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Examination_Biology_SS1_3rd_Term
  • 1. The basis of growth in living organisms is best described as a permanent, irreversible increase in
A) dry weight, cell size and cell shape only
B) dry weight, cell number and cell size
C) fresh weight, cell number and cell shape
D) fresh weight, cell number and cell size only
  • 2. Which region of a growing root tip shows the fastest rate of increase in length?
A) Region of elongation
B) Root cap
C) Region of maturation
D) Region of cell division
  • 3. The zone of a dicotyledonous root in which cells increase mainly in length but not in number is the zone of
A) maturation
B) elongation
C) differentiation
D) division
  • 4. In flowering plants, the hormone primarily responsible for cell elongation and phototropic curvature is
A) ethylene
B) cytokinin
C) gibberellin
D) auxin
  • 5. A plant hormone that breaks seed dormancy and stimulates stem elongation, especially in dwarf varieties, is
A) abscisic acid
B) gibberellin
C) auxin
D) cytokinin
  • 6. Which hormone promotes cell division and delays the senescence (ageing) of leaves?
A) Ethylene
B) Auxin
C) Cytokinin
D) Gibberellin
  • 7. The plant hormone mainly associated with fruit ripening and leaf abscission is
A) ethylene
B) gibberellin
C) auxin
D) cytokinin
  • 8. A plant growth hormone that induces stomatal closure during periods of water stress is
A) auxin
B) gibberellin
C) abscisic acid
D) cytokinin
  • 9. The growth movement of a plant organ in response to the direction of light is called
A) phototaxis
B) phototropism
C) photoperiodism
D) photonasty
  • 10. The downward growth of the radicle of a germinating seed in response to gravity illustrates
A) negative geotropism
B) negative hydrotropism
C) positive phototropism
D) positive geotropism
  • 11. The growth of plant roots towards a source of water in the soil is termed
A) positive hydrotropism
B) positive chemotropism
C) negative hydrotropism
D) positive geotropism
  • 12. A growth response in which a plant organ grows away from the direction of a stimulus is described as
A) diageotropism
B) plagiotropism
C) negative tropism
D) positive tropism
  • 13. The growth of pollen tubes towards the ovule in response to chemical substances is an example of
A) chemotropism
B) geotropism
C) thigmotropism
D) hydrotropism
  • 14. The coiling of tendrils around a support in response to contact is known as
A) hydrotropism
B) phototropism
C) chemotropism
D) thigmotropism
  • 15. The region of a root tip where cells actively divide by mitosis to produce new cells is the
A) root cap region
B) meristematic region
C) region of maturation
D) region of elongation
  • 16. The process by which newly formed cells become structurally and functionally specialised for particular tasks is called
A) maturation
B) differentiation
C) elongation
D) division
  • 17. In a dicotyledonous stem, the increase in girth (diameter) resulting from the activity of the vascular cambium is known as
A) intercalary growth
B) primary growth
C) secondary growth
D) apical growth
  • 18. Growth in length of the stem and root, resulting from the activity of apical meristems, is referred to as
A) intercalary growth
B) primary growth
C) secondary growth
D) lateral growth
  • 19. The tissue responsible for secondary growth that gives rise to new xylem and phloem in woody dicot stems is the
A) intercalary meristem
B) cork cambium
C) apical meristem
D) vascular cambium
  • 20. Which of the following represents the correct sequence of developmental zones from the tip of a growing root?
A) Zone of maturation, zone of elongation, meristematic zone, root cap
B) Root cap, zone of elongation, meristematic zone, zone of maturation
C) Root cap, meristematic zone, zone of elongation, zone of maturation
D) Meristematic zone, root cap, zone of maturation, zone of elongation
  • 21. Hair-like structures that beat rhythmically to move fluid or propel an organism, as found in Paramecium, are called
A) villi
B) pseudopodia
C) cilia
D) flagella
  • 22. A long, whip-like structure used for locomotion by organisms such as Euglena and sperm cells is the
A) cilium
B) pseudopodium
C) flagellum
D) contractile vacuole
  • 23. Which of the following is a major structural difference between cilia and flagella?
A) Cilia are shorter and more numerous than flagella
B) Cilia are longer and fewer than flagella
C) Cilia lack microtubules while flagella possess them
D) Cilia occur only in plants while flagella occur only in animals
  • 24. The streaming movement of cytoplasm within a plant cell, which aids the distribution of nutrients and organelles, is called
A) cyclosis
B) osmosis
C) plasmolysis
D) diffusion
  • 25. Cyclosis in a plant cell is best described as the movement of
A) the entire cell from one place to another
B) water molecules across the cell membrane
C) cytoplasm around the cell along a fairly fixed pathway
D) chromosomes during cell division
  • 26. Which organelle provides most of the energy (ATP) required for the beating of cilia and flagella?
