Highway safety - Exam
  • 1. Highway safety refers to the measures put in place to reduce the risk of accidents, injuries, and fatalities on roads and highways. This includes proper traffic signage, speed limits, lane markings, regular maintenance of road infrastructure, enforcement of traffic laws, and promoting awareness about safe driving practices such as wearing seat belts and avoiding distractions. By prioritizing highway safety, we can create a safer environment for all road users and prevent unnecessary tragedies.

    What is the maximum speed limit on most highways in the United States?
A) 80 mph
B) 50 mph
C) 70 mph
D) 60 mph
  • 2. What does a yellow traffic light indicate?
A) Prepare to stop
B) Proceed with caution
C) Speed up
D) Take a U-turn
  • 3. Which of the following is a common cause of highway accidents?
A) Listening to music
B) Following speed limits
C) Eating while driving
D) Distracted driving
  • 4. Why is wearing a seatbelt important for highway safety?
A) Increases the chance of surviving an accident
B) Reduce the risk of serious injury in a crash
C) Improve fuel efficiency
D) Avoiding a ticket
  • 5. What should you do before changing lanes on the highway?
A) Check mirrors and blind spots
B) Text a friend
C) Honk at other drivers
D) Signal right and change lanes quickly
  • 6. What should you do if you witness a highway accident?
A) Ignore it and continue driving
B) Call emergency services and provide assistance if possible
C) Take pictures and post on social media
D) Blame the drivers involved
  • 7. What should you do if your car breaks down on a highway?
A) Keep driving to the nearest exit
B) Stay in the middle of the road
C) Wait for help in the car
D) Move to the shoulder and turn on hazard lights
  • 8. What should you do if you experience a tire blowout on the highway?
A) Gently apply the brakes and steer straight
B) Accelerate to regain control
C) Swerve sharply to the side
D) Close your eyes and pray
  • 9. What does a flashing red traffic light mean on the highway?
A) Speed up
B) Proceed with caution
C) The light is broken
D) Stop
  • 10. According to the WHO, how many people are estimated to be killed in traffic collisions each year?
A) Less than 100,000 people.
B) More than 1 million people.
C) Around 750,000 people.
D) Approximately 500,000 people.
  • 11. Which type of road typically has the highest fatality rate per billion-travel-kilometres?
A) Urban streets.
B) Major highways.
C) Rural roads.
D) All have similar rates.
  • 12. Which type of roads are often designed to minimize and attenuate crashes?
A) All road types equally.
B) Rural roads.
C) Urban streets.
D) Major highways.
  • 13. What was required in 19th century Britain for powered vehicles?
A) No specific requirements
B) A green light signal
C) A person carrying a red flag
D) A blue flag warning
  • 14. What did safety laws drive off the streets in the context of road use?
A) Pedestrians
B) Playing children
C) Motorized vehicles
D) Bicycles
  • 15. Where were walkers, bicycles, wheelchairs, and scooters ghettoized to?
A) Parks and recreational areas
B) The margins
C) Dedicated lanes only
D) Central streets
  • 16. Which organization provides guidelines for comparing traffic accident data between countries?
A) WHO/IRTAD
B) NHTSA
C) IIHS
D) FIA
  • 17. What is a traffic calming measure that has been shown to reduce collisions at intersections?
A) Rumble strips
B) Speed bumps
C) Cambered roads
D) Mini-traffic circles
  • 18. What is the principle of organization that gives preferential treatment to active modes of transport?
A) Shared space schemes
B) Filtered Permeability
C) Fused Grid
D) 3-Way Offset
  • 19. What type of road layout is recommended for new neighborhood networks to reduce cut-through traffic?
A) Boulevards
B) Highways
C) Four-way intersections
D) Loops or dead-end streets
  • 20. What feature of modern safety barriers helps minimize the risk to car occupants?
A) They are made from wood
B) They are painted bright colors
C) They absorb impact energy
D) They have reflective surfaces
  • 21. What is a common feature of roads to prevent frost damage and increase traction?
A) Cambered (crowned) surfaces
B) Grooves cut into the surface
C) Rumble strips
D) Porous bitumen surfacing
  • 22. What can cause poor wet-weather traction on roads?
A) Cambered road surfaces
B) Smooth asphalt surfaces or polished stone aggregate
C) Porous bitumen surfacing
D) Grooves cut into the surface
  • 23. What type of lane markers are not used in icy regions due to potential damage from snowplows?
A) Reflective raised pavement markers
B) Cat's eyes
C) Painted lines
D) Botts' dots
  • 24. What material is used in road signs and pavement markings to reflect light efficiently?
A) Wooden panels
B) Plastic beads
C) Small glass spheres or prisms
D) Metal strips
  • 25. What is a common feature in pedestrian areas to slow down cars?
A) Rumble strips
B) Speed bumps
C) Cambered surfaces
D) Grooves cut into the surface
  • 26. What can cause hydroplaning on roads?
A) Insufficiently sloped or poorly drained pavement
B) Grooves cut into the surface
C) Porous bitumen surfacing
D) Cambered road surfaces
  • 27. What is a major risk when turning across traffic?
A) Collision with oncoming traffic
B) Getting lost
C) Sudden tire puncture
D) Running out of fuel
  • 28. What is an alternative to 'tone bands' that provides both visual and audible/vibratory warnings?
A) Raised Rib markings
B) Steel dividers
C) Concrete barriers
D) Toll booths
  • 29. Which group is responsible for providing safe roads primarily?
A) Private sector only
B) Individual citizens
C) Non-profit organizations
D) Government
  • 30. What is a role of dunnage bags in cargo transport?
A) Enhance driver visibility
B) Increase cargo weight
C) Improve fuel efficiency
D) Prevent the load from moving during transport
  • 31. What concept did Hans Monderman develop in the 1990s?
A) 'Shared space'
B) Traffic calming
C) Pedestrian crossings
D) Woonerven
  • 32. In what year did the OECD's International Transport Forum report key figures for 37 member states?
A) 2013
B) 2020
C) 1965
D) 1991
  • 33. What percentage of global road traffic deaths are young adults aged between 15 and 44 years?
A) 69%
B) 49%
C) 79%
D) 59%
  • 34. What percentage of the world's road fatalities occur in low-income and middle-income countries?
A) 91%
B) 85%
C) 75%
D) 81%
  • 35. What initiative has been assessing major roads in Europe since 1999?
A) EuroRAP
B) EuropeSafetyAssessment
C) EuroSafeRoads
D) European Road Safety Initiative
  • 36. Which country has proposed constructing pedestrian footpaths and crossings to reduce road deaths?
A) United States
B) Costa Rica
C) Germany
D) Japan
  • 37. What percentage of road deaths in Costa Rica are pedestrians?
A) 40%
B) 57%
C) 70%
D) 25%
  • 38. How many countries have adequate laws addressing all five risk factors for road safety?
A) 50 countries
B) 35 countries
C) 28 countries
D) 40 countries
  • 39. By what percentage did the number of designated traffic officers in the UK fall between 1999 and 2004?
A) 10%
B) 21%
C) 25%
D) 15%
  • 40. Which organization was formed in 1991 to advocate for better road safety and founded World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims?
A) National Association of City Transportation Officials
B) The Automobile Association
C) RoadPeace
D) International Municipal Signal Association
  • 41. Which campaign has been ongoing in the US since the 1970s?
A) Green Cross Code
B) Think!
C) Designated driver campaign
D) Decade of Action
  • 42. In shared spaces, who is given priority over motorists?
A) Drivers of emergency vehicles
B) Cyclists
C) Motorists
D) Pedestrians
  • 43. What should you do at a bus stop to ensure safety?
A) Run to catch the bus if it's about to leave
B) Board or alight wherever convenient
C) Always follow the queue
D) Stand close to the curb regardless of traffic
  • 44. What is a benefit of intersection daylighting?
A) Reduces road width
B) Enhances visibility
C) Eliminates pedestrian crossings
D) Increases vehicle speed
  • 45. What percentage of highway crashes occur near toll collection booths?
A) 30%
B) 54.3%
C) 23%
D) 36.8%
  • 46. What is prohibited for pedestrians in some jurisdictions?
A) Using pedestrian signals
B) Walking on sidewalks
C) Crossing streets at designated crosswalks
D) Jaywalking may be prohibited
  • 47. In which country were the highest total deaths from vehicle-debris crashes recorded in 2011 according to NHTSA?
A) California
B) New York
C) Texas
D) Florida
  • 48. What is one method used to stabilize and secure cargo during road transport?
A) Covering with tarps
B) Tying with ropes
C) Using dunnage bags
D) Stacking tightly
  • 49. What is a common requirement for pedal cyclists regarding helmets?
A) Avoid wearing any protective gear
B) Wear a bicycle helmet
C) Use helmets only if they are stylish
D) Only wear helmets in certain weather conditions
  • 50. What should you do to ensure safety when exiting a car?
A) Exit from the driver's side
B) Check mirrors only after opening the door
C) Open the door quickly with your dominant hand
D) Practice the 'Dutch reach' technique
  • 51. What type of insurance adjusts costs according to driving patterns?
A) Pay-as-you-drive insurance
B) Collision insurance
C) Comprehensive insurance
D) Liability insurance
  • 52. What is a reason for the underestimation of motorway capacity in developing nations?
A) Limited construction technology
B) Suppressed demand for road travel
C) Overestimated traffic volumes
D) Excessive toll collection
  • 53. What is a common method to reduce driver fatigue on motorways?
A) Increasing speed limits
B) Removing median dividers
C) Developing automated roadways
D) Adding more toll booths
  • 54. Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death among which age group according to WHO?
A) 30–44 years
B) 15–29 years
C) 25–35 years
D) 10–20 years
  • 55. What percentage effectiveness do helmets have in saving the lives of motorcyclists involved in crashes, according to NHTSA?
A) 60 percent
B) 37 percent
C) 25 percent
D) 50 percent
  • 56. What did shared space aim to eliminate?
A) Pedestrian crossings only
B) All traffic lights
C) Many traditional safety features
D) Cycle lanes exclusively
  • 57. Who suggested that many safety features might be self-defeating due to increased speeding?
A) John Adams
B) Hans Monderman
C) The Pedestrians' Association
D) Belisha Beacons
  • 58. What percentage of rural road deaths occur on single carriageways in Britain?
A) 70%
B) 60%
C) 80%
D) 90%
  • 59. Which campaign encourages seatbelt use in the UK?
A) Speeding. No one thinks big of you.
B) Think!
C) Clunk Click Every Trip
D) Green Cross Code
  • 60. Which campaign encourages seatbelt use in the UK since 1971?
A) Think!
B) Decade of Action
C) Speeding. No one thinks big of you.
D) Clunk Click Every Trip
  • 61. How many member states and observer countries were reported on by the OECD's ITF/IRTAD in 2020?
A) 37
B) 34
C) 50
D) 62
  • 62. What proportion of rural car occupant casualties are due to hitting roadside objects like trees in Britain?
A) 40%
B) 50%
C) 20%
D) 30%
  • 63. Which system assists drivers by improving vehicle stability?
A) Automatic transmission systems
B) Heated seats
C) Electronic Stability Control
D) Bluetooth connectivity
  • 64. What do TSR and the Road to Zero Coalition work alongside?
A) Government policies
B) Military operations
C) Space exploration programs
D) Educational institutions
  • 65. Which practice helps prevent dooring incidents?
A) Exiting from the driver's side
B) Checking mirrors only before driving off
C) Opening the door quickly with your dominant hand
D) Practicing the 'Dutch reach'
  • 66. Which concept shares similarities with shared spaces by reducing traffic speeds in community zones?
A) Cycle lanes
B) 'Living streets'
C) Belisha beacons
D) Traffic lights
  • 67. What percentage of road fatalities occurred on rural roads in the European Union in 2015?
A) 36.8%
B) 23%
C) 54.3%
D) 30%
  • 68. How do truck drivers indicate they are parked on the hard shoulder in the UK?
A) By parking perpendicular to traffic
B) By using electronic signals
C) By turning off their hazard lights
D) By putting their cab seat behind their truck
  • 69. How many stars represent the best survivability features in a road according to EuroRAP?
A) 2 stars
B) 5 stars
C) 3 stars
D) 4 stars
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