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Examination_Biology_SS1_3rd_Term
  • 1. The basis of growth in living organisms is best described as a permanent, irreversible increase in
A) fresh weight, cell number and cell shape
B) dry weight, cell number and cell size
C) dry weight, cell size and cell shape only
D) fresh weight, cell number and cell size only
  • 2. Which region of a growing root tip shows the fastest rate of increase in length?
A) Root cap
B) Region of elongation
C) Region of cell division
D) Region of maturation
  • 3. The zone of a dicotyledonous root in which cells increase mainly in length but not in number is the zone of
A) differentiation
B) maturation
C) division
D) elongation
  • 4. In flowering plants, the hormone primarily responsible for cell elongation and phototropic curvature is
A) cytokinin
B) gibberellin
C) auxin
D) ethylene
  • 5. A plant hormone that breaks seed dormancy and stimulates stem elongation, especially in dwarf varieties, is
A) abscisic acid
B) auxin
C) gibberellin
D) cytokinin
  • 6. Which hormone promotes cell division and delays the senescence (ageing) of leaves?
A) Auxin
B) Ethylene
C) Gibberellin
D) Cytokinin
  • 7. The plant hormone mainly associated with fruit ripening and leaf abscission is
A) gibberellin
B) ethylene
C) auxin
D) cytokinin
  • 8. A plant growth hormone that induces stomatal closure during periods of water stress is
A) cytokinin
B) abscisic acid
C) auxin
D) gibberellin
  • 9. The growth movement of a plant organ in response to the direction of light is called
A) phototaxis
B) photoperiodism
C) photonasty
D) phototropism
  • 10. The downward growth of the radicle of a germinating seed in response to gravity illustrates
A) negative hydrotropism
B) negative geotropism
C) positive phototropism
D) positive geotropism
  • 11. The growth of plant roots towards a source of water in the soil is termed
A) positive geotropism
B) positive chemotropism
C) positive hydrotropism
D) negative hydrotropism
  • 12. A growth response in which a plant organ grows away from the direction of a stimulus is described as
A) negative tropism
B) diageotropism
C) positive tropism
D) plagiotropism
  • 13. The growth of pollen tubes towards the ovule in response to chemical substances is an example of
A) thigmotropism
B) hydrotropism
C) chemotropism
D) geotropism
  • 14. The coiling of tendrils around a support in response to contact is known as
A) hydrotropism
B) phototropism
C) chemotropism
D) thigmotropism
  • 15. The region of a root tip where cells actively divide by mitosis to produce new cells is the
A) region of maturation
B) meristematic region
C) root cap region
D) region of elongation
  • 16. The process by which newly formed cells become structurally and functionally specialised for particular tasks is called
A) maturation
B) differentiation
C) elongation
D) division
  • 17. In a dicotyledonous stem, the increase in girth (diameter) resulting from the activity of the vascular cambium is known as
A) secondary growth
B) apical growth
C) intercalary growth
D) primary growth
  • 18. Growth in length of the stem and root, resulting from the activity of apical meristems, is referred to as
A) secondary growth
B) intercalary growth
C) lateral growth
D) primary growth
  • 19. The tissue responsible for secondary growth that gives rise to new xylem and phloem in woody dicot stems is the
A) apical meristem
B) cork cambium
C) intercalary meristem
D) vascular cambium
  • 20. Which of the following represents the correct sequence of developmental zones from the tip of a growing root?
A) Meristematic zone, root cap, zone of maturation, zone of elongation
B) Zone of maturation, zone of elongation, meristematic zone, root cap
C) Root cap, zone of elongation, meristematic zone, zone of maturation
D) Root cap, meristematic zone, zone of elongation, zone of maturation
  • 21. Hair-like structures that beat rhythmically to move fluid or propel an organism, as found in Paramecium, are called
A) cilia
B) villi
C) flagella
D) pseudopodia
  • 22. A long, whip-like structure used for locomotion by organisms such as Euglena and sperm cells is the
A) contractile vacuole
B) flagellum
C) pseudopodium
D) cilium
  • 23. Which of the following is a major structural difference between cilia and flagella?
A) Cilia occur only in plants while flagella occur only in animals
B) Cilia lack microtubules while flagella possess them
C) Cilia are shorter and more numerous than flagella
D) Cilia are longer and fewer than flagella
  • 24. The streaming movement of cytoplasm within a plant cell, which aids the distribution of nutrients and organelles, is called
A) cyclosis
B) diffusion
C) plasmolysis
D) osmosis
  • 25. Cyclosis in a plant cell is best described as the movement of
A) chromosomes during cell division
B) the entire cell from one place to another
C) water molecules across the cell membrane
D) cytoplasm around the cell along a fairly fixed pathway
  • 26. Which organelle provides most of the energy (ATP) required for the beating of cilia and flagella?
