A) Any rational human conduct that violates a criminal law and is subject to punishment B) Any human behavior C) Any action that is considered immoral D) Any behavior that deviates from social norms
A) A legal statute B) A social gathering C) A statistical average D) Any standard or rule regarding what human beings should or should not think, say, or do under given circumstances
A) Legal behavior B) Conduct which the people of a group consider so dangerous or embarrassing or irritating that they bring special sanctions to bear against the persons who exhibit it C) Criminal behavior D) Normal behavior
A) Criminal intent B) Criminal conduct specifically, intentional or criminally negligent action or inaction that causes harm C) Opportunity to commit a crime D) Motive for a crime
A) A criminal intent or a guilty state of mind B) Instrument used in a crime C) Criminal conduct D) Opportunity to commit a crime
A) Justice B) Forgiveness C) Understanding D) Motive or desire
A) The time and place of the commission of the crime B) The criminal's background C) The legal system D) The victim's vulnerability
A) Tools employed by criminals B) Ethical guidelines C) Social norms D) Laws and regulations
A) Crime happens when people grow up in neighborhoods with their own values that go against society’s usual rules B) Crime is a result of genetic predispositions C) Crime is a result of personal choices D) Crime is caused by economic inequality
A) Crime is a result of strong community bonds B) Crime is a result of strict social control C) Crime decreases in organized communities D) Crime increases in neighborhoods where social institutions like family, school, and community control have broken down
A) Crime is a result of genetic factors B) Crime happens when people cannot achieve society’s goals through legal means, causing pressure or frustration that leads to deviant behavior C) Crime is a result of personal choices D) Crime happens when people achieve society’s goals through legal means
A) Labeling only affects adults B) People become deviant when society labels them negatively, causing the label to shape their identity and future behavior C) People become deviant when they resist societal labels D) Labeling has no impact on behavior
A) Crime results from power struggles between groups, where dominant groups create laws that control and disadvantage weaker groups B) Crime results from cooperation between groups C) Crime is a result of individual choices D) Crime is a result of societal harmony
A) Behavior is random B) Behavior is innate C) All behavior, including criminal acts, is learned and shaped by rewards, punishments, and reactions from others D) Behavior is determined by genetics
A) People learn criminal behavior through observing, interacting with, and imitating others who already engage in crime B) People learn criminal behavior through genetics C) Criminal behavior is only learned in schools D) Criminal behavior is not learned
A) People are born criminal B) People are only influenced by their parents C) People become criminal when isolated from others D) People become criminal when exposed to more pro-crime influences than anti-crime influences
A) Criminal behavior is only learned through punishment B) Criminal behavior is learned through genetics C) Criminal behavior is random D) Criminal behavior is learned through rewards and punishments, combining social learning with psychological conditioning processes
A) Offenders are unaware of their actions B) Offenders always obey the law C) Offenders learn techniques to justify or excuse wrongdoing, allowing them to drift between lawful and unlawful behavior D) Offenders always reject societal norms
A) An organizing device for categorizing large amounts of information into mutually exclusive categories B) A legal defense C) A criminal motive D) A type of punishment
A) An act or omission that is punishable by special laws B) A serious crime C) A civil dispute D) A moral wrong
A) A law that is not enforced B) A law that applies only to certain people C) A law that is only applied in certain regions D) A statute enacted by congress, penal in character, which is not an amendment of the Revised Penal Code
A) A traffic violation B) A serious crime. This category includes murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, arson, and so on. A felony is an act or omission that is punishable by the Revised Penal Code C) A civil dispute D) A minor violation
A) An act that is in violation of a simple rule or regulation, a minor violation of the law. It usually refers to those committed by minor offenders such as violations of city or municipal ordinances B) A serious crime C) A moral wrong D) A federal offense
A) Financial fraud B) Traffic violations C) Offenses where violence was applied. They are also called acts or crimes against persons D) Public disturbances
A) Political reasons B) To seek revenge C) To express anger D) To bring financial gain to the offender
A) Crimes that have no victims B) Unlawful acts that interfere with the normal operation of society and the ability of people to function efficiently C) Crimes that benefit the public D) Crimes committed in private
A) Neutral act B) Wrong because it is prohibited C) Good in itself D) Evil in itself
A) Socially acceptable B) Morally right C) Evil in itself D) Wrong because it is prohibited
A) Crimes committed in the workplace B) Crimes committed by unskilled workers C) Those committed by persons of respectability and of upper socio-economic class in the course of their occupational activities; also referred to as corporate or occupational crime D) Crimes committed against corporations
A) Crimes committed by white-collar workers B) Crimes committed in factories C) Crimes committed by police officers D) Those committed by ordinary professional criminals to maintain their livelihood
A) Crimes committed by animals B) Crimes committed by accident C) Crimes committed by robots D) Crimes committed by merely duplicating what was done by others; based on the
