- 1. Which literary approach centers on the character's motivations, behavior and
A) Reader-response criticism
B) Psychological criticism
C) Biographical criticism
D) Gender criticism
- 2. Which of the following questions will a response critic ask when using a reader-
A) What does the work suggest about the psychological aspects of the author?
B) How does the interaction between the text and the reader create meaning?
C) What are dominant metaphors and imagery and what do they symbolize?
D) What language/characters/events/setting reflect the current events, political and cultural, of the author's time period?
- 3. In mythological approach, representations of characters are presented. What are these presentations called?
A) Images
B) Archetypes
C) Stereotypes
D) Symbols
- 4. Which approach looks into the style and tone of the author?
A) Gender criticism
B) Psychological criticism
C) Biographical criticism
D) Formalism
- 5. In which literary approach does the history behind the text or its author biography NOT contribute to the text's theme or content?
A) Psychological criticism
B) Formalism
C) Biographical criticism
D) Gender criticism
- 6. Which approach focuses on man's relationship with others in society, politics religion, and business?
A) Biographical criticism
B) Psychological criticism
C) New Historicism
D) Sociological criticism
- 7. Which of the following approaches aims to determine if there is a Christ-like figure in the text?
A) Sociological criticism
B) Psychological criticism
C) Biographical criticism
D) Mythological criticism
- 8. Which of the following approaches is used if a reader critic wants to find out i names used in a story are significant?
A) Biographical criticism
B) Psychological criticism
C) Sociological criticism
D) Mythological criticism
- 9. Which approach is used if a reader critic wants to see if a text affirms or challenges traditional views of women?
A) Biographical criticism
B) Psychological criticism
C) Formalism
D) Gender criticism
- 10. In studying texts, which of the following provides general guidelines to help the audience analyze, deconstruct, interpret and evaluate?
A) Deconstructionism
B) Literary approaches
C) Archetypes
D) Literary
- 11. Which approach focuses on ways texts reflect, reinforce, or of class, power relations and social roles?
A) Sociological criticism
B) Mythological criticism
C) Psychological criticism
D) Biographical criticism
- 12. Which of the following questions is asked when a formalist approach is applied?
A) How do various elements of the work reinforce its meaning? hor's
B) How does it reflect the time in which it was written?
C) What behaviors of characters determine the way they think?
D) What aspects of the author's personal life are relevant to this story?
- 13. Which of the following device/s is/ are used or considered in a psychological approach for literary criticism?
A) Theories
B) Technology
C) Timeline
D) Tone
- 14. Which of the following questions is asked when a psychological approach is applied in literary criticism?
A) How do economic conditions determine the direction of the characters' lives?
B) Which behaviors of the characters are conscious ones?
C) What figures of speech are used?
D) How accurately does the story depict the time in which it is set?
- 15. Which of the following questions can be asked when a sociological approach is applied in literary criticism?
A) How do the images of women in the story reflect patriarchal social forces that have impeded women's efforts to achieve full equality with men
B) What is the relationship between the characters and their society?
C) How does the work reflect the unconscious dimensions of the writer's mind?
D) How does this story resemble other stories' plot, character, setting, or symbolism?
- 16. Which critical approach focuses on how Western culture's (mis) representative of third-world countries and peoples in stories, myths, and stereotypical ima encourages repression and domination?
A) Cultural criticism
B) Historical criticism
C) Post-colonial criticism
D) New historicism
- 17. Which literary approach investigates whether the writer challenges or supports values of his/her contemporaries?
A) Biographical criticism
B) Sociological criticism
C) Mythological criticism
D) Psychological criticism
- 18. Which literary approach investigates the writer's diction to reveal or reflect the meaning of the work?
A) Psychological criticism
B) Mythological criticism
C) Formalism
D) Biographical criticism
- 19. Which of the following approaches rejects the traditional assumption that language can accurately represent reality?
A) Deconstructionism
B) Biographical criticism
C) Formalism
D) Mythological criticism
- 20. Which literary approach allows the critic readers to determine how elements work together with the text's content to shape its effects upon readers?
A) Biographical criticism
B) Formalism
C) Mythological criticism
D) Deconstructionism
- 21. Which of the following approaches was used to question why none of the characters in Shakespeare's play Othello ever challenged the right of a husband to murder a wife accused of adultery?
