- 1. The systematic persecution of Protestants under Queen Mary I of England, often referred to as Bloody Mary, marked a tumultuous and tragic chapter in English history during the mid-16th century. Upon ascending the throne in 1553, Mary, a devout Catholic, sought to reverse the Protestant Reformation that had taken root during the reign of her half-brother Edward VI. Her reign was characterized by an intense and violent campaign against Protestant reformers, driven by her desire to restore Catholicism and eliminate what she viewed as heresy. Under the Marian persecutions, numerous Protestant leaders, clergy, and ordinary believers faced arrest, torture, and execution, with many being burned at the stake in public displays meant to instill fear and discourage dissent. Notable figures such as Thomas Cranmer, the former Archbishop of Canterbury, suffered grievously during this period, as did countless others who defied Mary’s regime. The brutality of these actions earned her the lasting epithet 'Bloody Mary,' as the stakes of her religious fervor rose, reflecting not only the immediate dangers faced by those advocating for Protestant beliefs but also the broader implications for religious freedom and tolerance in England. This dark era ultimately contributed to a deep-seated division within English society, influencing the subsequent shift under Elizabeth I, who brought about a more moderate approach to religion in an effort to heal the divides created by Mary’s violent campaigns.
Who was the monarch responsible for the systematic persecution of Protestants known as Bloody Mary?
A) Mary I
B) Elizabeth I
C) Anne Boleyn
D) Catherine of Aragon
- 2. During which years did the reign of Bloody Mary take place?
A) 1509-1547
B) 1553-1558
C) 1558-1603
D) 1603-1625
- 3. Which Protestant martyrs were famous for their executions during Mary I's reign?
A) Martin Luther, John Calvin, John Wesley
B) William Shakespeare, Galileo Galilei, Leonardo da Vinci
C) Joan of Arc, Saint Patrick, William Tyndale
D) Thomas Cranmer, Hugh Latimer, Nicholas Ridley
- 4. Which monarch succeeded Mary I after her death?
A) James I
B) Henry VIII
C) Elizabeth I
D) Charles I
- 5. Who was Mary I's mother?
A) Catherine of Aragon
B) Catherine Parr
C) Anne Boleyn
D) Jane Seymour
- 6. What was Mary I's relation to Elizabeth I?
A) Step-sister
B) Cousin
C) Aunt
D) Half-sister
- 7. Who was the Archbishop of Canterbury that Mary I imprisoned and executed?
A) Thomas More
B) John Knox
C) Thomas Cranmer
D) William Tyndale
- 8. Which famous document did Mary I repeal during her reign to restore Roman Catholicism?
A) Act of Settlement
B) Bill of Rights
C) Act of Supremacy
D) Magna Carta
- 9. Where did Mary I's persecution of Protestants primarily take place?
A) England
B) Spain
C) Germany
D) France
- 10. What nickname did the people of England give to Mary I due to her persecution of Protestants?
A) Bloody Mary
B) Elizabeth the Great
C) Merciful Mary
D) Mary the Just
- 11. Who was known as the 'chief persecutor' of Protestants under Mary I?
A) Bishop Stephen Gardiner
B) John Knox
C) Sir Francis Drake
D) Cardinal Thomas Wolsey
- 12. Mary I's persecution of Protestants was primarily driven by her desire to restore?
A) Atheism
B) Paganism
C) Catholicism
D) Protestantism
- 13. Mary I's marriage to which Spanish prince influenced her religious policies?
A) Alfonso XII
B) Philip II
C) Ferdinand II
D) Charles V
- 14. Mary I was the daughter of which English monarch?
A) Henry VIII
B) Richard III
C) Elizabeth I
D) Edward VI
- 15. In what year did Mary I become Queen of England?
A) 1553
B) 1520
C) 1600
D) 1588
- 16. Mary I's marriage to Philip II was seen as an attempt to strengthen ties with which European country?
A) Italy
B) France
C) Germany
D) Spain
- 17. Mary I's persecution of Protestants came to an end with her death in which year?
A) 1558
B) 1584
C) 1572
D) 1566
- 18. What was the name given to the group of Protestants who sought refuge in European Protestant countries during Mary I's reign?
A) Royal exiles
B) Bloody refugees
C) Marian exiles
D) Catholic converts
- 19. Which city was the center of Protestant resistance during Mary I's reign?
A) Geneva
B) Rome
C) Florence
D) Paris
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