- 1. Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the government of South Africa from 1948 until the early 1990s. The term, which means 'apartness' in Afrikaans, was used to describe the policies aimed at maintaining white minority rule and subjugating the non-white population, particularly Black South Africans. Under apartheid, the country was divided into separate racial groups, with laws that dictated where individuals could live, work, and go to school based on their race. Non-white people were forced to live in designated areas, known as Bantustans or townships, often in impoverished conditions, while privileges and resources were disproportionately allocated to the white population. The apartheid regime used violent repression to silence dissent, leading to widespread protests, international condemnation, and calls for sanctions against the South African government. The struggle against apartheid was marked by the efforts of numerous activists, including Nelson Mandela, who became a symbol of resistance. The system officially ended in 1994 when South Africa held its first democratic elections, leading to Mandela's election as the country's first Black president. The legacy of apartheid continues to affect South Africa today, as the nation grapples with issues of inequality, social justice, and the lasting effects of systemic racism.
In what year did the Apartheid system officially begin?
A) 1976
B) 1960
C) 1934
D) 1948
- 2. Which party was primarily responsible for implementing Apartheid?
A) United Democratic Front
B) South African Communist Party
C) National Party
D) African National Congress
- 3. Who was the prominent leader of the ANC who fought against Apartheid?
A) Desmond Tutu
B) Oliver Tambo
C) Walter Sisulu
D) Nelson Mandela
- 4. What was the name of the act that established classification of race?
A) The Bantu Education Act
B) The Population Registration Act
C) The Group Areas Act
D) The Native Land Act
- 5. Which of the following was prohibited under Apartheid laws?
A) Public schooling for whites
B) Access to public parks
C) Interracial marriage
D) Voting for all citizens
- 6. What year did Nelson Mandela get released from prison?
A) 1994
B) 1990
C) 1992
D) 1989
- 7. Who was the last apartheid-era President of South Africa?
A) Thabo Mbeki
B) P.W. Botha
C) Nelson Mandela
D) F.W. de Klerk
- 8. Which international organization condemned Apartheid?
A) NATO
B) G7
C) United Nations
D) World Bank
- 9. What were 'pass laws'?
A) Laws regulating trade
B) Regulations controlling movement of black South Africans
C) Traffic regulations
D) Laws protecting wildlife
- 10. What happened during the Soweto Uprising of 1976?
A) A march for housing
B) A peace rally
C) Workers protested for higher wages
D) Students protested against Afrikaans in schools
- 11. Which act enforced separate areas for different racial groups?
A) Bantu Education Act
B) Group Areas Act
C) Population Registration Act
D) Native Labour Regulation Act
- 12. Who was Bantu Stephen Biko?
A) A political prisoner
B) A leader of the Black Consciousness Movement
C) An ANC leader
D) A government official
- 13. What was the outcome of the 1994 elections in South Africa?
A) The National Party won again.
B) Nelson Mandela became the first black president.
C) Apartheid laws were strengthened.
D) No elections were held.
- 14. What is the significance of the Freedom Charter?
A) It promoted Apartheid.
B) It was a military strategy.
C) It was a government manifesto.
D) It outlined the vision for a non-racial South Africa.
- 15. What was the role of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission?
A) To promote Apartheid policies
B) To choose a new president
C) To address past human rights abuses
D) To enforce new laws
- 16. How did the international community respond to Apartheid?
A) Military intervention
B) Complete support for the government
C) Boycotts and sanctions against South Africa
D) Trade agreements
- 17. What was the purpose of the Bantu Education Act?
A) To eliminate educational disparities
B) To equalize education for all
C) To promote technical training
D) To provide inferior education for black South Africans
- 18. What was the significance of the Rivonia Trial?
A) It led to Nelson Mandela's imprisonment.
B) It resulted in the end of Apartheid.
C) It was a diplomatic meeting.
D) It focused on economic issues.
- 19. What does 'Apartheid' literally translate to?
A) Freedom
B) Unity
C) Apartness
D) Division
- 20. What was the primary method of resistance employed by many anti-Apartheid activists?
A) Coup d'état
B) Civil disobedience
C) Armament
D) Election campaigning
- 21. In what decade did Apartheid officially end?
A) 1990s
B) 1970s
C) 1980s
D) 2000s
- 22. What year did Nelson Mandela win the Nobel Peace Prize?
A) 1990
B) 1993
C) 1989
D) 1996
- 23. In which year did Apartheid officially end?
A) 1989
B) 1996
C) 1990
D) 1994
- 24. What term described the laws enforcing racial classification?
A) Apartheid laws
B) Rights laws.
C) Equality laws.
D) Civil laws.
- 25. What event is commemorated on June 16 in South Africa?
A) Freedom Day
B) Sharpeville Massacre
C) Soweto Uprising
D) Day of Reconciliation
- 26. Which term describes people of mixed race under Apartheid?
A) White
B) Indian
C) Black
D) Coloured
- 27. Which religious leader spoke out against Apartheid and received the Nobel Peace Prize?
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Desmond Tutu
C) Martin Luther King Jr.
D) Nelson Mandela
- 28. In what year was the Sharpeville Massacre?
A) 1961
B) 1960
C) 1956
D) 1976
- 29. Who was the first black woman to receive a Nobel Peace Prize?
A) Bishop Desmond Tutu
B) Albertina Sisulu
C) Wangari Maathai
D) Winnie Mandela
|