A) Formalism
B) Gender criticism
C) Psychological criticism
D) Biographical criticism
- 22. Which of the following approaches DOES NOT include elements that are relevant to the author's experiences?
A) Sociological criticism
B) Biographical criticism
C) Historical Criticism
D) Formalism
- 23. Which literary approach includes archetypes as its key concept?
A) Mythological criticism
B) Deconstructionism
C) Formalism
D) Biographical criticism
- 24. Which of the following questions is used for philosophical approach in literary criticism?
A) According to this work's view of life, what is mankind's relationship twith God?
B) What is the effect of the plot, and what parts specifically produce that effect?
C) What do the characters' emotions and behaviors reveal about their psychological states?
D) How is the work's structure unified?
- 25. Which of the following approaches looks into what the work says about the nature of good and evil?
A) Mythological criticism
B) Deconstructionism
C) Biographical criticism
D) Philosophical criticism
- 26. Who of the following was NOT an ancient Phoenician deity?
A) Jupiter
B) Baalat
C) Moloch
D) Astarte
- 27. In Greek mythology, Pan is the god of the wild. In which region of Greece was he first worshipped?
A) Thessaly
B) Arcadia
C) Sparta
D) Boeotia
- 28. Who of the following Norse gods is also known as the Raven God?
A) Frigg
B) Thor
C) Odin
D) Loki
- 29. Which of the following is NOT true about folklore?
A) It is the result of the emerging culture.
B) It refers to the tales people tell.
C) It has well-known authors.
D) It is typically passed down by word of mouth.
- 30. According to the famous philosopher G.K. Chesterton, which of the following the importance of folklore to children?
A) They give the child the idea of pain, loss, emptiness and death.
B) They give the child the idea of the evil and the ugly.
C) They give the child the idea of the dominance of despair in a real-life scenario.
D) They give the child the first clear idea of the possible defeat of evil.
- 31. Some modern movies have characters reflecting the original mythologi characters. Which technique is used by these movies?
A) Apostrophe
B) Symbolism
C) Allusion
D) Metaphor
- 32. Which of the following does the archetype of Zeus represent as the most power ruler of Olympus?
A) Evil
B) Gender Equality
C) Justice system
D) Patriarchal society
- 33. Which of the following stories depicts the dualism, "monster-slayer"?
A) A Thousand and One Nights
B) Mouse Bride
C) Beowulf
D) Aladdin
- 34. Which of the following is NOT true about legends?
A) Robin Hood, a very popular English piece, is an example of a legend.
B) A legend is a kind of folklore.
C) Legends have exaggerated and distorted truths in them
D) Legend as a traditional story is regarded as historical and authenticated.
- 35. The story of Jonah and the Whale comes from the Old Testament. What can b inferred as to the kind of literary text this story is?
A) Legend
B) Folklore
C) Mythology
D) Folk music
- 36. Which of the following should be considered in writing a folklore?
A) None of the above - folklore has no author, so you cannot write it yourself.
B) Structure the story properly.
C) Write only folklore, never myths.
D) Make sure that the protagonist is relatable.
- 37. In Egyptian mythology, to whom is the goddess Isis married?
A) Ma'at
B) Nut
C) Osiris
D) Ra
- 38. Which of the following is NOT an Egyptian god?
A) Ra
B) Amun
C) Buddha
D) Anubis
- 39. According to American folklore, who dug out the Grand Canyon?
A) Paul Bunyan
B) Johnny Appleseed
C) Pecos Bill
D) Richard Hammond
- 40. Which of the following mythological places is the destination of dead ancient Norse heroes?
A) Val d'Aosta
B) Valhalla
C) Valmont
D) Valkyrie
- 41. Which of the following served as the early religion, science and literature of ancient people?
A) Mythology
B) Folklore
C) Legends
D) Parables
- 42. Which of the following does Hephaestus, the Greek god of blacksmiths and fire, represent?
A) Beauty of Olympia
B) Wisdom of the gods
C) Corruption of humans
D) Lameness of humans
- 43. Which of the following does NOT belong together?
A) Minerva and Athena
B) Vesta and Hestia
C) Juno and Artemis
D) Mercury and Hermes
- 44. Which of the following is TRUE about Greek mythology?
A) There were twelve Titans.
B) Amalthea cared for baby Hermis.
C) Gaea was the wife of Cronus
D) Uranus was Father Earth.
- 45. Which is the BEST reason why Ares was an unpopular god?