A) Crimes committed for money B) Crimes committed for political reasons C) Those committed at the height of great emotions D) Crimes committed without thinking
A) Crimes committed by doctors B) Crimes committed in the military C) Crimes committed through rendition of service to satisfy desire of another D) Crimes committed by government employees
A) A crime against the environment B) A crime committed by a government through mass destruction or annihilation of human populations C) A crime against animals D) A crime against property
A) Crimes that are legal in some countries B) Crimes that occur within a single country C) Crimes that are only committed by tourists D) Violations of law that involve more than one country in their planning, execution, e.g. drug trafficking, human trafficking
A) Crimes committed in national parks B) Crimes committed against people C) Acts that breach environmental legislation and cause significant harm or risk to the environment and human health D) Crimes committed for environmental activism
A) Crimes committed in physical spaces B) Crimes committed by corporations C) Crimes committed by government officials D) Crimes that involve computers and networks
A) Crimes committed in political rallies B) Crimes committed during elections C) Criminal activities for ideological purposes; also serious violations of laws that threaten the security or existence of the government D) Crimes committed by politicians
A) They commit crimes due to impulses of the moment, fit of passion, anger, or spell of extreme jealousy B) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully C) Criminals who are mentally ill D) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain
A) They are those who acted in consonance with deliberate thinking B) Criminals who commit crimes due to mental illness C) Criminals who commit crimes due to drug addiction D) Criminals who commit crimes impulsively
A) Criminals who are mentally ill B) Their psychic conditions resemble that of a normal individual, except that they identify themselves with criminal prototypes C) Criminals who are highly skilled D) Criminals who are highly intelligent
A) Criminals who commit complex crimes B) Criminals who are highly skilled C) Considered to be the lowest form in the criminal career, ordinary criminals engage only in conventional crimes that require limited skill. They lack organization to help them avoid arrest and conviction D) Criminals who are highly organized
A) Criminals who commit crimes randomly B) Criminals who are easily caught C) They have high degree of organization to enable them to commit crimes without being detected D) Criminals who are mentally unstable
A) They are highly skilled and able to obtain considerable amount of money without being detected due to organization and contact with professional criminals. They are always able to escape conviction, and they specialize in crimes that require skills B) Criminals who are amateurs C) Criminals who are easily caught D) Criminals who are mentally ill
A) Criminals who commit crimes intentionally B) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully C) They commit criminal acts as a result of unanticipated circumstances D) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain
A) Criminals who commit crimes randomly B) They are not actually criminals but commit crimes due to a given situation; sometimes their criminal activities are intermixed with legitimate activities C) Criminals who commit crimes for fun D) Criminals who are always criminal
A) They continue to commit criminal acts for diverse reasons due to deficiency of intelligence and lack of self-control B) Criminals who commit crimes only once C) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons D) Criminals who commit crimes rarely
A) Criminals who are passive B) They commit crimes in impulsive manner usually due to their aggressive behavior, as shown in crimes of passion, resentment, or revenge C) Criminals who commit crimes calmly D) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain
A) Criminals who commit crimes independently B) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons C) They commit crimes because they are pushed to inducement, reward, or promise without considering do it, by the consequences. For this, they are called "ulukan." D) Criminals who are aggressive
A) Criminals who are isolated from society B) Criminals C) Criminals who reject social norms D) They are normal in their behavior but mere inadequate and defective in their socialization process
A) Rehabilitation B) Specific Deterrence C) Retribution D) General Deterrence
A) Cesare Lombroso B) Raffaele Garofalo E. C) Enrico Ferri D) Jeremy Bentham
A) Broken Windows Theory B) Social Control Theory C) Labeling Theory D) Strain Theory
A) Differential Association Theory B) Anomie Theory C) Rational Choice Theory D) Routine Activities Theory
A) Symbiosis B) Somatotyping C) Anomie D) Atavism
A) A Capable Guardian B) A Suitable Target C) Social Bond D) A Motivated Offender
A) Secondary Victimization B) Restorative Justice C) Victim Blaming D) Victim Compensation
A) Blue-collar Crime B) White-collar Crime C) Violent Crime D) Victimless Crime
A) Victim more Guilty than Offender B) Completely Innocent Victim C) Victim as Guilty as Offender D) Victim with Minor Guilt
A) Chronic Crime B) A person commits a crime not because they planned to, but because they were overwhelmed by a sudden, intense heat of passion or extreme provocation. This is categorized as C) Episodic/Acute Crime D) Professional Crime
A) AClassical School B) Neo-Classical School C) Positivist School D) Chicago School
A) Positivist School B) Classical School C) Italian School D) Neo-Classical School
A) Criminogenesis B) Victimogenesis C) Penology D) Criminal Evolution
A) Robert Merton B) Sigmund Freud C) Emile Durkheim D) William Sheldon
A) Secondary Deviance B) Tertiary Deviance C) Primary Deviance D) Social Stigma
A) Uses chemistry to analyze blood B) Studies crime as a social phenomenon C) Only focuses on the laws written in books D) Is applicable only in specific countries.
