- 1. Which literary approach centers on the character's motivations, behavior and
A) Psychological criticism
B) Gender criticism
C) Reader-response criticism
D) Biographical criticism
- 2. Which of the following questions will a response critic ask when using a reader-
A) How does the interaction between the text and the reader create meaning?
B) What does the work suggest about the psychological aspects of the author?
C) What are dominant metaphors and imagery and what do they symbolize?
D) What language/characters/events/setting reflect the current events, political and cultural, of the author's time period?
- 3. In mythological approach, representations of characters are presented. What are these presentations called?
A) Archetypes
B) Stereotypes
C) Symbols
D) Images
- 4. Which approach looks into the style and tone of the author?
A) Biographical criticism
B) Psychological criticism
C) Gender criticism
D) Formalism
- 5. In which literary approach does the history behind the text or its author biography NOT contribute to the text's theme or content?
A) Psychological criticism
B) Biographical criticism
C) Gender criticism
D) Formalism
- 6. Which approach focuses on man's relationship with others in society, politics religion, and business?
A) Psychological criticism
B) Sociological criticism
C) New Historicism
D) Biographical criticism
- 7. Which of the following approaches aims to determine if there is a Christ-like figure in the text?
A) Psychological criticism
B) Sociological criticism
C) Biographical criticism
D) Mythological criticism
- 8. Which of the following approaches is used if a reader critic wants to find out i names used in a story are significant?
A) Sociological criticism
B) Mythological criticism
C) Psychological criticism
D) Biographical criticism
- 9. Which approach is used if a reader critic wants to see if a text affirms or challenges traditional views of women?
A) Formalism
B) Psychological criticism
C) Gender criticism
D) Biographical criticism
- 10. In studying texts, which of the following provides general guidelines to help the audience analyze, deconstruct, interpret and evaluate?
A) Archetypes
B) Deconstructionism
C) Literary
D) Literary approaches
- 11. Which approach focuses on ways texts reflect, reinforce, or of class, power relations and social roles?
A) Mythological criticism
B) Sociological criticism
C) Psychological criticism
D) Biographical criticism
- 12. Which of the following questions is asked when a formalist approach is applied?
A) How do various elements of the work reinforce its meaning? hor's
B) How does it reflect the time in which it was written?
C) What aspects of the author's personal life are relevant to this story?
D) What behaviors of characters determine the way they think?
- 13. Which of the following device/s is/ are used or considered in a psychological approach for literary criticism?
A) Tone
B) Technology
C) Timeline
D) Theories
- 14. Which of the following questions is asked when a psychological approach is applied in literary criticism?
A) How do economic conditions determine the direction of the characters' lives?
B) What figures of speech are used?
C) How accurately does the story depict the time in which it is set?
D) Which behaviors of the characters are conscious ones?
- 15. Which of the following questions can be asked when a sociological approach is applied in literary criticism?
A) How does the work reflect the unconscious dimensions of the writer's mind?
B) How do the images of women in the story reflect patriarchal social forces that have impeded women's efforts to achieve full equality with men
C) How does this story resemble other stories' plot, character, setting, or symbolism?
D) What is the relationship between the characters and their society?
- 16. Which critical approach focuses on how Western culture's (mis) representative of third-world countries and peoples in stories, myths, and stereotypical ima encourages repression and domination?
A) Cultural criticism
B) Historical criticism
C) New historicism
D) Post-colonial criticism
- 17. Which literary approach investigates whether the writer challenges or supports values of his/her contemporaries?
A) Sociological criticism
B) Mythological criticism
C) Biographical criticism
D) Psychological criticism
- 18. Which literary approach investigates the writer's diction to reveal or reflect the meaning of the work?
A) Mythological criticism
B) Biographical criticism
C) Formalism
D) Psychological criticism
- 19. Which of the following approaches rejects the traditional assumption that language can accurately represent reality?
A) Mythological criticism
B) Formalism
C) Biographical criticism
D) Deconstructionism
- 20. Which literary approach allows the critic readers to determine how elements work together with the text's content to shape its effects upon readers?
A) Mythological criticism
B) Deconstructionism
C) Formalism
D) Biographical criticism
- 21. Which of the following approaches was used to question why none of the characters in Shakespeare's play Othello ever challenged the right of a husband to murder a wife accused of adultery?
