How to gather and process native grains for flour
  • 1. Which of these is NOT a common method for harvesting native grains?
A) Beating stalks
B) Underwater netting
C) Using a scythe
D) Hand-picking seed heads
  • 2. What is the first step after harvesting grains?
A) Grinding
B) Winnowing
C) Threshing
D) Drying
  • 3. Why is drying crucial?
A) Makes grains easier to grind
B) Removes chaff
C) Enhances flavor
D) Prevents mold and spoilage
  • 4. What is threshing?
A) Cracking the grain
B) Cleaning the grains
C) Separating grains from stalks
D) Removing the bran
  • 5. A flail is a tool used for what process?
A) Threshing
B) Sifting
C) Winnowing
D) Grinding
  • 6. What is winnowing?
A) Separating grain from chaff
B) Washing the grains
C) Roasting the grains
D) Removing the germ
  • 7. Which natural element is commonly used in winnowing?
A) Earth
B) Water
C) Fire
D) Wind
  • 8. What is the purpose of parching grains before grinding?
A) Makes grinding easier
B) Adds nutrients
C) Enhances flavor and prevents clumping
D) Removes toxins
  • 9. Which grinding method is the most labor-intensive?
A) Coffee grinder
B) Mortar and pestle
C) Electric milling
D) Stone grinding
  • 10. What part of the grain is removed in refined flour?
A) Stalk
B) Bran and germ
C) Endosperm
D) Chaff
  • 11. Why is whole grain flour more nutritious than refined flour?
A) Contains bran and germ
B) Easier to digest
C) Has a longer shelf life
D) Tastes better
  • 12. What is the purpose of sifting flour?
A) Removes lumps and refines texture
B) Changes the flavor
C) Adds nutrients
D) Extends shelf life
  • 13. Which of the following is NOT a native grain in North America?
A) Quinoa
B) Amaranth
C) Wheat
D) Wild rice
  • 14. What is the best way to store ground flour?
A) Paper bag in direct sunlight
B) Airtight container in a cool, dark place
C) Open container on the counter
D) Plastic bag in the freezer
  • 15. Why is it important to identify native grains accurately?
A) Some grains can be toxic
B) To comply with regulations
C) To improve flavor
D) To ensure proper grinding
  • 16. What tool is used to remove hulls from wild rice?
A) Winnowing basket
B) Rice Huller
C) Quern
D) Threshing flail
  • 17. Why is it important to remove the hulls?
A) They make flour bitter
B) They are indigestible
C) They affect baking time
D) They make it hard to grind
  • 18. What is Nixtamalization?
A) A type of threshing technique
B) Process of treating corn with alkali
C) Method of storing grain
D) Process of milling wheat into flour
  • 19. Why is nixtamalization important for corn?
A) Reduces gluten content
B) Increases nutritional value
C) Improves the color of flour
D) Makes it easier to grow
  • 20. What is a Quern?
A) A type of sifter
B) A threshing tool
C) A simple hand mill
D) A cooking pot
  • 21. What is a key benefit of using a quern?
A) High flour output
B) Portability
C) Speed
D) Automated operation
  • 22. What is the ideal moisture content for storing grains?
A) Below 14%
B) Above 30%
C) 15-18%
D) 20-25%
  • 23. What is 'lodging' in grain crops?
A) Weed infestation
B) Bending over of the stalks
C) Seed germination
D) Harvesting time
  • 24. How does lodging affect grain harvesting?
A) Reduces drying time
B) Makes it difficult to harvest
C) Improves grain quality
D) Increases yield
  • 25. What type of container is best for long-term grain storage?
A) Cardboard boxes
B) Cloth sacks
C) Food-grade buckets with airtight lids
D) Plastic bags with holes
  • 26. What is the purpose of 'scarifying' certain grains?
A) To remove the bran
B) To improve the flavor of the grain
C) To prevent spoilage
D) To break the seed coat and improve germination (if planting)
  • 27. Which of these is a sign of weevil infestation in stored grains?
A) Increased moisture content
B) Bright green color
C) Sweet smell
D) Small holes in the grains
  • 28. How can you prevent weevil infestations in stored grains?
A) Adding water to the grains
B) Storing grains in sunlight
C) Freezing the grains for a few days
D) Using open containers
  • 29. What is 'tempering' grains before grinding?
A) Soaking the grains in oil
B) Heating the grains
C) Freezing the grains
D) Adding moisture to the grains
  • 30. Why is tempering helpful before grinding?
A) Extends the grains' shelf life
B) Increases the grains' nutritional value
C) Makes the grains easier to thresh
D) Improves milling performance and flour quality
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