Catalysts
  • 1. Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. They lower the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, allowing it to proceed more rapidly or at a lower temperature. Catalysts work by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction to take place, resulting in the formation of products more efficiently. They are essential in many industrial processes, such as in the production of fuels, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, as they help to enhance reaction rates and efficiency while reducing energy consumption and waste generation. Overall, catalysts play a crucial role in accelerating reactions and improving the sustainability of chemical processes.

    What is a catalyst?
A) A substance that decreases the rate of a chemical reaction.
B) A substance that stops a chemical reaction from occurring.
C) A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
D) A substance that reacts with another substance to form a new compound.
  • 2. What is an enzyme in biological systems?
A) A biological catalyst
B) A neurotransmitter
C) A structural protein
D) A lipid molecule
  • 3. What is the role of a promoter in catalysis?
A) To enhance the catalytic activity of a catalyst
B) To replace the catalyst in a reaction
C) To inhibit the catalytic activity of a catalyst
D) To change the chemical nature of the catalyst
  • 4. What is the major advantage of using catalysts in chemical reactions?
A) Making the reactions more hazardous
B) Increasing the production cost
C) Lowering the activation energy and increasing reaction rates
D) Causing more waste to be generated
  • 5. How do solid catalysts differ from homogeneous catalysts?
A) Solid catalysts are never used in industrial processes
B) Solid catalysts have a higher reaction selectivity
C) Solid catalysts are always less efficient than homogeneous catalysts
D) Solid catalysts are typically easier to separate from the reaction mixture
  • 6. Which of the following factors can influence the effectiveness of a catalyst?
A) Temperature of the surrounding environment
B) Surface area of the catalyst
C) Color of the catalyst
D) Vessel size in which the reaction takes place
  • 7. What is the purpose of a catalytic converter in a car exhaust system?
A) To produce more greenhouse gases
B) To increase engine power
C) To reduce harmful emissions by converting them into less harmful substances
D) To increase the fuel efficiency of the engine
  • 8. What does 'autocatalysis' refer to in a chemical reaction?
A) When a byproduct of a reaction poisons the catalyst
B) When a product of a reaction acts as a catalyst for that reaction
C) When a catalyst is deactivated by the reaction mixture
D) When a reactant of a reaction accelerates the reaction
  • 9. What is a common example of an organic catalyst?
A) Enzymes
B) Carbon nanotubes
C) Magnesium oxide
D) Silver
  • 10. What is meant by the term 'selectivity' in catalysis?
A) The speed at which a catalyst degrades
B) The ease of recycling the catalyst
C) The ability of a catalyst to promote one specific reaction pathway over others
D) The cost of the catalyst used in a reaction
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