- 1. Babylon, one of the most iconic and historically significant cities of the ancient world, was established by the Chaldeans around the 18th century BCE and later rose to prominence as the capital of the Babylonian Empire. Nestled along the banks of the Euphrates River in present-day Iraq, Babylon was not only a political and administrative center but also a hub of culture, commerce, and innovation. The Chaldeans, a Semitic-speaking people, played a crucial role in the city’s elevation, bringing advances in astronomy, mathematics, and writing. During the reign of King Nebuchadnezzar II, from 605 to 562 BCE, Babylon reached its zenith, marked by the construction of grand structures such as the famous Hanging Gardens, which are listed among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, although their actual existence remains a subject of debate. The city's impressive walls, adorned with vibrant blue glazed bricks and captivating mosaics, symbolized its might and beauty. Babylon became a melting pot of ideas, where scholars translated and compiled knowledge, significantly impacting Mesopotamian society and beyond. The legacy of Babylon established by the Chaldeans continues to resonate through history, influencing various aspects of science, law, and theology in civilizations that followed.
Who established Babylon?
A) Chaldeans
B) Assyrians
C) Greeks
D) Persians
- 2. Which famous king ruled Babylon during the 6th century BCE?
A) Darius the Great
B) Nebuchadnezzar II
C) Cyrus the Great
D) Alexander the Great
- 3. What was the primary language spoken in Babylon?
A) Sumerian
B) Akkadian
C) Latin
D) Greek
- 4. Who famously conquered Babylon in 539 BCE?
A) Darius the Great
B) Nebuchadnezzar II
C) Cyrus the Great
D) Alexander the Great
- 5. What significant code of laws was established by the Babylonian king Hammurabi?
A) Justinian Code
B) Code of Hammurabi
C) Magna Carta
D) Ten Commandments
- 6. Which ancient river ran near Babylon?
A) Indus River
B) Nile River
C) Tigris River
D) Euphrates River
- 7. What was the Babylonian system of writing called?
A) Hieroglyphics
B) Runes
C) Alphabet
D) Cuneiform
- 8. Which Mesopotamian deity was associated with Babylon?
A) Anu
B) Enlil
C) Ishtar
D) Marduk
- 9. What was the primary occupation of many Babylonians?
A) Agriculture
B) Trade
C) Mining
D) Fishing
- 10. Which Greek historian wrote about the conquest of Babylon by Alexander the Great?
A) Herodotus
B) Thucydides
C) Xenophon
D) Arrian
- 11. What economic system was prevalent in ancient Babylon?
A) Feudal system
B) Barter system
C) Currency system
D) Socialist system
- 12. Babylon was strategically located near which region known for its natural resources?
A) Indus Valley
B) Anatolia
C) Mesopotamia
D) Arabian Peninsula
- 13. Which famous mathematical theorem is attributed to a Babylonian tablet?
A) Pythagorean theorem
B) Sine and cosine rule
C) Pascal's triangle
D) Fermat's Last Theorem
- 14. In what form did the Babylonians typically keep records and accounts?
A) Metal plates
B) Wax tablets
C) Clay tablets
D) Papyrus scrolls
- 15. Which ancient kingdom was a rival to Babylon in Mesopotamia?
A) Mitanni
B) Assyria
C) Sumer
D) Persia
- 16. Who was the father of Nebuchadnezzar II?
A) Hammurabi
B) Cyrus the Great
C) Ashurbanipal
D) Nabopolassar
- 17. What famous structure was used as a symbol for Babylon in the Bible?
A) Stonehenge
B) Colossus of Rhodes
C) Tower of Babel
D) Pyramid of Giza
- 18. What was the primary crop grown in the fertile lands near Babylon?
A) Barley
B) Corn
C) Rice
D) Wheat
- 19. What was the function of the Babylonian ziggurats?
A) Military fortresses
B) Religious temples
C) Marketplaces
D) Government offices
- 20. What was the capital city of the Chaldean empire?
A) Nineveh
B) Eridu
C) Ur
D) Babylon
- 21. What famous structure was built in Babylon under Nebuchadnezzar II?
A) Hanging Gardens
B) Colossus of Rhodes
C) Great Pyramid of Giza
D) Temple of Artemis
- 22. What was the primary economic activity in Babylon?
A) Mining
B) Farming
C) Trade
D) Construction
- 23. Who was the last king of Babylon under the Chaldeans?
A) Nabonidus
B) Evil-Merodach
C) Nergal-sharezer
D) Belshazzar
- 24. Where is the ancient city of Babylon located?
A) Greece
B) Iraq
C) China
D) Egypt
- 25. What was the religious center of Babylon called?
A) Oracle
B) Esagila
C) Pantheon
D) Synagogue
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