Quantum Computing and Its Impact on Cryptography

1. What is a qubit?

A) A type of encryption algorithm.
B) A software language for quantum programming.
C) A basic unit of quantum information.
D) A classical bit used in regular computing.

2. How does quantum superposition differ from classical superposition?

A) Classical superposition is more stable.
B) Quantum superposition allows qubits to be in multiple states simultaneously.
C) Quantum superposition only applies to photon states.
D) Classical superposition involves physical waves.

3. Which classical public-key encryption algorithm is vulnerable to quantum attacks?

A) SHA-256
B) Diffie-Hellman
C) AES
D) RSA

4. How does quantum key distribution (QKD) ensure secure communication?

A) By using classical encryption algorithms with quantum networks.
B) By relying on hardware-based encryption solutions.
C) By continuously changing encryption keys at a fast pace.
D) By leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics for key exchange.

5. What is the term for a quantum computer's ability to perform many calculations simultaneously?

A) Quantum superposition
B) Quantum interference
C) Quantum parallelism
D) Quantum entanglement

6. What is post-quantum cryptography?

A) Cryptography designed to be secure against quantum attacks.
B) Cryptography that runs on quantum networks.
C) Cryptography that only quantum computers can decrypt.
D) Cryptography used after a successful quantum encryption.

7. What is the theoretical advantage of quantum computers over classical ones in terms of solving certain problems?

A) Better at solving purely mathematical problems.
B) Exponential speedup for some algorithms.
C) Faster at processing large datasets.
D) Linear speedup for all algorithms.

8. Which quantum algorithm is used for searching unsorted databases faster than classical algorithms?

A) Deutsch's algorithm
B) Grover's algorithm
C) Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm
D) Shor's algorithm

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