Grand Teton National Park
  • 1. Who are credited with the first substantiated ascent of Grand Teton?
A) Albert R. Ellingwood and his group
B) Nathaniel P. Langford and James Stevenson
C) William O. Owen, Frank Petersen, John Shive, and Franklin Spencer Spalding
D) Glenn Exum and Paul Petzoldt
  • 2. In what year did William O. Owen, Frank Petersen, John Shive, and Franklin Spencer Spalding first ascend Grand Teton?
A) 1923
B) 1931
C) 1898
D) 1872
  • 3. What structure did Nathaniel P. Langford and James Stevenson find during their attempt to summit Grand Teton?
A) Owen-Spalding route
B) The Enclosure
C) Death Canyon
D) Upper Saddle
  • 4. Where is The Enclosure located in relation to the summit of Grand Teton?
A) At the summit itself
B) In Death Canyon
C) About 530 ft below the summit near the Upper Saddle
D) On the northeast ridge
  • 5. What was William O. Owen's role in the controversy over the first ascent of Grand Teton?
A) He was one of the climbers who first climbed Middle and South Teton
B) He founded Exum Mountain Guides
C) He discredited claims by Langford and Stevenson after his own successful ascent
D) He claimed to have reached beyond The Enclosure with Langford and Stevenson
  • 6. Who were the first climbers to ascend both Middle and South Teton?
A) Glenn Exum and Paul Petzoldt
B) Fritiof Fryxell and others
C) William O. Owen, Frank Petersen, John Shive, and Franklin Spencer Spalding
D) A group led by Albert R. Ellingwood
  • 7. On what date were Middle and South Teton first climbed?
A) 1872
B) 1931
C) August 29, 1923
D) August 11, 1898
  • 8. Which climbing route on Grand Teton is known as the Owen-Spalding route?
A) The northeast ridge established in 1931
B) A route explored in Death Canyon
C) The classic climb pioneered by Owen and Spalding
D) A route first climbed by Albert R. Ellingwood
  • 9. What is the Yosemite Decimal System rating for the Owen-Spalding route?
A) 6.5
B) 7.0
C) 5.4
D) Above 5.9
  • 10. Who was known for using gymnastic chalk while climbing in the Tetons?
A) Albert R. Ellingwood
B) William O. Owen
C) John Gill
D) Glenn Exum
  • 11. What did John Gill contribute to rock climbing in the Tetons?
A) He climbed Mount Moran in 1922
B) He established the Exum Mountain Guides
C) He was the first known climber to use gymnastic chalk for better handholds and dry hands
D) He pioneered the Owen-Spalding route
  • 12. By the mid-1990s, how many climbing routes had been documented in Grand Teton National Park?
A) A dozen climbing routes
B) 50 climbing routes
C) 800 different climbing routes
D) 200 climbing routes
  • 13. Which peak was first climbed by Fritiof Fryxell and others in 1930?
A) Grand Teton
B) Mount Owen
C) Middle Teton
D) South Teton
  • 14. Who founded the Exum Mountain Guides in 1931?
A) Nathaniel P. Langford and James Stevenson
B) Albert R. Ellingwood
C) William O. Owen and Franklin Spencer Spalding
D) Glenn Exum and Paul Petzoldt
  • 15. What was established on the northeast ridge of Grand Teton in 1931?
A) Death Canyon exploration
B) The Enclosure
C) A climbing route by Glenn Exum
D) The first ascent of Mount Owen
  • 16. Which peak was climbed by Albert R. Ellingwood's group on August 29, 1923?
A) Middle and South Teton
B) Mount Owen
C) Grand Teton
D) Mount Moran
  • 17. What was the focus of explorers during the last 25 years of the 19th century in the Teton Range?
A) Documenting Native American relics
B) Founding mountain guide companies
C) Establishing climbing routes
D) Claiming first ascents of the peaks
  • 18. What is the greatest controversy in the history of American mountaineering according to the text?
A) The establishment of climbing routes on Mount Moran
B) The founding of Exum Mountain Guides
C) The exploration of Death Canyon
D) The disagreement over which party first reached the top of Grand Teton
  • 19. Who hired John Colter to lead fur trappers and explore the Yellowstone River region?
A) Jedediah Smith
B) William Clark
C) Manuel Lisa
D) Donald Mackenzie
  • 20. What was John Colter's primary purpose in the Jackson Hole region?
A) Map making
B) Agriculture
C) Settlement building
D) Profitable fur trapping
  • 21. Which treaty secured American sovereignty over the North American fur trade region?
