A) 2010 B) 1997 C) 2004 D) 2005
A) Sarah Hyland B) Elke Büdenbender C) Natalie Cole D) Selena Gomez
A) Two B) One C) Three D) Four
A) 2017 B) 2012 C) 2015 D) 2007
A) 11 years B) 6 years C) 4 years D) 8 years
A) 1990 B) 1997 C) 2004 D) 2000
A) Sean Elliott B) Alonzo Mourning C) Ron Springs D) Kenny Easley
A) 2017 B) 2012 C) 2005 D) 2007
A) Sean Elliott B) Ron Springs C) Kenny Easley D) Alonzo Mourning
A) 28 years B) 5 years C) 8 years D) 14 years
A) 4 years B) 1 month C) 11 years D) 5 years
A) 2003 B) 2010 C) 2005 D) 2007
A) Jennifer Harman B) Tracy Morgan C) George Lopez D) Steven Cojocaru
A) 2017 B) 2010 C) 2005 D) 2007
A) ABO blood group and HLA compatibility B) HLA matching and blood pressure C) Age and organ size D) Blood group and gender
A) Kidney paired donation B) Organ recycling C) Sequential matching D) HLA-swapping
A) Plasmapheresis B) Immunosuppressive steroid therapy C) Cedars-Sinai High Dose IVIG D) Lich-Gregoir therapy
A) Panel reactive antibody test B) ABO blood typing C) Urinalysis D) Genetic chromosome analysis
A) Up to 17% B) Up to 5% C) Up to 33% D) Up to 50%
A) Removal increases the risk of infection B) They are difficult to surgically reach C) Removal increases surgical morbidity D) They help with hormone regulation
A) Right-sided iliac fossa B) Upper abdominal cavity C) The original renal bed D) The left-sided lumbar region
A) Abdominal aorta B) External iliac artery C) Inferior vena cava D) Internal iliac artery
A) Inferior vena cava B) Common iliac vein C) External iliac vein D) Renal vein
A) Ciancio-Lich method B) Iliac anastomosis protocol C) Campbell's technique D) Modified Lich-Gregoir technique
A) Smith's Urology B) The Journal of Transplantation C) Campbell's Urology D) Glen's Urological Surgery
A) To ensure the renal pelvis and ureter are anterior B) To reduce blood supply distance C) To improve postoperative pain management D) To keep the vessels more horizontal
A) There is more room in the pelvis B) It is easier to reach the bladder C) Vessels are more horizontal D) It reduces the risk of rejection
A) Lich-Gregoir stenting B) Kidney paired donation C) IVIG and gene therapy D) Plasmapheresis and increased immunosuppression
A) Scotland B) Wales C) England D) Northern Ireland
A) Mandatory donation B) Active enrollment C) Voluntary opt-in D) Deemed consent
A) 2022 B) 2015 C) 2013 D) 2020
A) Antibiotic B) Epclusa C) Hepatitis C vaccine D) Immunosuppressant
A) By preventing organ rejection B) By curing Hepatitis C positive individuals C) By extending organ shelf-life D) By promoting opt-in registration
A) Oxford University B) Johns Hopkins University C) University of Alabama, Birmingham D) Massachusetts General Hospital
A) The Lancet B) New England Journal of Medicine C) Nature Medicine D) American Journal of Transplantation
A) End-stage renal failure B) Acute kidney injury C) Brain-dead D) Healthy volunteer
A) A pathogen-free facility B) A wild boar habitat C) A veterinary clinic D) A local farm
A) December 2015 B) March 2024 C) January 2022 D) December 2020
A) They were temporarily bypassed B) They were repaired C) They were left in place D) They were removed
A) 1–3 inches B) 12–15 inches C) 4–7 inches D) 8–10 inches
A) 100 cases B) 300 cases C) 50 cases D) 150 cases
A) Live donor grafts B) Synthetic grafts C) Deceased donor grafts D) Robotic-assisted grafts
A) Mayo Clinic B) Cleveland Clinic C) Saint Barnabas Medical Center D) Johns Hopkins Hospital
A) Baltimore, Maryland B) New York, New York C) Boston, Massachusetts D) Livingston, New Jersey
A) Five B) Twelve C) Eight D) Ten
A) Harvard Medical School B) Johns Hopkins Hospital C) University of Maryland Medical Center D) Saint Barnabas Medical Center
A) Robotic-assisted traditional laparoscopy B) Open surgery C) Laser-guided microsurgery D) Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery
A) The navel B) The lower back C) The vagina D) The side of the abdomen
A) Boost donor numbers B) Increase surgical costs C) Decrease graft success rates D) Require longer recovery times
A) Reducing the cost of surgical procedures B) Increasing the number of available hospital beds C) Ensuring good long-term outcomes D) Maximizing the number of transplants performed
A) The hospital loses surgical funding B) The donor's insurance expires C) The recipient becomes too ill for transplant D) The donor changes their mind
A) The recipient is usually immunosuppressed B) The donor needs to be cured first C) It is a legal requirement for all surgeries D) It prevents the donor from getting sick
A) Anatomy B) Color C) Blood type alone D) Weight
A) History of broken bones B) Minor allergies C) Diabetes D) Corrected vision
A) Heart rate variability B) Blood glucose levels C) Proteinuria D) Lung capacity
A) Financial contribution B) Genetic compatibility C) Employment status D) Coercion
A) Mild anxiety B) Controlled asthma C) A history of appendicitis D) Severe obesity
A) Occasional headaches B) High cholesterol C) Controlled mild hypertension D) Uncontrolled hypertension
A) The need for additional tests B) The donor's geographic location C) Changes in federal law D) A lack of hospital staff
A) Approximately 25% B) Approximately 5% C) Approximately 10% D) Approximately 50%
A) Genetic disorders B) Infection C) Lupus D) Idiopathic
A) Controlled hypertension B) Hepatic disease C) Stable asthma D) Mild depression
A) High fitness levels B) Medication compliance C) Family support D) Ability to pay
A) Low protein diet B) Increased water intake C) Regular physical exercise D) Tobacco use
A) Thomas Starzl B) Hartwell Harrison C) Richard Lawler D) Joseph Murray
A) In the upper back B) Replacing the native kidney in its original position C) In the chest cavity D) In the lower abdomen
A) Simon Flexner B) Richard Lawler C) Yuriy Voronyi D) Jean Hamburger
A) 36% B) 10% C) 50% D) 25%
A) Prednisolone B) Tacrolimus C) Ciclosporin D) Azathioprine
A) Improved muscle strength B) Hyperglycemia relief C) Osteoporosis D) Increased skin elasticity
A) 50% B) 47% C) 3% D) 33%
A) Spouses B) Siblings who were not twins C) Strangers D) Identical twins
A) 70 B) 30 C) 60 D) 100
A) Physical exercise B) Protein intake C) Water consumption D) Vitamin supplements
A) Chris Strouth B) The National Kidney Registry C) Michael Rees D) The FDA
A) International Transplant Ethics Board B) National Kidney Research Fund C) Organs Watch D) Global Organ Initiative
A) Legal prosecution B) Excessive organ cooling C) Over-prescription of heparin D) Poor infection control
A) 10 B) 23 C) 100 D) 50
A) NaCl-solution B) HTK solution C) Viaspan D) Heparin
A) NaCl B) Glucose C) HTK D) Heparin
A) 1976 B) 1980 C) 1990 D) 1966
A) PAK B) KPT C) SKP D) PKT
A) 3 to 5 days B) 4 to 10 days C) 7 to 15 days D) About three hours
A) 3–5 days B) 1–2 days C) 7–15 days D) 4–10 days
A) Prednisolone B) Diuretics C) Ciclosporin D) Tacrolimus
A) Nephrotoxicity B) Ureter rejection C) Increased insulin production D) Liver failure
A) The 1980s B) The 1970s C) The 1990s D) The 1960s
A) CT scan B) PET scan C) MRI D) Ultrasound
A) 0.70 B) 0.50 C) 0.80 D) 0.60
A) Grapefruit B) Spinach C) Apples D) Carrots
A) Tacrolimus B) Aspirin C) Insulin D) Metformin
A) Hair loss B) Hirsutism C) Tinnitus D) Blindness
A) Glomerulonephritis B) Acute rejection C) Vascular thrombosis D) Chronic rejection
A) Urinary tract B) Respiratory tract C) Mucocutaneous areas D) Central nervous system
A) Bacterial B) Fungal C) Viral D) Protozoan
A) Herpes simplex B) Herpes zoster C) Human cytomegalovirus D) Influenza
A) Meningitis B) Sepsis C) Colitis D) Pneumonias
A) 13-32% B) 40-50% C) 1-5% D) 5-10%
A) HPV B) BK virus C) Ebola D) Hepatitis C
A) Jonah Lomu B) David Beckham C) Michael Jordan D) Usain Bolt |