Psychological
  • 1. Psychological refers to the state of mind and emotions of an individual, encompassing experiences, thoughts, feelings, and behavior. It explores the intricate workings of the human mind, including cognitive processes, emotions, motivations, and mental health. Understanding psychological phenomena through research and observation plays a crucial role in various fields such as psychology, sociology, education, and healthcare. Psychotherapy and counseling are common interventions used to address psychological issues and promote mental well-being. Overall, the study of psychology sheds light on the complexities of human behavior and cognition, offering insights into how people think, feel, and interact with the world around them.

    What is the study of how people think, feel, and behave?
A) Biology
B) Sociology
C) Psychology
D) Anthropology
  • 2. Who is often referred to as the father of psychoanalysis?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Ivan Pavlov
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Carl Jung
  • 3. Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for emotional responses?
A) Frontal lobe
B) Hippocampus
C) Amygdala
D) Cerebellum
  • 4. Which of the following is NOT a major perspective in psychology?
A) Behavioral
B) Cognitive
C) Astrological
D) Biological
  • 5. What is the term for the collection of different mental processes working together?
A) Cognition
B) Intelligence
C) Consciousness
D) Emotion
  • 6. Who conducted the controversial Stanford prison experiment?
A) B.F. Skinner
B) Philip Zimbardo
C) Stanley Milgram
D) Ivan Pavlov
  • 7. Which neurological disorder is characterized by repetitive behaviors and social challenges?
A) Autism
B) Alzheimer's
C) Schizophrenia
D) Dyslexia
  • 8. Which process involves modifying existing mental schemas to fit new information?
A) Accommodation
B) Integration
C) Assimilation
D) Adaptation
  • 9. Which type of memory relates to retention of events and experiences over time?
A) Episodic memory
B) Working memory
C) Procedural memory
D) Semantic memory
  • 10. What is the name for the system that controls the fight-or-flight response in stressful situations?
A) Sympathetic nervous system
B) Enteric nervous system
C) Parasympathetic nervous system
D) Central nervous system
  • 11. What theory suggests that behavior is influenced by observable reinforcement and punishment?
A) Gestalt psychology
B) Behaviorism
C) Structuralism
D) Functionalism
  • 12. Who proposed the hierarchy of needs, emphasizing the importance of psychological growth?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Jean Piaget
D) Lawrence Kohlberg
  • 13. What term describes the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information in the brain?
A) Learning
B) Memory
C) Cognition
D) Perception
  • 14. Who is known for proposing the concept of the social identity theory?
A) Albert Bandura
B) Carl Rogers
C) Henri Tajfel
D) Karen Horney
  • 15. What is the term for the unconscious defense mechanism where individuals attribute their negative qualities to others?
A) Denial
B) Projection
C) Regression
D) Rationalization
  • 16. Which technique involves a therapist guiding a client toward self-discovery and insight?
A) Medication
B) Electroconvulsive therapy
C) Hypnosis
D) Psychotherapy
  • 17. What process involves the encoding of information from sensory inputs?
A) Consciousness
B) Interpretation
C) Attention
D) Perception
  • 18. Which theory suggests that emotions result from physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation?
A) James-Lange theory
B) Two-factor theory
C) Facial feedback hypothesis
D) Cannon-Bard theory
  • 19. What is the term for the ability to understand and share the feelings of another?
A) Compassion
B) Altruism
C) Sympathy
D) Empathy
  • 20. Which disorder is characterized by fluctuations in mood from extreme highs to extreme lows?
A) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
B) Bipolar disorder
C) Post-traumatic stress disorder
D) Panic disorder
  • 21. Who proposed the theory that cognitive development occurs through interactions with the social environment and through language?
A) Lev Vygotsky
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Jean Piaget
D) Erik Erikson
  • 22. What term describes the stage of moral development where individuals adhere to societal rules for the sake of maintaining social order?
A) Postconventional
B) Preconventional
C) Conventional
D) Personal
  • 23. What is the term for the process of adapting to environmental demands?
A) Adaptation
B) Coping
C) Stress
D) Resilience
  • 24. Who developed the theory of operant conditioning?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Albert Bandura
D) Ivan Pavlov
  • 25. What is the purpose of the Rorschach inkblot test?
A) To diagnose specific mental disorders
B) To evaluate physical health
C) To measure intelligence
D) To assess personality and emotional functioning
  • 26. What is the term for a pattern of behavior or thinking that feels comfortable and familiar?
A) Habituation
B) Comfort zone
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Selective attention
  • 27. Who developed the theory of cognitive development that includes sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages?
A) Jean Piaget
B) Erik Erikson
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Lawrence Kohlberg
  • 28. What is the purpose of the MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory)?
A) To diagnose physical illnesses
B) To evaluate social skills
C) To measure intelligence and cognitive abilities
D) To assess personality characteristics and psychological disorders
  • 29. What is psychology?
A) The study of animals
B) The study of chemical reactions
C) The study of physical health
D) The scientific study of the mind and behavior
  • 30. What is the purpose of a correlation study in psychology?
A) To examine the relationship between two variables
B) To observe behavior in natural settings
C) To analyze brain activity using imaging techniques
D) To test cause-and-effect relationships
  • 31. Which cognitive bias involves relying on the first piece of information encountered when making decisions?
A) Confirmation bias
B) Anchoring bias
C) Hindsight bias
D) Availability heuristic
  • 32. Which social psychologist is famous for the experiment on obedience conducted at Yale University?
A) Stanley Milgram
B) Solomon Asch
C) Muzafer Sherif
D) Philip Zimbardo
  • 33. What hypothesis states that people compare themselves to others to assess their abilities and opinions?
A) Social identity theory
B) Social comparison theory
C) Cognitive dissonance theory
D) Self-perception theory
  • 34. Which defense mechanism involves shifting unacceptable impulses to a more acceptable or less threatening target?
A) Repression
B) Sublimation
C) Projection
D) Displacement
  • 35. Who is considered the father of modern psychology?
A) Ivan Pavlov
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Wilhelm Wundt
D) B.F. Skinner
  • 36. Which area of psychology explores how people make decisions and judgments?
A) Neuropsychology
B) Cognitive psychology
C) Developmental psychology
D) Industrial-organizational psychology
  • 37. What is the main idea behind Albert Bandura's social learning theory?
A) Behavior is primarily influenced by genetics
B) Behavior is shaped by reinforcement and punishment
C) Behavior is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning
D) Behavior is determined solely by inner conflicts
  • 38. Which part of the brain is responsible for decision making, problem solving, and planning?
A) Prefrontal cortex
B) Hippocampus
C) Cerebellum
D) Amygdala
  • 39. Which research method involves observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without manipulating variables?
A) Case study
B) Naturalistic observation
C) Survey research
D) Experimental research
  • 40. What is the concept of neuroplasticity in psychology?
A) The relationship between brain size and intelligence
B) The brain's ability to reorganize and adapt throughout life
C) The study of neurons and their functions
D) The impact of genetic factors on behavior
  • 41. Which neurotransmitter is associated with pleasure, reward, and addiction?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Acetylcholine
D) GABA
  • 42. What is the main focus of positive psychology?
A) Exploring subconscious motives
B) Analyzing abnormal behavior
C) Investigating personality disorders
D) Studying factors that contribute to human happiness and well-being
  • 43. What is the term for a disorder characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and feelings of worthlessness?
A) Depression
B) Anxiety
C) Schizophrenia
D) Bipolar disorder
  • 44. What is the term for the process of changing beliefs or behaviors in order to fit in with a group?
A) Persuasion
B) Obedience
C) Conformity
D) Compliance
  • 45. What term describes the difficulty in remembering where and when a memory was formed?
A) Retroactive interference
B) Encoding failure
C) Semantic confusion
D) Source amnesia
  • 46. What is emotional intelligence?
A) The ability to read body language accurately
B) The ability to perform well on IQ tests
C) The ability to understand and manage one's own emotions and effectively interact with others
D) The ability to control sensory perceptions
  • 47. What is the term for the process of reinforcing a behavior by rewarding it?
A) Negative reinforcement
B) Positive reinforcement
C) Punishment
D) Extinction
  • 48. What term describes the inability to remember events from early childhood?
A) Traumatic amnesia
B) Childhood amnesia
C) Selective amnesia
D) Infantile amnesia
  • 49. What is the bystander effect?
A) The fear of being judged by others
B) The phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help in an emergency when others are present
C) The tendency to conform to group norms
D) The tendency to mimic the behavior of others
  • 50. Which type of conditioning did Ivan Pavlov famously demonstrate in his experiments with dogs?
A) Social conditioning
B) Classical conditioning
C) Cultural conditioning
D) Operant conditioning
  • 51. What does the concept of self-actualization refer to?
A) The realization of one's full potential and abilities
B) The tendency to seek pleasure and avoid pain
C) The need for security and stability
D) The desire for social approval
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