A) Jay's Treaty
B) The Oregon Treaty in 1846
C) Treaty of Paris
D) Treaty of Ghent
  • 22. Who led the British North West Company party that entered Jackson Hole from the west?
A) Donald Mackenzie
B) William Sublette
C) Manuel Lisa
D) David Edward Jackson
  • 23. What name did French-speaking trappers give to the Teton Range?
A) Sublette's Peaks
B) Pilot Knobs
C) Grand Tetons
D) Les trois tétons (the three breasts)
  • 24. Which company included Jedediah Smith, William Sublette, and David Edward Jackson?
A) British North West Company
B) Lewis and Clark Expedition
C) Astorians' Expedition
D) The Rocky Mountain Fur Company
  • 25. When did American fur trading companies generally fold due to declining demand for beaver furs?
A) 1860
B) Around 1840
C) 1808
D) 1826
  • 26. Who oversaw the Rocky Mountain Fur Company's trapping operations in the Teton region between 1826 and 1830?
A) Donald Mackenzie
B) David Edward Jackson or 'Davey Jackson'
C) Manuel Lisa
D) William Clark
  • 27. What was the original name given by earlier parties to the most prominent peaks of the Teton Range?
A) Les trois tétons
B) The Pilot Knobs
C) Grand Tetons
D) Sublette's Peaks
  • 28. In which U.S. state is Grand Teton National Park located?
A) Northwestern Wyoming
B) Southwestern Montana
C) Eastern Idaho
D) Northern Utah
  • 29. Approximately how many acres does Grand Teton National Park cover?
A) 200,000 acres
B) 500,000 acres
C) 310,000 acres
D) 400,000 acres
  • 30. What is the length of the Teton Range within Grand Teton National Park?
A) 40 miles long
B) 60 miles long
C) 30 miles long
D) 50 miles long
  • 31. Which national park is located 10 miles north of Grand Teton National Park?
A) Yellowstone National Park
B) Yosemite National Park
C) Glacier National Park
D) Rocky Mountain National Park
  • 32. How far back does human history in the Grand Teton region date?
A) At least 11,000 years
B) 20,000 years
C) 15,000 years
D) 5,000 years
  • 33. Which indigenous people did the first European colonizers encounter in the early 19th century?
A) Eastern Shoshone people
B) Apache people
C) Navajo people
D) Sioux people
  • 34. When was Grand Teton National Park officially established?
A) 1950
B) 1929
C) 1916
D) 1943
  • 35. What is the height of Grand Teton, the tallest mountain in the range?
A) 13,775 feet
B) 12,000 feet
C) 11,500 feet
D) 14,500 feet
  • 36. How much does Grand Teton rise above Jackson Hole?
A) 8,000 feet
B) More than 7,000 feet
C) 5,000 feet
D) 6,500 feet
  • 37. What is the length of Jackson Lake?
A) 25 miles long
B) 10 miles long
C) 20 miles long
D) 15 miles long
  • 38. How many small glaciers persist in Grand Teton National Park?
A) None
B) A dozen
C) Twenty
D) Fifty
  • 39. What is the age of some rocks found in Grand Teton National Park?
A) 500 million years
B) 3 billion years
C) Nearly 2.7 billion years
D) 1 billion years
  • 40. How many species of vascular plants are found in the park?
A) 500
B) More than 1,000
C) 800
D) 200
  • 41. What type of trout is Grand Teton known for fishing?
A) Rainbow trout
B) Brook trout
C) Brown trout
D) Snake River fine-spotted cutthroat trout
  • 42. What is one of the primary recreational activities at Grand Teton National Park?
A) Surfing
B) Mountaineering
C) Skiing
D) Snowboarding
  • 43. What type of tools associated with the Clovis culture have been found in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Stone axes
B) Obsidian spear points
C) Bone needles
D) Wooden spears
  • 44. Where was the Wind River Indian Reservation established in relation to Jackson Hole?
A) 100 mi (160 km) southeast
B) Directly north
C) West of Yellowstone
D) Adjacent to Grand Teton National Park
  • 45. Who selected the land for the Wind River Indian Reservation?
A) General Custer
B) Colonel Fremont
C) President Abraham Lincoln
D) Chief Washakie
  • 46. Which mountain man guided the 1859–60 Raynolds Expedition?
A) John D. Rockefeller Jr.
B) Jim Bridger
C) Horace Albright
D) William Henry Jackson
  • 47. Who led the well-funded Hayden Geological Survey of 1871?
A) Jim Bridger
B) F. V. Hayden
C) James Stevenson
D) William F. Raynolds
  • 48. When was Menor's Ferry built near present-day Moose, Wyoming?