A) Gender criticism
B) Formalism
C) Biographical criticism
D) Psychological criticism
- 22. Which of the following approaches DOES NOT include elements that are relevant to the author's experiences?
A) Formalism
B) Biographical criticism
C) Sociological criticism
D) Historical Criticism
- 23. Which literary approach includes archetypes as its key concept?
A) Biographical criticism
B) Mythological criticism
C) Formalism
D) Deconstructionism
- 24. Which of the following questions is used for philosophical approach in literary criticism?
A) What do the characters' emotions and behaviors reveal about their psychological states?
B) What is the effect of the plot, and what parts specifically produce that effect?
C) According to this work's view of life, what is mankind's relationship twith God?
D) How is the work's structure unified?
- 25. Which of the following approaches looks into what the work says about the nature of good and evil?
A) Biographical criticism
B) Mythological criticism
C) Deconstructionism
D) Philosophical criticism
- 26. Who of the following was NOT an ancient Phoenician deity?
A) Astarte
B) Baalat
C) Moloch
D) Jupiter
- 27. In Greek mythology, Pan is the god of the wild. In which region of Greece was he first worshipped?
A) Arcadia
B) Thessaly
C) Boeotia
D) Sparta
- 28. Who of the following Norse gods is also known as the Raven God?
A) Odin
B) Loki
C) Frigg
D) Thor
- 29. Which of the following is NOT true about folklore?
A) It refers to the tales people tell.
B) It is the result of the emerging culture.
C) It is typically passed down by word of mouth.
D) It has well-known authors.
- 30. According to the famous philosopher G.K. Chesterton, which of the following the importance of folklore to children?
A) They give the child the idea of the evil and the ugly.
B) They give the child the idea of pain, loss, emptiness and death.
C) They give the child the first clear idea of the possible defeat of evil.
D) They give the child the idea of the dominance of despair in a real-life scenario.
- 31. Some modern movies have characters reflecting the original mythologi characters. Which technique is used by these movies?
A) Metaphor
B) Apostrophe
C) Allusion
D) Symbolism
- 32. Which of the following does the archetype of Zeus represent as the most power ruler of Olympus?
A) Patriarchal society
B) Gender Equality
C) Evil
D) Justice system
- 33. Which of the following stories depicts the dualism, "monster-slayer"?
A) Mouse Bride
B) A Thousand and One Nights
C) Beowulf
D) Aladdin
- 34. Which of the following is NOT true about legends?
A) Legend as a traditional story is regarded as historical and authenticated.
B) Robin Hood, a very popular English piece, is an example of a legend.
C) A legend is a kind of folklore.
D) Legends have exaggerated and distorted truths in them
- 35. The story of Jonah and the Whale comes from the Old Testament. What can b inferred as to the kind of literary text this story is?
A) Mythology
B) Legend
C) Folklore
D) Folk music
- 36. Which of the following should be considered in writing a folklore?
A) Write only folklore, never myths.
B) None of the above - folklore has no author, so you cannot write it yourself.
C) Structure the story properly.
D) Make sure that the protagonist is relatable.
- 37. In Egyptian mythology, to whom is the goddess Isis married?
A) Ra
B) Nut
C) Ma'at
D) Osiris
- 38. Which of the following is NOT an Egyptian god?
A) Anubis
B) Amun
C) Ra
D) Buddha
- 39. According to American folklore, who dug out the Grand Canyon?
A) Johnny Appleseed
B) Pecos Bill
C) Richard Hammond
D) Paul Bunyan
- 40. Which of the following mythological places is the destination of dead ancient Norse heroes?
A) Valmont
B) Valhalla
C) Val d'Aosta
D) Valkyrie
- 41. Which of the following served as the early religion, science and literature of ancient people?
A) Folklore
B) Parables
C) Legends
D) Mythology
- 42. Which of the following does Hephaestus, the Greek god of blacksmiths and fire, represent?
A) Wisdom of the gods
B) Lameness of humans
C) Beauty of Olympia
D) Corruption of humans
- 43. Which of the following does NOT belong together?
A) Mercury and Hermes
B) Juno and Artemis
C) Vesta and Hestia
D) Minerva and Athena
- 44. Which of the following is TRUE about Greek mythology?
A) Gaea was the wife of Cronus
B) Amalthea cared for baby Hermis.
C) There were twelve Titans.
D) Uranus was Father Earth.
- 45. Which is the BEST reason why Ares was an unpopular god?
