading to negotiations that culminated in the end of apartheid and the first multiracial elections in 1994. As a centrist political party, the ANC promotes a platform centered around social justice, economic transformation, and national unity, while also facing challenges such as corruption, governance issues, and internal divisions. The party is deeply rooted in the history of South Africa and continues to play a pivotal role in shaping the nation’s future, as it seeks to address the legacies of past inequalities and to foster inclusive growth and development in a diverse society.
What year was the African National Congress (ANC) founded?
A) 1912
B) 1961
C) 1980
D) 1944
- 2. What was the original name of the African National Congress?
A) South African Native National Congress
B) Native African Alliance
C) African National Party
D) South African Equality League
- 3. Who was the first president of the ANC?
A) Nelson Mandela
B) John Langalibalele Dube
C) Walter Sisulu
D) Oliver Tambo
- 4. In which year did the ANC adopt the Freedom Charter?
A) 1949
B) 1994
C) 1961
D) 1955
- 5. Which major event did the ANC organize in 1960?
A) Soweto Uprising
B) ANC Youth League formation
C) Defiance Campaign
D) Sharpeville Massacre protest
- 6. Who was imprisoned for 27 years and later became ANC president?
A) Nelson Mandela
B) Jacob Zuma
C) Cyril Ramaphosa
D) Oliver Tambo
- 7. What was the ANC's military wing called?
A) Umkhonto we Sizwe
B) Black Consciousness Movement
C) Azanian People's Liberation Army
D) African People's Liberation Army
- 8. What is the main political position of the ANC?
A) Far-left
B) Centre-right
C) Centre-left
D) Far-right
- 9. In which year did South Africa hold its first multiracial elections?
A) 1989
B) 1990
C) 1993
D) 1994
- 10. Which strategy did the ANC use to oppose apartheid from the 1980s?
A) Negotiation only
B) Isolationism
C) Armed conflict only
D) Mass mobilization
- 11. The ANC is a member of which international organization?
A) African Union
B) Commonwealth of Nations
C) Socialist International
D) European Union
- 12. What document outlines the ANC's vision for South Africa?
A) The National Development Plan
B) The Rainbow Nation Report
C) The Constitution
D) The Freedom Charter
- 13. Which South African political party was the main rival of the ANC during apartheid?
A) National Party
B) African Christian Democratic Party
C) Economic Freedom Fighters
D) Democratic Alliance
- 14. What was the impact of the ANC on international relations?
A) Promoted apartheid regimes
B) Advocated for sanctions against apartheid
C) Supported colonial powers
D) Advocated for isolationism
- 15. What year did Nelson Mandela pass away?
A) 2010
B) 2015
C) 2008
D) 2013
- 16. What was the primary goal of the ANC's Defiance Campaign?
A) Strengthen white minority rule
B) Increase military actions
C) Negotiate independence
D) Nonviolent resistance to apartheid laws
- 17. Which law made it illegal for black South Africans to vote?
A) Freedom Charter
B) Natives Act
C) Group Areas Act
D) Bantu Education Act
- 18. What is the ANC's youth organization called?
A) Youth of South Africa
B) South African Youth Federation
C) Young ANC
D) African National Congress Youth League
- 19. Which book did Nelson Mandela write while in prison?
A) No Easy Walk to Freedom
B) A Biography of Nelson Mandela
C) The Struggle is My Life
D) Long Walk to Freedom
- 20. What was Umkhonto we Sizwe?
A) A trade union
B) The armed wing of the ANC
C) A political youth league
D) A women's organization
- 21. Who succeeded Nelson Mandela as ANC president?
A) Cyril Ramaphosa
B) Oliver Tambo
C) Thabo Mbeki
D) Jacob Zuma
- 22. In which city was the ANC headquarters located during the apartheid era?
A) Cape Town
B) Johannesburg
C) Durban
D) Lusaka
- 23. Which economic policy did the ANC implement post-apartheid?
A) Capitalism
B) GEAR (Growth, Employment and Redistribution)
C) Socialism
D) NEPAD (New Partnership for Africa's Development)
- 24. Which international body condemned apartheid in South Africa?
A) World Trade Organization
B) Commonwealth of Nations
C) United Nations
D) African Union
- 25. Which critical trial occurred in 1964 involving ANC leaders?
A) The Trial of the Generals
B) The Rivonia Trial
C) The Freedom Trial
D) The Cape Town Conspiracy
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