A) Guided people down to Hades
B) Was vain and cruel
C) Made the seasons change from summer to winter
D) Caused tidal waves
- 46. Which of the following did Odysseus do after seeing his father in the orchard?
A) He decided to interrogate him.
B) He sent his companion ahead with a gift of gold.
C) He immediately began to tell him of his adventures.
D) He ran forward and kissed him
- 47. "Do you not see what a man I am, how huge, how splendid and born of a gres father and the mother who bore me immortal?" (XXI: 108-109) This excerpt from The Iliad was spoken by whom?
A) Hektor
B) Lykaon
C) Patroklos
D) Achilleus
- 48. Who of the following characters led the Argonauts in search of the Golden Fleece
A) Joseph
B) Theseus
C) Odysseus
D) Jason
- 49. Who of the following Greek characters traveled to the land of the dead in order to find his wife?
A) Orpheus
B) Hades
C) Demosthenes
D) Narcissus
- 50. Which of the following fruits is associated with the mythological figure Persephone?
A) Apricot
B) Banana
C) Apple
D) Pomegranate
- 51. What is the main purpose of incarnation in Hindu tradition?
A) To kill all demons and spirits
B) To chase materialism or the Artha
C) To demonstrate dharma or righteous path on earth
D) To commit kama or the sensual pleasure
- 52. In Chinese literature, which is considered as the source of learnings and values of the Chinese propagated by Confucius?
A) Buddhism
B) Confucianism
C) Catholicism
D) Taoism
- 53. From the Bhagavad Gita, which Hinduism principle is conveyed in the line, "Curving back within myself, I create again and again."
A) Dharma
B) Nirvana
C) Samsara
D) Karma
- 54. Which of the following BEST describes the epigram from Lao-tse's Book of Tao? "To be chief among the people, One must speak like their inferior. To be the foremost among the people, One must walk behind them."
A) Sublimation
B) Humility
C) Oppression
D) Charity
- 55. What does Confucius mean by "learning without thought is labor lost" From The Analects of Confucius?
A) Learning is useless without schooling.
B) Learning is an investment for work.
C) Learning is accurate without applying.
D) Learning is useless if it's not thought through.
- 56. Which is TRUE about the recurring themes of Matsuo Basho's haiku? Real poetry leads
A) to a beautiful life with nature
B) life with urbanized settings
C) life with supernatural beings
D) a mystified life with gods and goddesses
- 57. What is regarded as the Universal spirit as the soul and the original source of the universe?
A) Dharma
B) Purusha
C) Kama
D) Artha
- 58. Which describes the characteristics of the Japanese poetry below? The old man of the temple, Splitting wood In the winter moonlight. (Trans. R. H. Blyth)
A) Complicated and brief
B) Long and complicated
C) Long and clever
D) Brief and clever
- 59. Which of the following is TRUE about the Indian Caste System?
A) Caste allows social movement.
B) Marriage exists in caste.
C) It is fixed by birth.
D) Humanity is ranked or organized by their spiritual purity by innate spiritual purity.
- 60. What term is used for the natural process of birth, death, and rebirth in Hindu tradition?
A) Tamaskarmas
B) Rajas
C) Reincarnation
D) Immortalization
- 61. In Ferdinand Oyono's The Houseboy, Toundi left his parents because of maltreatment to enlist his services as acolyte to a foreign missionary. Which is TRUE about Toundi and most main characters in Africa? Men leave their homes in pursuit of _______.
A) self-discovery
B) modernized knowledge
C) broken chains from their family
D) godly/ humanly service to mankind
- 62. Which is TRUE about Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe? It depicts Africa's situation before the _____.
A) British's colonization
B) Indian's colonization
C) American's colonization
D) Japanese's colonization
- 63. Which of the following is an allusion to Elliot's The Journey of the Magi: "We returned to our places, these kingdoms, But no longer at ease here, in the old dispensation."
A) No Longer at Ease
B) The River Between
C) Heirs to the Past
D) Things Fall Apart
- 64. What is the recurring theme of Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe and The Poor Christ of Bombay by Mongo Beti?
A) Abandonment
B) Racial Prejudice
C) Contemporary ethics
D) Colonialism
- 65. Which is the dominating story of most African literature? People's struggle to cope ______.