A) 1892
B) 1911
C) 1884
D) 1907
  • 49. Which U.S. President signed the executive order establishing Grand Teton National Park?
A) Calvin Coolidge
B) Theodore Roosevelt
C) Harry S. Truman
D) Franklin Roosevelt
  • 50. When was the Laurance S. Rockefeller Preserve dedicated?
A) November 2007
B) 1943
C) June 21, 2008
D) February 26, 1929
  • 51. Which act did President Franklin Roosevelt use to establish Jackson Hole National Monument?
A) Reclamation Act
B) Antiquities Act
C) National Park Service Act
D) Conservation Act
  • 52. Who was the Secretary of the Interior that advised President Roosevelt on using the Antiquities Act?
A) Harold L. Ickes
B) Franklin Roosevelt
C) Horace Albright
D) Calvin Coolidge
  • 53. Which year saw the combination of Jackson Hole National Monument and Grand Teton National Park?
A) 1950
B) 1972
C) 1929
D) 1943
  • 54. Which of the following is NOT a service provided by concession contracts in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Lodging
B) Dude ranching
C) Skiing lessons
D) Mountaineering guides
  • 55. How many seasonal employees does Grand Teton National Park have on average?
A) 100
B) 180
C) 150
D) 200
  • 56. Which of the following is a restriction for pilots at Jackson Hole Airport?
A) Overnight parking restrictions
B) Night flight curfews
C) No restrictions on night flights
D) Mandatory helicopter landings
  • 57. As of 2010, how many privately owned property inholdings were located within Grand Teton National Park?
A) 75
B) 110
C) 200
D) 50
  • 58. What was the goal for raising funds to acquire private inholdings by 2016?
A) $5 million
B) $20 million
C) $15 million
D) $10 million
  • 59. Which parcel was purchased and transferred to Grand Teton National Park in December 2016?
A) Antelope Flats Parcel
B) Kelly Parcel
C) Moulton Ranch Cabins
D) Granite Canyon Parcel
  • 60. How much was the purchase price for the Antelope Flats Parcel?
A) $10 million
B) $23 million
C) $46 million
D) $30 million
  • 61. When was Moulton Ranch Cabins sold to the Grand Teton National Park Foundation?
A) 2024
B) 2016
C) 2018
D) 2020
  • 62. In what year did the National Park Service acquire a 35-acre parcel near Granite Canyon Entrance Station?
A) 2018
B) 2024
C) 2016
D) 2020
  • 63. What is located at the mouth of the Gros Ventre River Valley related to Grand Teton National Park?
A) Antelope Flats Parcel
B) The Kelly Parcel
C) Moulton Ranch Cabins
D) Granite Canyon Parcel
  • 64. Who covered the higher sale price demanded by Wyoming legislators for the Kelly Parcel?
A) The state of Wyoming
B) Charitable organizations
C) Private donors
D) The National Park Service
  • 65. Which wilderness lies along the western boundary of Grand Teton National Park?
A) Jedediah Smith Wilderness
B) Gros Ventre Wilderness
C) National Elk Refuge
D) Teton Wilderness
  • 66. What geological process led to the formation of kettles in Jackson Hole?
A) The kettles formed due to sedimentary layering.
B) Kettles were formed when ice under gravel outwash from ice sheets melted as glaciers retreated.
C) Kettles are a result of erosion by the Snake River.
D) They were created by volcanic activity beneath the valley.
  • 67. Which lake is located at an elevation of 9,035 ft (2,754 m)?
A) Two Ocean Lake
B) Lake Solitude
C) Emma Matilda Lake
D) Jackson Lake
  • 68. Which waterfall in the park is noted for being easily accessible?
A) Buffalo Fork Falls
B) Cascade Falls
C) Hidden Falls
D) Teton Falls
  • 69. Which river is a major tributary that flows into the Snake River near Moran?
A) Pacific Creek
B) Gros Ventre River
C) Jackson River
D) Buffalo Fork
  • 70. Which lake is ice-clogged for much of the year?
A) Icefloe Lake
B) Leigh Lake
C) Phelps Lake
D) Jackson Lake
  • 71. Which period of glaciation ended roughly 15,000 years ago?
A) Buffalo Glaciation
B) Bull Lake glaciation
C) Pinedale glaciation
D) Little Ice Age
  • 72. What global event is the heavy glaciation of the Teton Range associated with?
A) Cenozoic era
B) Quaternary glaciation
C) Holocene epoch
D) Pleistocene epoch
  • 73. What type of valleys were formed by glacial activity in the Teton Range?