A) Ribosome
B) Mitochondrion
C) Lysosome
D) Golgi apparatus
  • 27. The coordinated beating of cilia lining the human respiratory tract functions mainly to
A) warm incoming air before it reaches the lungs
B) absorb oxygen into the blood
C) produce mucus for lubrication
D) sweep out mucus, dust and microorganisms
  • 28. The type of cell division that produces two daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell is
A) budding
B) mitosis
C) binary fission
D) meiosis
  • 29. The type of cell division that halves the chromosome number and produces genetically varied gametes is
A) mitosis
B) meiosis
C) amitosis
D) fragmentation
  • 30. A method of asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms such as Amoeba, in which the parent cell splits into two equal daughter cells, is called
A) sporulation
B) budding
C) binary fission
D) conjugation
  • 31. Photosynthesis may correctly be defined as the process by which
A) plants absorb mineral salts from the soil for growth
B) green plants manufacture carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water using light energy trapped by chlorophyll
C) plants convert stored starch into glucose for immediate use
D) green plants break down carbohydrates to release energy using oxygen
  • 32. The raw materials required for photosynthesis to take place are
A) oxygen and water
B) oxygen and glucose
C) carbon dioxide and water
D) carbon dioxide and glucose
  • 33. The stage of photosynthesis during which water is split (photolysis), releasing oxygen and hydrogen, is the
A) light stage
B) Krebs cycle
C) dark stage
D) glycolysis stage
  • 34. The stage of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide is fixed and reduced to form carbohydrates, and which does not directly require light, is the
A) photolysis stage
B) light stage
C) photophosphorylation stage
D) dark stage
  • 35. The pigment primarily responsible for trapping light energy for use in photosynthesis is
A) anthocyanin
B) chlorophyll
C) carotene
D) xanthophyll
  • 36. Which combination of conditions is essential for photosynthesis to occur at an appreciable rate?
A) Low carbon dioxide concentration, high temperature and darkness
B) Darkness, low temperature and absence of carbon dioxide
C) Adequate light intensity, suitable temperature and available carbon dioxide
D) High humidity, absence of chlorophyll and low light intensity
  • 37. When testing a leaf for starch, it is first boiled in water and then in alcohol mainly to
A) dissolve the starch present in the leaf
B) kill the leaf cells and stop respiration
C) destroy the cuticle covering the leaf
D) remove chlorophyll and soften the leaf so that iodine can penetrate it
  • 38. In an experiment where a leaf is partially covered with black paper before being exposed to light and later tested with iodine, the covered part
A) turns blue-black just as the uncovered part does
B) turns blue-black while the uncovered part remains brown
C) remains unaffected along with the uncovered part
D) remains unaffected (brown) while the uncovered part turns blue-black, showing that light is necessary for starch formation
  • 39. The gas evolved during photosynthesis, which can be collected and identified using a glowing splint, is
A) nitrogen
B) oxygen
C) hydrogen
D) carbon dioxide
  • 40. In an experiment using an aquatic plant such as Elodea placed in water under light, the rate of photosynthesis can be estimated by counting
A) the amount of starch accumulated in the leaves
B) the number of bubbles of oxygen given off per unit time
C) the volume of water absorbed by the plant
D) the number of bubbles of carbon dioxide given off per unit time
  • 41. Which of the following provides valid evidence that photosynthesis has occurred in a leaf?
A) A positive starch test shown by a blue-black colouration with iodine solution
B) Wilting of the leaf when exposed to sunlight
C) A colour change of the leaf from green to yellow
D) A positive test for reducing sugar with Benedict's solution
  • 42. Mineral elements required by plants in relatively large quantities for normal growth are known as
A) macronutrients
B) micronutrients
C) vitamins
D) trace elements
  • 43. Elements such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron and molybdenum, required by plants only in minute quantities, are collectively called
A) organic nutrients
B) major elements
C) micronutrients
D) macronutrients
  • 44. Deficiency of this macronutrient in plants results in stunted growth and yellowing of older leaves, as it is essential for protein and chlorophyll synthesis
A) Nitrogen
B) Potassium
C) Magnesium
D) Calcium
  • 45. The mineral element that forms the central atom of the chlorophyll molecule, whose deficiency causes chlorosis, is
A) magnesium
B) iron
C) calcium
D) nitrogen
  • 46. All living organisms store energy in form of
A) heat energy
B) potential energy
C) kinetic energy
D) chemical energy
  • 47. The energy in man is in form of
A) ATP
B) ADC
C) PDP
D) RDP
  • 48. During photosynthesis, green plants make use of which form of energy?
A) Kinetic energy
B) potential energy
C) Solar energy
D) Chemical energy
  • 49. The collective name for anabolic and catabolic process is
A) systematic
B) psychophytic
C) experiment
D) metabolic
  • 50. Plants are mainly called autothrophs because
A) they can use their chlorophyl to trap trap sunlight energy
B) they can grow on their own
C) they can manufacture their own food
D) they have chlorophyl
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