A) Marxist criticism
B) New Criticism
C) Postmodernism
D) Romanticism

A) Writing with deliberate ambiguity
B) Using too many literary devices
C) Judging a poem by the author's intended meaning
D) Making intentional spelling errors

A) As irrelevant to modern poetry
B) As integral to the poem's meaning and effect
C) As more important than imagery
D) As an optional decorative element

A) Failing to affect readers emotionally
B) Using affective language excessively
C) Judging a poem by its emotional effect on readers
D) Writing without emotional content

A) As merely humorous device
B) As inappropriate for serious poetry
C) As essential for complexity and depth
D) As a sign of authorial confusion

A) As a source of richness and complexity
B) As evidence of poor editing
C) As necessary for all good poetry
D) As a flaw in composition

A) It works well with New Criticism
B) It is essential for understanding poetry
C) It should replace close reading
D) It distracts from the poem itself

A) One that conveys a clear moral message
B) One that is emotionally uplifting
C) One where all elements work together organically
D) One with perfect rhyme and meter

A) As meaningful organization of experience
B) As arbitrary formal requirement
C) As secondary to thematic content
D) As identical to prose structure

A) Poetry should convey factual truth
B) Poetry creates its own complex truth
C) Poetry has no relation to truth
D) Poetry reveals absolute truths

A) Conflict
B) Paradox
C) Irony
D) Dissonance

A) Form serves content
B) Content determines form
C) They are independent
D) They are inseparable

A) Mood
B) Theme
C) Tone
D) Voice

A) A direct representation of an idea
B) A recurring motif
C) A decorative element
D) An image that suggests multiple meanings