- 1. The Riddle of the Universe, written by Ernst Haeckel in the late 19th century, is a significant philosophical and scientific work that delves into the complexities of life, evolution, and the interconnectedness of all living beings. Haeckel, a fervent supporter of Darwinian evolution, sought to explain not only the biological principles underlying the development of species but also the metaphysical implications of these principles on humanity's understanding of its place in the cosmos. In this profound text, he explores various themes such as the nature of existence, the unity of life, and the emergence of consciousness, providing readers with a comprehensive overview of his biological and philosophical views. Haeckel's vivid illustrations complement his intricate descriptions, showcasing the beauty and diversity of life forms, which he believes reflect a divine plan or 'monism' that unites nature and spirit. The work challenges readers to contemplate the origins of life and the universe, encouraging a sense of wonder and curiosity about the scientific discoveries of his time. Haeckel's vision was not just a scientific inquiry but a call to understand the profound connections that bind all organisms, advocating for a holistic view of life that recognizes the intricacies of the natural world and humanity's role within it.
What year was 'The Riddle of the Universe' first published?
A) 1899
B) 1915
C) 1905
D) 1859
- 2. Haeckel was a prominent advocate of which scientific theory?
A) Plate tectonics
B) Evolution
C) Relativity
D) Quantum mechanics
- 3. Haeckel was highly critical of which major institution?
A) The scientific academy
B) The Church
C) The university system
D) The monarchy
- 4. What was Haeckel's profession?
A) Physicist
B) Biologist
C) Theologian
D) Astronomer
- 5. Haeckel's work was influential in the development of which controversial ideology?
A) Social Darwinism
B) Fascism
C) Anarchism
D) Communism
- 6. Haeckel's 'biogenetic law' is often summarized by which phrase?
A) Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny
B) Nature abhors a vacuum
C) The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
D) Survival of the fittest
- 7. Haeckel saw which process as the driving force behind the development of life?
A) Natural selection
B) Cosmic radiation
C) Divine intervention
D) Spontaneous generation
- 8. Haeckel's work was part of which broader 19th-century intellectual movement?
A) Existentialism
B) Transcendentalism
C) Scientific materialism
D) Romanticism
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