- 1. In 'The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature', Steven Pinker explores the intricate relationship between human nature and the development of society, challenging the widely held belief that humans are born as 'blank slates' devoid of inherent traits, and shaped solely by their environment. Through a comprehensive examination of psychology, genetics, and evolutionary biology, Pinker argues that our behaviors, thoughts, and even preferences are significantly influenced by our biological heritage. He delves into the implications of this viewpoint, addressing contentious issues such as violence, gender differences, and the role of culture in human development. Pinker critiques the philosophical underpinnings of the blank slate theory, advocating for a perspective that acknowledges the importance of our genetic predispositions while also recognizing the social factors that interact with them. By doing so, he not only defends the validity of human nature but also calls for a more nuanced understanding of how nature and nurture coexist in shaping the individual. The book is a compelling blend of scientific inquiry and philosophical debate, ultimately seeking to illuminate the complexity of human behavior and destiny.
According to Pinker, the 'Blank Slate' metaphor is most closely associated with which philosopher?
A) Plato
B) René Descartes
C) Immanuel Kant
D) John Locke
- 2. Pinker argues that denying human nature can lead to what problematic outcome?
A) Increased economic equality
B) Greater artistic expression
C) Ineffective social policies
D) Stronger community bonds
- 3. What field of study provides the primary evidence for Pinker's arguments about human nature?
A) Behaviorist psychology
B) Evolutionary psychology
C) Classical economics
D) Postmodern literary theory
- 4. What is the 'Ghost in the Machine' a metaphor for?
A) The concept of a non-physical mind or soul
B) A malfunctioning computer
C) The idea of the noble savage
D) The blank slate theory of the mind
- 5. Pinker argues that a fear of what often underlies resistance to the idea of human nature?
A) Determinism and inequality
B) Scientific progress
C) Religious dogma
D) Political freedom
- 6. Pinker argues that political ideologies often fail because they do what?
A) Ignore the constraints of human nature
B) Are based on religious principles
C) Are not radical enough
D) Focus too much on economics
- 7. What is a key piece of evidence Pinker uses for innate mental structures?
A) The diversity of religious beliefs
B) Historical changes in fashion
C) The universal acquisition of language by children
D) Differences in national cuisines
- 8. What does Pinker suggest is the real basis for individual rights?
A) Religious texts
B) The blank slate nature of all people
C) Government legislation
D) The shared capacity for suffering and flourishing
- 9. Pinker argues that the arts and humanities are compatible with science because they what?
A) Are fundamentally irrational
B) Should be replaced by scientific inquiry
C) Explore the same human nature from different angles
D) Deal only with subjective fantasy
- 10. What is Pinker's overall tone regarding the future, given his view of human nature?
A) Deeply pessimistic
B) Cautiously optimistic
C) Indifferent and neutral
D) Uncritically hopeful
- 11. The 'Blank Slate' is a modern term for which philosophical concept?
A) Tabula Rasa
B) The Noble Savage
C) The Ghost in the Machine
D) Cogito ergo sum
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