A) with the civilization of Africa
B) or oppose with their homelands' changing atmosphere
C) with the scarcity of resources
D) or oppose with fixed marriage
- 66. 66-68. Train Journey by Dennis Brutus Along the miles of steel that span my land threadbare children stand knees ostrich bulbous on their reedy legs, their empty hungry hands lifted as if in a prayer.
What does "miles of steel/ than span my land" mean?
A) Strength of the people
B) Progressive and civilized areas of the land
C) Ruling leaders of the land
D) Existence of train in the land
- 67. What does the poem Train Journey by Dennis Brutus mean?
A) Poverty amidst industrial progress
B) Scarcity of industrial materials for the train
C) Children's survival from hunger
D) Scarcity of food for the children
- 68. What does the "ostrich" symbolize based on the poem Train Journey by Dennis Brutus?
A) Victims
B) Workers
C) Developers
D) Children
- 69. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of modern Japanese literature?
A) Belief that the world is what we say it is
B) Oppression and submission to colonizers
C) Strong and intentional break with the traditions and group-oriented values
D) Individual championship based on inner strength
- 70. Which of the following is TRUE about Philippine pre-colonial texts?
I. Most pre-colonial literary texts occurred in religious settings.
II. It revolves around Filipinos' illiteracy.
III. Death is used as subjects for narratives.
A) I only
B) I,II and III
C) II only
D) III only
- 71. What is the central idea of the lines from the poem The Day on the Farm By Luis G. Dato?
"Your smiles have died and there is no replying
To all endearment and my gifts are vain;
Come with me, love, you are too old for crying,
The church bells ring and I hear drops of rain."
A) Impermanence of life
B) Destruction of beauty
C) Cruelty of love
D) Rejection of love
- 72. What atmosphere is created in this poem?
Blossoms on the pear;
And a woman in the moonlight
Reads a letter there... by YosaBuson
A) Exhaustion
B) Extravagance
C) Dullness
D) Romance
- 73. What does this excerpt reveal about Vicente's character?
"The man's arms tightened suddenly about the little girl until the little girl squirmed out of his arms, and laughed a little breathlessly, disturbed but innocent, looking at the man with a smiling little question of puzzlement.
-From Magnificence by Estrella D. Alfon
A) Goal-Oriented
B) Concern
C) Persistent
D) Malicious
- 74. "There was nothing to fear, for the man was always so gentle, so kind." What literary device is utilized in this line from Magnificence by Estrella D. Alfon?
A) Foreshadowing
B) Flashback
C) Symbolism
D) En medias res
- 75. John Bunyan's Korean Fiction, The Pilgrim's Progress, is an extended metaphor of faith journey of a Christian believer. What literary technique is used in this fiction?
A) Symbolism
B) Allegory
C) Allusion
D) Euphemism
- 76. Why is Bhagavad Gita regarded essential in India?
A) It is a search for serenity, calmness and permanence in a world of rapid change
B) It is a person's discovery of social identity crisis.
C) It unravels Buddha's teachings.
D) It unlocks mysteries of Indian history.
- 77. Which is regarded as hymns divinely inspired or "heard" directly from the gode
A) Jihad
B) Bahrain
C) Hieratic
D) Rigveda
- 78. Scheherazade saves her life by telling a series of interesting stories to King Schahriah. What specific literary piece is described?
A) Al-Hamasa
B) Talmud
C) One Thousand and One Nights
D) The Pilgrim Progress
- 79. "I was a lamprey cel in a former life," Scheherazade said once, as they lay bed together. It was a simple, straightforward comment, as offhand as if she hue announced that the North Pole was in the far north." Which belief is described in this excerpt from Scheherazade?
A) Incarnation
B) Dharma
C) Karma
D) Moksha
- 80. Which universal issue is depicted in this excerpt from Telephone Conversation by Wole Soyinka? "ARE YOU DARK? OR VERY LIGHT?" Revelation came. "You mean--like plain or milk chocolate?" Her assent was clinical, crushing in its light Impersonality."
A) Gender discrimination
B) Unknown patronage
C) Racial prejudice
D) Identity crisis
- 81. What is the first successful short story in Philippine English?
A) Footnote to Youth
B) Summer Solstice
C) Dead Stars
D) The Cask of Amontillado
- 82. Which of the following is TRUE about Philippine pre-colonial literature?
A) It shows the atrocities done by the colonizers of the Philippines.
B) It is paralleled to the culture of the early communities.