A) Made the seasons change from summer to winter
B) Caused tidal waves
C) Was vain and cruel
D) Guided people down to Hades
- 46. Which of the following did Odysseus do after seeing his father in the orchard?
A) He sent his companion ahead with a gift of gold.
B) He decided to interrogate him.
C) He immediately began to tell him of his adventures.
D) He ran forward and kissed him
- 47. "Do you not see what a man I am, how huge, how splendid and born of a gres father and the mother who bore me immortal?" (XXI: 108-109) This excerpt from The Iliad was spoken by whom?
A) Hektor
B) Lykaon
C) Achilleus
D) Patroklos
- 48. Who of the following characters led the Argonauts in search of the Golden Fleece
A) Theseus
B) Odysseus
C) Jason
D) Joseph
- 49. Who of the following Greek characters traveled to the land of the dead in order to find his wife?
A) Hades
B) Orpheus
C) Demosthenes
D) Narcissus
- 50. Which of the following fruits is associated with the mythological figure Persephone?
A) Apple
B) Banana
C) Pomegranate
D) Apricot
- 51. What is the main purpose of incarnation in Hindu tradition?
A) To commit kama or the sensual pleasure
B) To demonstrate dharma or righteous path on earth
C) To chase materialism or the Artha
D) To kill all demons and spirits
- 52. In Chinese literature, which is considered as the source of learnings and values of the Chinese propagated by Confucius?
A) Catholicism
B) Taoism
C) Confucianism
D) Buddhism
- 53. From the Bhagavad Gita, which Hinduism principle is conveyed in the line, "Curving back within myself, I create again and again."
A) Dharma
B) Samsara
C) Karma
D) Nirvana
- 54. Which of the following BEST describes the epigram from Lao-tse's Book of Tao? "To be chief among the people, One must speak like their inferior. To be the foremost among the people, One must walk behind them."
A) Humility
B) Charity
C) Sublimation
D) Oppression
- 55. What does Confucius mean by "learning without thought is labor lost" From The Analects of Confucius?
A) Learning is useless without schooling.
B) Learning is an investment for work.
C) Learning is useless if it's not thought through.
D) Learning is accurate without applying.
- 56. Which is TRUE about the recurring themes of Matsuo Basho's haiku? Real poetry leads
A) a mystified life with gods and goddesses
B) life with supernatural beings
C) to a beautiful life with nature
D) life with urbanized settings
- 57. What is regarded as the Universal spirit as the soul and the original source of the universe?
A) Dharma
B) Kama
C) Artha
D) Purusha
- 58. Which describes the characteristics of the Japanese poetry below? The old man of the temple, Splitting wood In the winter moonlight. (Trans. R. H. Blyth)
A) Brief and clever
B) Long and clever
C) Complicated and brief
D) Long and complicated
- 59. Which of the following is TRUE about the Indian Caste System?
A) Humanity is ranked or organized by their spiritual purity by innate spiritual purity.
B) It is fixed by birth.
C) Caste allows social movement.
D) Marriage exists in caste.
- 60. What term is used for the natural process of birth, death, and rebirth in Hindu tradition?
A) Immortalization
B) Rajas
C) Tamaskarmas
D) Reincarnation
- 61. In Ferdinand Oyono's The Houseboy, Toundi left his parents because of maltreatment to enlist his services as acolyte to a foreign missionary. Which is TRUE about Toundi and most main characters in Africa? Men leave their homes in pursuit of _______.
A) godly/ humanly service to mankind
B) self-discovery
C) broken chains from their family
D) modernized knowledge
- 62. Which is TRUE about Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe? It depicts Africa's situation before the _____.
A) American's colonization
B) Indian's colonization
C) British's colonization
D) Japanese's colonization
- 63. Which of the following is an allusion to Elliot's The Journey of the Magi: "We returned to our places, these kingdoms, But no longer at ease here, in the old dispensation."
A) Things Fall Apart
B) No Longer at Ease
C) The River Between
D) Heirs to the Past
- 64. What is the recurring theme of Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe and The Poor Christ of Bombay by Mongo Beti?
A) Colonialism
B) Abandonment
C) Contemporary ethics
D) Racial Prejudice
- 65. Which is the dominating story of most African literature? People's struggle to cope ______.