A) V-shaped valleys
B) U-shaped valleys
C) Oval-shaped valleys
D) Circular valleys
  • 74. During which eon were the oldest rocks in Grand Teton National Park formed?
A) Proterozoic Eon
B) Archean Eon
C) Mesozoic Era
D) Paleozoic Era
  • 75. What type of rocks intruded the metamorphic rocks 2,545 million years ago in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Igneous granitic rocks
B) Limestone
C) Sedimentary sandstone and shale
D) Coal seams
  • 76. What type of rocks left dikes visible on the east face of Mount Moran and Middle Teton?
A) Limestone
B) Coal seams
C) Diabase rocks
D) Dolomite
  • 77. Which sedimentary formation continues to cap Mount Moran?
A) Amphibolites
B) Bentonite deposits
C) Flathead Formation sandstone
D) Pegmatite intrusions
  • 78. What geological event occurred just east of Grand Teton National Park in 1925?
A) A volcanic eruption
B) The Gros Ventre landslide
C) Deposition of bentonite
D) Formation of Teewinot Lake
  • 79. Which tree is most common on the valley floor of Grand Teton National Park?
A) Whitebark pine
B) Subalpine fir
C) Engelmann spruce
D) Lodgepole pine
  • 80. What is an ecotone in the context of Grand Teton National Park?
A) Where various ecological niches overlap
B) A zone exclusively for wildlife
C) An area with no plant life
D) A type of tree found in the park
  • 81. Which mammal species was reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park before migrating into Grand Teton National Park?
A) Coyote
B) Grizzly bear
C) American black bear
D) Gray wolf
  • 82. How many species of mammals have been recorded in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Fifty
B) Sixty-one
C) Eighty
D) Seventy-five
  • 83. Which bird is the smallest species found in mainland North America and has been sighted in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bald eagle
B) Trumpeter swan
C) American wigeon
D) Calliope hummingbird
  • 84. What is the largest waterfowl species found in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Blue-winged teal
B) Harlequin duck
C) Trumpeter swan
D) American wigeon
  • 85. Which mammal is the fastest land animal in the western hemisphere found in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Coyote
B) Pronghorn
C) Bison
D) Elk
  • 86. Which amphibian species was introduced to Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bullfrog
B) Tiger salamander
C) Northern leopard frog
D) Columbia spotted frog
  • 87. Which bird of prey is most commonly reported in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Osprey
B) Red-tailed hawk
C) Peregrine falcon
D) Great horned owl
  • 88. Which ungulate tends to stay near waterways and wetlands in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bison
B) Pronghorn
C) Elk
D) Moose
  • 89. How many species of bats are found in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Eight
B) Ten
C) Six
D) Four
  • 90. Which mammal is known to consume roughly 20,000 kcal/day from Army cutworm moths in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bears
B) Coyotes
C) American black bears
D) Grizzly bears
  • 91. Which bird is occasionally spotted in Cascade Canyon within Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bald eagle
B) American wigeon
C) Common merganser
D) Harlequin duck
  • 92. Which mammal species are most commonly seen in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bison
B) Moose
C) Elk
D) Pronghorn
  • 93. What is a common result of lower severity surface fires on Lodgepole Pine?
A) No impact on seed germination.
B) Complete destruction of seeds.
C) Decreased species diversity.
D) Higher post-wildfire regeneration.
  • 94. In which year was the first air quality monitoring station established in Grand Teton National Park?
A) 1999
B) 2002
C) 2005
D) 2011
  • 95. What type of climate does Grand Teton National Park have according to the Köppen climate classification system?
A) Arid desert climate
B) Mediterranean climate
C) Humid continental climate (Dfb)
D) Tropical rainforest climate
  • 96. How many distinct routes lead to the summit of Grand Teton?
A) 38
B) 24
C) 50
D) 12
  • 97. What is required for climbers planning an overnight stay in the backcountry of Grand Teton National Park?
A) A permit.
B) A guide from Exum Mountain Guides
C) No special requirements.
D) Voluntary registration only
  • 98. How many campsites are available at the Lizard Creek campground?
A) 49
B) 86
C) 350
D) 60
  • 99. What type of camping is permitted at Colter Bay near the visitor center during winter?
A) Front-country camping
B) Backcountry camping
C) Primitive winter camping
D) Vehicle camping
  • 100. Where are horses and pack animals permitted in the park?
A) Exclusively in front-country campgrounds
B) Almost all trails, with specific backcountry camping locations
C) On vehicle roadways only
D) Only on paved pathways
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