Natural Selection Summative 2022

1. ______________is a pattern of gradual change in the condition of something over time.

A) Trend
B) Resources
C) Competition
D) Trait
E) Chickens

2. _________is described as any condition that may influence the availability of resources (including weather, water temperature, predation, etc)

A) Natural Selection
B) Environmental Pressures
C) population
D) probability
E) resources

3. The number of individuals in any given area is known as the ___ .

A) reproduction
B) Unagi
C) population
D) competition
E) variation

4. The difference between individual organisms within a population in terms of how they look/behave is known as ______.

A) Trend
B) Trait
C) Variation
D) population.
E) probability

5. An interaction that occurs among organisms whenever two or more organisms require the same limited resource is called________.

A) Environmental Pressure
B) variation
C) competition
D) Population
E) Natural Selection

6. Which of the following statements best describes what will most likely occur to the moth populations in the image below?

A) The light moths will be captured by predators more easily than the dark moths, and the population of dark moths will rise.
B) The light moths will be captured by predators more easily than the dark moths, and the population of light moths will rise.
C) None of the answers listed
D) The dark moths will be captured by predators more easily than the light moths, and the dark moths will probably go extinct.
E) The light moths will change their wing color to match that of the dark moths.

7. READ THE TABLE CAREFULLY: What is the most likely explanation of the data shown below?

A) The moths are living in an environment with dark trees.
B) The population of natural predators of the moths has gotten smaller.
C) All of the answers listed
D) The moths are living in an environment with light trees.
E) There has been a drought in the area that is affecting all life forms.

8. READ THE GRAPHS CAREFULLY: The pair of population graphs below display the results of two different five-year hunting cycles, one on light trees and one on dark trees. The population of light-colored moths is shown by the light gray dots, and the population of dark moths is shown by the dark gray dots. How do these results demonstrate natural selection?

A) All of the answers listed
B) On light trees, individual moths tried to become lighter in color to match the tree background. On dark trees, individual moths tried to become darker in color.
C) The moths that were the same color as their background were more likely to survive and reproduce. Over time, the populations of these well-adapted moths increased.
D) Small particles of tree bark became embedded in the moth’s wings, causing the moths to become darker on the dark trees and lighter on the light trees. These acquired traits were then passed down to the next generation of moths, causing the populations to change color over time.
E) The moth populations shown here demonstrate random fluctuations over time that are not explained by tree color.

9. Suppose a certain species of insect lives in the lush green canopy (top of the trees) of the rain forest. Some of the insects are bright green in color, and some are bright yellow. Assume there is a natural predator of the insect in the area. What do you expect to happen to the populations of the green and the yellow insects over time?

A) The green insect population will decrease and the yellow insect population will increase.
B) The green insect population will increase and the yellow insect population will decrease.
C) Both insect populations will increase over time.
D) None of the answers listed
E) Both insect populations will remain constant over time.

10. Natural selection can be observed in predator populations as well as on prey. Let's suppose that over time, a forest's trees became covered in light colored lichen (making all of the trees lighter) and the proportion of light moths increased to nearly 100%. (0% dark moths) What will most likely happen to predator populations?

A) Bird populations will decrease, at least for a while.
B) Birds may change hunting strategies or seek other sources of food.
C) None of the answer listed
D) Over time, birds with better eyesight will become more common.
E) All of the answers listed

11. Biological evolution is the process by which populations of organisms change over time. How could natural selection lead to evolution?

A) Natural Selection only works over a few years and a species can't change all that much.
B) Over many generations, physical adaptations that are found to be helpful/ are passed on will become "normal" on organisms that survive. These traits get passed on, natural selection continues, and over time, based on traits that are helpful, this process changes how that species looks and acts.
C) Biological Evolution does not work through natural selection but rather on whole new species being born all at once.
D) Biological Evolution only changes organisms that die off.
E) None of the answers....and none of your business. OK, this one is not the answer.

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