- 1. In 'The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature', Steven Pinker explores the intricate relationship between human nature and the development of society, challenging the widely held belief that humans are born as 'blank slates' devoid of inherent traits, and shaped solely by their environment. Through a comprehensive examination of psychology, genetics, and evolutionary biology, Pinker argues that our behaviors, thoughts, and even preferences are significantly influenced by our biological heritage. He delves into the implications of this viewpoint, addressing contentious issues such as violence, gender differences, and the role of culture in human development. Pinker critiques the philosophical underpinnings of the blank slate theory, advocating for a perspective that acknowledges the importance of our genetic predispositions while also recognizing the social factors that interact with them. By doing so, he not only defends the validity of human nature but also calls for a more nuanced understanding of how nature and nurture coexist in shaping the individual. The book is a compelling blend of scientific inquiry and philosophical debate, ultimately seeking to illuminate the complexity of human behavior and destiny.
According to Pinker, the 'Blank Slate' metaphor is most closely associated with which philosopher?
A) René Descartes
B) John Locke
C) Immanuel Kant
D) Plato
- 2. Pinker argues that denying human nature can lead to what problematic outcome?
A) Stronger community bonds
B) Increased economic equality
C) Ineffective social policies
D) Greater artistic expression
- 3. What field of study provides the primary evidence for Pinker's arguments about human nature?
A) Classical economics
B) Evolutionary psychology
C) Behaviorist psychology
D) Postmodern literary theory
- 4. What is the 'Ghost in the Machine' a metaphor for?
A) The blank slate theory of the mind
B) A malfunctioning computer
C) The idea of the noble savage
D) The concept of a non-physical mind or soul
- 5. Pinker argues that a fear of what often underlies resistance to the idea of human nature?
A) Scientific progress
B) Determinism and inequality
C) Religious dogma
D) Political freedom
- 6. Pinker argues that political ideologies often fail because they do what?
A) Are not radical enough
B) Ignore the constraints of human nature
C) Focus too much on economics
D) Are based on religious principles
- 7. What is a key piece of evidence Pinker uses for innate mental structures?
A) The diversity of religious beliefs
B) The universal acquisition of language by children
C) Differences in national cuisines
D) Historical changes in fashion
- 8. What does Pinker suggest is the real basis for individual rights?
A) The shared capacity for suffering and flourishing
B) Government legislation
C) Religious texts
D) The blank slate nature of all people
- 9. Pinker argues that the arts and humanities are compatible with science because they what?
A) Are fundamentally irrational
B) Explore the same human nature from different angles
C) Deal only with subjective fantasy
D) Should be replaced by scientific inquiry
- 10. What is Pinker's overall tone regarding the future, given his view of human nature?
A) Cautiously optimistic
B) Uncritically hopeful
C) Indifferent and neutral
D) Deeply pessimistic
- 11. The 'Blank Slate' is a modern term for which philosophical concept?
A) The Noble Savage
B) Tabula Rasa
C) Cogito ergo sum
D) The Ghost in the Machine
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