A) Mitochondrion
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Lysosome
D) Ribosome
  • 27. The coordinated beating of cilia lining the human respiratory tract functions mainly to
A) produce mucus for lubrication
B) warm incoming air before it reaches the lungs
C) absorb oxygen into the blood
D) sweep out mucus, dust and microorganisms
  • 28. The type of cell division that produces two daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell is
A) budding
B) mitosis
C) binary fission
D) meiosis
  • 29. The type of cell division that halves the chromosome number and produces genetically varied gametes is
A) amitosis
B) mitosis
C) fragmentation
D) meiosis
  • 30. A method of asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms such as Amoeba, in which the parent cell splits into two equal daughter cells, is called
A) budding
B) conjugation
C) binary fission
D) sporulation
  • 31. Photosynthesis may correctly be defined as the process by which
A) plants absorb mineral salts from the soil for growth
B) green plants manufacture carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water using light energy trapped by chlorophyll
C) green plants break down carbohydrates to release energy using oxygen
D) plants convert stored starch into glucose for immediate use
  • 32. The raw materials required for photosynthesis to take place are
A) oxygen and glucose
B) carbon dioxide and glucose
C) oxygen and water
D) carbon dioxide and water
  • 33. The stage of photosynthesis during which water is split (photolysis), releasing oxygen and hydrogen, is the
A) light stage
B) Krebs cycle
C) glycolysis stage
D) dark stage
  • 34. The stage of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide is fixed and reduced to form carbohydrates, and which does not directly require light, is the
A) dark stage
B) photophosphorylation stage
C) photolysis stage
D) light stage
  • 35. The pigment primarily responsible for trapping light energy for use in photosynthesis is
A) chlorophyll
B) carotene
C) xanthophyll
D) anthocyanin
  • 36. Which combination of conditions is essential for photosynthesis to occur at an appreciable rate?
A) High humidity, absence of chlorophyll and low light intensity
B) Darkness, low temperature and absence of carbon dioxide
C) Low carbon dioxide concentration, high temperature and darkness
D) Adequate light intensity, suitable temperature and available carbon dioxide
  • 37. When testing a leaf for starch, it is first boiled in water and then in alcohol mainly to
A) dissolve the starch present in the leaf
B) kill the leaf cells and stop respiration
C) remove chlorophyll and soften the leaf so that iodine can penetrate it
D) destroy the cuticle covering the leaf
  • 38. In an experiment where a leaf is partially covered with black paper before being exposed to light and later tested with iodine, the covered part
A) remains unaffected (brown) while the uncovered part turns blue-black, showing that light is necessary for starch formation
B) remains unaffected along with the uncovered part
C) turns blue-black just as the uncovered part does
D) turns blue-black while the uncovered part remains brown
  • 39. The gas evolved during photosynthesis, which can be collected and identified using a glowing splint, is
A) nitrogen
B) hydrogen
C) oxygen
D) carbon dioxide
  • 40. In an experiment using an aquatic plant such as Elodea placed in water under light, the rate of photosynthesis can be estimated by counting
A) the volume of water absorbed by the plant
B) the number of bubbles of oxygen given off per unit time
C) the number of bubbles of carbon dioxide given off per unit time
D) the amount of starch accumulated in the leaves
  • 41. Which of the following provides valid evidence that photosynthesis has occurred in a leaf?
A) Wilting of the leaf when exposed to sunlight
B) A positive starch test shown by a blue-black colouration with iodine solution
C) A colour change of the leaf from green to yellow
D) A positive test for reducing sugar with Benedict's solution
  • 42. Mineral elements required by plants in relatively large quantities for normal growth are known as
A) micronutrients
B) vitamins
C) trace elements
D) macronutrients
  • 43. Elements such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron and molybdenum, required by plants only in minute quantities, are collectively called
A) major elements
B) macronutrients
C) organic nutrients
D) micronutrients
  • 44. Deficiency of this macronutrient in plants results in stunted growth and yellowing of older leaves, as it is essential for protein and chlorophyll synthesis
A) Calcium
B) Magnesium
C) Nitrogen
D) Potassium
  • 45. The mineral element that forms the central atom of the chlorophyll molecule, whose deficiency causes chlorosis, is
A) magnesium
B) calcium
C) nitrogen
D) iron
  • 46. All living organisms store energy in form of
A) kinetic energy
B) potential energy
C) chemical energy
D) heat energy
  • 47. The energy in man is in form of
A) ATP
B) PDP
C) ADC
D) RDP
  • 48. During photosynthesis, green plants make use of which form of energy?
A) Chemical energy
B) Kinetic energy
C) Solar energy
D) potential energy
  • 49. The collective name for anabolic and catabolic process is
A) experiment
B) psychophytic
C) systematic
D) metabolic
  • 50. Plants are mainly called autothrophs because
A) they have chlorophyl
B) they can manufacture their own food
C) they can grow on their own
D) they can use their chlorophyl to trap trap sunlight energy
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