C) It reflects the Christian perspective of early Filipinos.
D) It is embedded with critical essays and nationalistic writings.
- 83. Which of the following is a product of pre-colonial literature?
A) Critical Essays
B) Mimetic Dances
C) Doctrina Christiana
D) Literature and Society
- 84. Which of the following is the influence of Spanish colonization in Philippine literature?
A) English language
B) Education
C) Religion
D) Indigenous dances
- 85. Which of the following shows the evolution of literature during the Spanish colonization?
A) Folk songs and folk narratives
B) Texts from the regions
C) Nationalistic writing
D) Writing workshops here and abroad
- 86. Which of the following is a product of American colonization in literature?
A) Critical Essays
B) Novena
C) Nationalistic writing
D) Dirge
- 87. Which of the following is NOT a literary form during American colonization?
A) Cultural Songs
B) Critical Essays
C) Texts from the Regions
D) Mobile Theater
- 88. Which of the following reflects American influence in literature?
A) Short stories in Philippine English
B) Atrocities written through poems throughout history
C) Songs depicting the daily lives of people
D) Nationalistic writings because of colonizers
- 89. Which of the following is NOT a pre-colonial literature?
A) Pandanggo sa Illaw
B) Bugtong
C) Mambayu
D) Pandidiwata
- 90. Who of the following is NOT a national artist in literature?
A) Lino Brocka
B) Jose Garcia Villa
C) Cirilo Bautista
D) Bienvenido Lumbera
- 91. In the passage, which of the following BEST describes the speaker's attitude towards his father?
"I was, perhaps, a bit tougher on him than I was on the others. Hadn't he been tougher on me than on other people's kids growing up? I gave him a hard, honest, low C. About what I felt he'd always given me.
-A Gentleman's C, Padgett Powell
A) He understands that giving him a low mark would help him to better in the latter part.
B) He believes that reciprocating his father's treatment in his childhood years is just.
C) He thinks his father deserves a "C" based on his academic performance.
D) He finds his father supportive during his childhood years.
- 92. What is the recurring motif of literary texts during the Romantic Movement in England?
A) Human folly
B) Rural Sceneries
C) Voyage
D) Superstitions
- 93. In the literary text, "Doctor Faustus" by Christopher Marlowe, Doctor Faustus submits himself to the devil while God patiently waits for his repentance until it is too late. What compelling truth does this show about humanity? Humans consistently embrace sins _________.
A) and live life at its finest
B) and intentionally forget its effect
C) as a trap for eternal damnation
D) and successfully get the desired effect
- 94. Which of the following is the resounding theme of contemporary stories like "We Ate the Children Last" by Yann Martel?
A) Contentment in recurring systems
B) Alienation from the recurring system
C) Respect for Human rights
D) Hypocrisy in created systems
- 95. What atmosphere do these lines create? "The grave's a fine and private place, But none, I think, do there embrace.
A) Warmth
B) Solitude
C) Peacefulness
D) Apprehension
- 96. What does the poem below imply about love?
Well now, you forget me
If little by little you stop loving me do not look for me
I shall stop loving you little by little for I shall already have forgotten you
If suddenly-By Pablo Nerudo
A) Dismal
B) Pessimistic
C) Mournful
D) Moving on
- 97. What do the following lines exhort?
Sundays, too, my father got up early
And put his clothes on in the blueback cold,
then with cracked hands that ached
from labor in the weekday weather made
banked fires blaze. No one ever thanked him.
-an excerpt from "Those Winter Sundays" by Robert Hayden
A) A father's continuous support with unrequited appreciation
B) A father's selfless effort to provide for his family
C) A father's stubbornness to work up until Sunday
D) A father's passion to work for himself
- 98. Which of the following is NOT a convention of romantic literature?
A) Religious themes
B) Pastoral Life
C) Individuality
D) Supernatural Elements
- 99. What does the "ring" symbolize in these lines from The Lord of the Rings b J.R.R. Tolkien?
"One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them,
One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them."
A) The ring represents desire of goodness.
B) The ring represents inner source of combat.
C) The ring represents ultimate power.
D) The ring represents destruction.
- 100. When I behold the violet past prime,
And sable curls all silvered o'er with white,
When lofty trees I see barren of leaves" -William Shakespeare's Sonnet 12
What do these images represent?
A) Passage of time
B) Waste of time
C) Lost track of time
D) Speed of time
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