A) Dynamic B) Nationalistic C) Absolute D) Stable
A) Victimology B) Criminal Etiology C) Sociology of Law D) Penology
A) Biological Theory B) Strain Theory C) Choice Theory D) Social Disorganization Theory
A) Recidivism B) Index Crimes C) Dark Figure of Crime D) Crime Rate
A) Mens Rea B) Modus Operandi C) Actus Reus D) Mala In Se
A) Mala Prohibita B) Felony C) Misdemeanor D) Mala In Se
A) Mens Rea B) Doli Incapax C) Actus Reus D) Corpus Delicti
A) Criminalistics B) Criminology C) Penology D) Sociology
A) Rational Choice Theory B) Pleasure-Pain Principle (Hedonism) C) All of the above D) Free Will Doctrine
A) Conformity B) Innovation C) Ritualism D) Retreatism
A) Differential Association B) Labeling Theory C) Focal Concerns of the Lower Class D) Social Bond Theory
A) General Strain Theory (Agnew) B) Classical Strain Theory C) Neutralization Theory D) Rational Choice Theory
A) Social Learning Theory B) Life Course Theory C) Social Control/Bond Theory D) Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
A) Commitment B) Belief C) Attachment D) Involvement
A) Paranoia B) Neuroticism C) Psychopathy/Antisocial Personality Disorder D) Schizophrenia
A) Alter-Ego B) Id C) Ego D) Superego
A) Evolutionary Criminology B) Biochemical Theory C) Psychological Positivism D) Social Ecology
A) Operant Conditioning B) Cognitive Dissonance C) bservational Learning (Modeling) D) Genetic Predisposition
A) Superego B) Ego C) Preconscious D) Id
A) Denial of Responsibility B) Condemnation of Condemners C) Denial of Victim D) Denial of Injury
A) Decriminalization B) Diversion C) The Dramatization of Evil D) Radical Non-intervention
A) Crime committed by high-ranking officials. B) . Deviance that occurs after a person accepts a criminal label. C) Initial acts of norm violation that have very little influence on the self-concept D) Crime that is inherently evil.
A) Incapacitation B) Retribution C) Deterrence D) Diversion
A) Zone II: Zone in Transition B) Zone I: Central Business District C) Zone III: Workingmen’s Homes D) Zone IV: Residential Zone
A) December B) January C) October D) July
A) B. Late Adolescence/Young Adulthood (15-24) B) Middle Age (40-50) C) Senior Years (65+) D) Childhood (5-10)
A) Vagrancy B) Gambling C) Littering D) Robbery
A) It is always 100% honest B) It is more official than police records. C) It captures the "Dark Figure of Crime" D) It only counts crimes that lead to a conviction.
A) Alibi B) Self-defense C) Insanity D) Duress/Compulsion
A) Anomie B) Anomie C) Stigma D) Atavism
A) Presumption of Innocence B) Due Process C) Habeas Corpus D) Equal Protection
A) Bill of Attainder B) Writ of Amparo C) Ex Post Facto Law D) Blue Law
A) Appeal to Higher Loyalties B) Denial of Victim C) Denial of Injury D) Denial of Responsibility
A) Scientific research B) The cruel and arbitrary justice of the 18th century C) The use of prisons. D) The concept of democracy. |