- 1. Who did Sigismund adopt as his heir?
A) Ferdinand I
B) Frederick III
C) Matthias Corvinus
D) Maximilian I
- 2. Who was the father of Maximilian I?
A) Leopold V
B) Emperor Frederick III
C) Charles V
D) Ferdinand I
- 3. Who resided in Vienna and styled himself Duke of Austria from 1485 to 1490?
A) Matthias Corvinus
B) Maximilian I
C) Ferdinand II
D) Charles V
- 4. In what year did the reign of Emperor Maximilian I end?
A) 1564
B) 1508
C) 1519
D) 1556
- 5. Between which years did Charles V serve as Holy Roman Emperor?
A) 1508–1519
B) 1519–1556
C) 1576–1612
D) 1556–1564
- 6. In what year did Charles V abdicate his formal authority?
A) 1519
B) 1556
C) 1564
D) 1576
- 7. Who succeeded Ferdinand I as Holy Roman Emperor?
A) Maximilian II
B) Charles V
C) Matthias
D) Rudolf II
- 8. Which emperor reigned from 1576 to 1612?
A) Maximilian II
B) Matthias
C) Ferdinand II
D) Rudolf II
- 9. In what year was Ferdinand I's inheritance split among his children?
A) 1619
B) 1556
C) 1564
D) 1576
- 10. Which Archduke ruled over Inner Austria?
A) Maximilian I
B) Leopold V
C) Sigismund Francis
D) Charles II
- 11. Where was Inner Austria ruled from?
A) Prague
B) Vienna
C) Budapest
D) Graz
- 12. In what year did Ferdinand II become the King of Bohemia and Hungary?
A) 1619
B) 1637
C) 1620
D) 1658
- 13. When did the Further Austrian/Tyrolean line of Archduke Leopold V die out?
A) 1711
B) 1665
C) 1705
D) 1740
- 14. Who was the last member of the Further Austrian/Tyrolean line?
A) Leopold V
B) Ferdinand II
C) Charles II
D) Sigismund Francis
- 15. Which emperor reigned from 1637 to 1657?
A) Ferdinand II
B) Leopold I
C) Ferdinand III
D) Joseph I
- 16. Who succeeded Ferdinand III as Holy Roman Emperor?
A) Charles VI
B) Joseph I
C) Leopold I
D) Matthias
- 17. Who was the Habsburg heiress who reigned from 1740 to 1780?
A) No female heiress mentioned
B) Maximilian I's wife
C) Maria Theresa
D) Ferdinand I's daughter
- 18. Who was the husband of Maria Theresa?
A) Charles VI
B) Leopold I
C) Joseph I
D) Francis I Stephen
- 19. Which emperor reigned from 1711 to 1740?
A) Ferdinand III
B) Leopold I
C) Charles VI
D) Joseph I
- 20. According to the Golden Bull of 1356, prince-electors were expected to learn the grammar of which languages by age fourteen?
A) French and Spanish
B) Dutch and English
C) Latin and Greek
D) Italian and Slavic
- 21. Which chronicler asserted that Charlemagne had mastered six languages?
A) Jakob Twinger von Königshofen
B) Otto von Habsburg
C) Joseph II
D) Charles IV
- 22. Which language was Charles V a native speaker of?
A) Dutch
B) Castilian Spanish
C) French
D) German
- 23. Charles V was required to learn Castilian Spanish by which body?
A) The Imperial Diet
B) The Royal Council
C) Cortes Generales
D) The Bohemian Diet
- 24. Philip II of Spain felt comfortable speaking only which two languages?
A) Spanish and Portuguese
B) Dutch and Basque
C) Latin and Italian
D) French and German
- 25. Which language became the language of courtly elites in 16th-century Austria?
A) French
B) Latin
C) German
D) Spanish
- 26. Which Spanish Habsburg king was fluent in Catalan?
A) Charles V
B) Philip IV
C) Ferdinand I
D) Philip II
- 27. Which language served as the administrative language of the Empire until the late 18th century?
A) French
B) Spanish
C) German
D) Latin
- 28. Which language did Franz Joseph NOT add to his repertoire after his bilingual French and German education?
A) Italian
B) Polish
C) Hungarian
D) English
- 29. Otto von Habsburg was fluent in how many languages after the end of the Monarchy?
A) Seven
B) Six
C) Eight
D) Nine
- 30. Which treaty formally separated the Habsburg family into the Albertinian and Leopoldian lines?
A) Treaty of Styria
B) Treaty of Neuberg
C) Treaty of Rome
D) Treaty of Vienna
- 31. On what date was the Treaty of Neuberg enacted?
A) 15 October 1437
B) 12 August 1439
C) 19 March 1452
D) 25 September 1379
- 32. Which lands were held by the Albertinian line under the Treaty of Neuberg?
A) Austria proper
B) Inner Austria
C) Alsace and Swabia
D) Tyrol
- 33. Whom did Albert V marry to expand the family's political horizons?
A) Eleanor of Portugal
B) A princess of the House of Celje
C) The daughter of the Pope
D) Elisabeth of Luxembourg
- 34. What was the name of the king also known as Albert II?
A) Frederick III
B) Albert V
C) Albert III
D) William
- 35. In what year did Albert II die in battle against the Ottomans?
A) 1406
B) 1457
C) 1483
D) 1439
- 36. Which House became extinct in 1456, allowing the Habsburgs to absorb their lands?
A) House of Luxembourg
B) House of Celje
C) House of Wallsee-Enns
D) House of Portugal
- 37. After the death of William in 1406, who took control of the Inner Austrian territory?
A) Frederick III
B) Frederick of the Empty Pockets
C) Ernest the Iron
D) Albert II
- 38. On what date was Frederick III crowned Holy Roman Emperor in Rome?
A) 15 October 1437
B) 12 August 1439
C) 25 September 1379
D) 19 March 1452
- 39. Which Pope crowned Frederick III as Holy Roman Emperor?
A) Pope Gregory VII
B) Pope Nicholas V
C) Pope Leo X
D) Pope Urban II
- 40. Whom did Frederick III marry while in Rome?
A) A member of the House of Celje
B) Eleanor of Portugal
C) A princess of the Ottomans
D) Elisabeth of Luxembourg
- 41. Which event caused the Habsburgs to lose Bohemia and Hungary for several decades after 1457?
A) The extinction of the House of Wallsee-Enns
B) The marriage of Frederick III
C) The death of Albert II
D) The death of Ladislaus Postumus
- 42. What movement was the Pope able to counter with the help of Frederick III?
A) The Ottoman expansion
B) The House of Celje rebellion
C) The conciliar movement
D) The Albertinian split
- 43. What is one possible linguistic origin of the name 'Habsburg'?
A) Celtic for river spirit
B) High German Habichtsburg (hawk castle)
C) Latin for mountain pass
D) Old Norse for fortress
- 44. What Middle High German word might the name 'Habsburg' be derived from?
A) hab/hap (hard)
B) hab/hap (home)
C) hab/hap (ford)
D) hab/hap (high)
- 45. In what year was the first documented use of the name 'Habsburg' by the dynasty traced?
A) 1208
B) 1108
C) 1180
D) 1008
- 46. Why was the name 'Habsburg' not continuously used by family members?
A) It was considered a peasant name
B) It was legally banned
C) They emphasized more prestigious princely titles
D) They forgot their ancestral origins
- 47. Why was the idea of 'Habsburg' used after Maria Theresa's marriage?
A) To show the old dynasty continued with all its inherited rights
B) To distance themselves from Austrian rulership
C) To honor the Duke's family name
D) To adopt a new royal identity
- 48. When were the tripartite arms currently used by the house adopted?
A) 11th century
B) 18th century
C) 15th century
D) 19th century
- 49. How is the name of the dynasty sometimes spelled in English publications?
A) Habisburg
B) Habsbourg
C) Hapsburg
D) Hapbsburg
- 50. In which country is the original Habsburg Castle located?
A) Germany
B) Austria
C) Spain
D) Switzerland
- 51. In what year was Rudolph elected King of the Romans?
A) 1440
B) 1273
C) 1278
D) 1740
- 52. Where did the Habsburgs move their power base after 1278?
A) Vienna
B) Madrid
C) Habsburg Castle
D) Prague
- 53. Until what year did the Habsburgs rule from Vienna?
A) 1918
B) 1806
C) 1740
D) 1765
- 54. When did the Holy Roman Empire dissolve?
A) 1918
B) 1556
C) 1806
D) 1740
- 55. What was a chief factor in the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire?
A) Napoleon's military victories
B) The extinction of the Babenbergs
C) The death of Otto II
D) The abdication of Charles V
- 56. Which of these was a territory ruled by the Habsburgs?
A) Russia
B) Sweden
C) France
D) Lombardy-Venetia
- 57. The Habsburgs produced one emperor of which country in the 19th century?
A) Hungary
B) Portugal
C) Mexico
D) Spain
- 58. Who is considered the progenitor of the House of Habsburg?
A) Albert I
B) Rudolf I
C) Frederick Barbarossa
D) Guntram the Rich
- 59. Which Roman emperor did Giovanni Thomas Marnavich claim the Habsburgs were descended from?
A) Constantine the Great
B) Frederick I Barbarossa
C) Ferdinand III
D) