- 1. Relativity, as proposed by Albert Einstein in his theory of special relativity, revolutionized our understanding of space and time. This theory states that the laws of physics are the same for all observers in uniform motion relative to each other. It introduces the concept that time is not absolute but relative, and that space and time are interconnected in a four-dimensional continuum known as spacetime. This groundbreaking theory has far-reaching implications on our understanding of the universe, from the behavior of particles at high speeds to the warping of spacetime by massive objects like black holes.
Who is credited with developing the theory of general relativity?
A) Nikola Tesla
B) Albert Einstein
C) Isaac Newton
D) Galileo Galilei
- 2. What is the famous equation associated with Einstein's theory of relativity?
A) a² + b² = c²
B) F=ma
C) PV=nRT
D) E=mc²
- 3. In special relativity, what happens to an object's mass as it approaches the speed of light?
A) Decreases
B) Increases
C) Becomes zero
D) Remains constant
- 4. According to general relativity, what does gravity result from?
A) Attraction of opposite charges
B) Exchange of gravitons
C) Curvature of spacetime
D) Pressure difference
- 5. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
A) 100,000 meters per second
B) 299,792,458 meters per second
C) 500,000 kilometers per hour
D) 999,999 miles per second
- 6. What is the name given to an object in space from which the escape velocity equals or exceeds the speed of light?
A) Pulsar
B) Quasar
C) Neutron star
D) Black hole
- 7. In special relativity, what is the invariant quantity that combines time and space?
A) Kinetic energy
B) Spacetime interval
C) Potential energy
D) Action
- 8. Which famous thought experiment involving twins illustrates the effects of time dilation?
A) Pendulum's journey
B) Twin Paradox
C) Schrödinger's cat
D) Hawking's black hole
- 9. What effect does gravity have on time as predicted by general relativity?
A) Time runs slower in stronger gravitational fields
B) Time stops in stronger gravitational fields
C) Time runs faster in stronger gravitational fields
D) Time remains constant in stronger gravitational fields
- 10. What does the Lorentz transformation describe in the context of special relativity?
A) The transformation of space into time
B) The transformation of matter into energy
C) The transformation of mass with velocity
D) The relationship between space and time coordinates in different inertial frames
- 11. What is the name of the theoretical points where space and time become infinitely warped due to gravity?
A) Event horizon
B) Singularity
C) Aether
D) Null point
- 12. What happens to the length of objects in the direction of motion according to special relativity?
A) Length contraction
B) Length conservation
C) Length distortion
D) Length expansion
- 13. In General Relativity, what describes the property of matter and energy to curve spacetime?
A) Stress-energy tensor
B) Hawking radiation
C) Compton wavelength
D) Planck length
- 14. In General Relativity, what is the name of the property where nothing can escape a certain region of spacetime?
A) Horizon line
B) Event horizon
C) Escape boundary
D) Singularity
- 15. Which type of relativity is concerned with observers in uniform motion relative to one another?
A) General relativity
B) Galilean relativity
C) Special relativity
D) Quantum relativity
- 16. What is the relationship between mass and energy according to relativity?
A) Mass is a form of energy
B) Mass can be converted into energy and vice versa
C) Mass and energy are completely unrelated
D) Energy can only be converted into mass
- 17. In time dilation, what is the factor that relates time intervals in relative motion?
A) Lorentz factor
B) Avogadro's number
C) Planck constant
D) Boltzmann constant
- 18. In Special Relativity, what is the name of the transformation that relates observations in different inertial frames?
A) Lorentz transformation
B) Galilean transformation
C) Bohr transformation
D) Minkowski transformation
- 19. What effect does the acceleration of an observer have on the perception of time?
A) Acceleration has no effect on time perception
B) Accelerated observer experiences time dilation
C) Acceleration causes time to stop
D) Accelerated observer experiences time contraction
- 20. What do clocks in a stronger gravitational field experience compared to clocks in a weaker gravitational field?
A) Reverse time
B) Constant time
C) Slower time
D) Faster time
- 21. What is the name given to the event horizon surrounding a rotating black hole?
A) Photon sphere
B) Ergosphere
C) Singularity
D) Vanishing point
- 22. What is the name given to the apparent slowing down of time as an object approaches the event horizon of a black hole?
A) Black hole time warping
B) Singularity slowdown
C) Event horizontime
D) Gravitational time dilation
- 23. What is the name of the particle associated with the transmission of gravity in quantum theory?
A) Graviton
B) Neutrino
C) Boson
D) Photon
- 24. What concept does the equivalence principle in general relativity establish?
A) Equivalence of matter and antimatter
B) Equivalence of dark matter and dark energy
C) Equivalence of electric and magnetic fields
D) Equivalence of gravitational and inertial mass
- 25. What does the equivalence principle state?
A) Gravity is indistinguishable from acceleration
B) Entropy remains constant in a closed system
C) Energy is conserved in all interactions
D) All objects fall at the same rate
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