A) with the scarcity of resources
B) or oppose with fixed marriage
C) or oppose with their homelands' changing atmosphere
D) with the civilization of Africa
- 66. 66-68. Train Journey by Dennis Brutus Along the miles of steel that span my land threadbare children stand knees ostrich bulbous on their reedy legs, their empty hungry hands lifted as if in a prayer.
What does "miles of steel/ than span my land" mean?
A) Existence of train in the land
B) Ruling leaders of the land
C) Strength of the people
D) Progressive and civilized areas of the land
- 67. What does the poem Train Journey by Dennis Brutus mean?
A) Poverty amidst industrial progress
B) Scarcity of food for the children
C) Scarcity of industrial materials for the train
D) Children's survival from hunger
- 68. What does the "ostrich" symbolize based on the poem Train Journey by Dennis Brutus?
A) Victims
B) Developers
C) Children
D) Workers
- 69. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of modern Japanese literature?
A) Belief that the world is what we say it is
B) Individual championship based on inner strength
C) Strong and intentional break with the traditions and group-oriented values
D) Oppression and submission to colonizers
- 70. Which of the following is TRUE about Philippine pre-colonial texts?
I. Most pre-colonial literary texts occurred in religious settings.
II. It revolves around Filipinos' illiteracy.
III. Death is used as subjects for narratives.
A) II only
B) I only
C) I,II and III
D) III only
- 71. What is the central idea of the lines from the poem The Day on the Farm By Luis G. Dato?
"Your smiles have died and there is no replying
To all endearment and my gifts are vain;
Come with me, love, you are too old for crying,
The church bells ring and I hear drops of rain."
A) Cruelty of love
B) Rejection of love
C) Destruction of beauty
D) Impermanence of life
- 72. What atmosphere is created in this poem?
Blossoms on the pear;
And a woman in the moonlight
Reads a letter there... by YosaBuson
A) Exhaustion
B) Romance
C) Extravagance
D) Dullness
- 73. What does this excerpt reveal about Vicente's character?
"The man's arms tightened suddenly about the little girl until the little girl squirmed out of his arms, and laughed a little breathlessly, disturbed but innocent, looking at the man with a smiling little question of puzzlement.
-From Magnificence by Estrella D. Alfon
A) Concern
B) Goal-Oriented
C) Persistent
D) Malicious
- 74. "There was nothing to fear, for the man was always so gentle, so kind." What literary device is utilized in this line from Magnificence by Estrella D. Alfon?
A) Symbolism
B) Foreshadowing
C) En medias res
D) Flashback
- 75. John Bunyan's Korean Fiction, The Pilgrim's Progress, is an extended metaphor of faith journey of a Christian believer. What literary technique is used in this fiction?
A) Symbolism
B) Allusion
C) Allegory
D) Euphemism
- 76. Why is Bhagavad Gita regarded essential in India?
A) It is a search for serenity, calmness and permanence in a world of rapid change
B) It is a person's discovery of social identity crisis.
C) It unlocks mysteries of Indian history.
D) It unravels Buddha's teachings.
- 77. Which is regarded as hymns divinely inspired or "heard" directly from the gode
A) Hieratic
B) Rigveda
C) Bahrain
D) Jihad
- 78. Scheherazade saves her life by telling a series of interesting stories to King Schahriah. What specific literary piece is described?
A) Al-Hamasa
B) The Pilgrim Progress
C) Talmud
D) One Thousand and One Nights
- 79. "I was a lamprey cel in a former life," Scheherazade said once, as they lay bed together. It was a simple, straightforward comment, as offhand as if she hue announced that the North Pole was in the far north." Which belief is described in this excerpt from Scheherazade?
A) Karma
B) Dharma
C) Moksha
D) Incarnation
- 80. Which universal issue is depicted in this excerpt from Telephone Conversation by Wole Soyinka? "ARE YOU DARK? OR VERY LIGHT?" Revelation came. "You mean--like plain or milk chocolate?" Her assent was clinical, crushing in its light Impersonality."
A) Racial prejudice
B) Unknown patronage
C) Identity crisis
D) Gender discrimination
- 81. What is the first successful short story in Philippine English?
A) The Cask of Amontillado
B) Dead Stars
C) Summer Solstice
D) Footnote to Youth
- 82. Which of the following is TRUE about Philippine pre-colonial literature?
A) It is paralleled to the culture of the early communities.
B) It is embedded with critical essays and nationalistic writings.
C) It reflects the Christian perspective of early Filipinos.
D) It shows the atrocities done by the colonizers of the Philippines.
- 83. Which of the following is a product of pre-colonial literature?
A) Literature and Society
B) Critical Essays
C) Doctrina Christiana
D) Mimetic Dances
- 84. Which of the following is the influence of Spanish colonization in Philippine literature?
A) Religion
B) English language
C) Indigenous dances
D) Education
- 85. Which of the following shows the evolution of literature during the Spanish colonization?
A) Nationalistic writing
B) Texts from the regions
C) Writing workshops here and abroad
D) Folk songs and folk narratives
- 86. Which of the following is a product of American colonization in literature?
A) Critical Essays
B) Novena
C) Nationalistic writing
D) Dirge
- 87. Which of the following is NOT a literary form during American colonization?
A) Critical Essays
B) Cultural Songs
C) Mobile Theater
D) Texts from the Regions
- 88. Which of the following reflects American influence in literature?
A) Atrocities written through poems throughout history
B) Songs depicting the daily lives of people
C) Nationalistic writings because of colonizers
D) Short stories in Philippine English
- 89. Which of the following is NOT a pre-colonial literature?
A) Mambayu
B) Bugtong
C) Pandanggo sa Illaw
D) Pandidiwata
- 90. Who of the following is NOT a national artist in literature?
A) Lino Brocka
B) Jose Garcia Villa
C) Bienvenido Lumbera
D) Cirilo Bautista
- 91. In the passage, which of the following BEST describes the speaker's attitude towards his father?
"I was, perhaps, a bit tougher on him than I was on the others. Hadn't he been tougher on me than on other people's kids growing up? I gave him a hard, honest, low C. About what I felt he'd always given me.
-A Gentleman's C, Padgett Powell
A) He finds his father supportive during his childhood years.
B) He thinks his father deserves a "C" based on his academic performance.
C) He understands that giving him a low mark would help him to better in the latter part.
D) He believes that reciprocating his father's treatment in his childhood years is just.
- 92. What is the recurring motif of literary texts during the Romantic Movement in England?
A) Superstitions
B) Voyage
C) Rural Sceneries
D) Human folly
- 93. In the literary text, "Doctor Faustus" by Christopher Marlowe, Doctor Faustus submits himself to the devil while God patiently waits for his repentance until it is too late. What compelling truth does this show about humanity? Humans consistently embrace sins _________.
A) and live life at its finest
B) as a trap for eternal damnation
C) and successfully get the desired effect
D) and intentionally forget its effect
- 94. Which of the following is the resounding theme of contemporary stories like "We Ate the Children Last" by Yann Martel?
A) Contentment in recurring systems
B) Alienation from the recurring system
C) Hypocrisy in created systems
D) Respect for Human rights
- 95. What atmosphere do these lines create? "The grave's a fine and private place, But none, I think, do there embrace.
A) Solitude
B) Peacefulness
C) Warmth
D) Apprehension
- 96. What does the poem below imply about love?
Well now, you forget me
If little by little you stop loving me do not look for me
I shall stop loving you little by little for I shall already have forgotten you
If suddenly-By Pablo Nerudo
A) Dismal
B) Moving on
C) Mournful
D) Pessimistic
- 97. What do the following lines exhort?
Sundays, too, my father got up early
And put his clothes on in the blueback cold,
then with cracked hands that ached
from labor in the weekday weather made
banked fires blaze. No one ever thanked him.
-an excerpt from "Those Winter Sundays" by Robert Hayden
A) A father's passion to work for himself
B) A father's selfless effort to provide for his family
C) A father's continuous support with unrequited appreciation
D) A father's stubbornness to work up until Sunday
- 98. Which of the following is NOT a convention of romantic literature?
A) Individuality
B) Religious themes
C) Supernatural Elements
D) Pastoral Life
- 99. What does the "ring" symbolize in these lines from The Lord of the Rings b J.R.R. Tolkien?
"One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them,
One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them."
A) The ring represents ultimate power.
B) The ring represents inner source of combat.
C) The ring represents desire of goodness.
D) The ring represents destruction.
- 100. When I behold the violet past prime,
And sable curls all silvered o'er with white,
When lofty trees I see barren of leaves" -William Shakespeare's Sonnet 12
What do these images represent?
A) Lost track of time
B) Passage of time
C) Waste of time
D) Speed of time
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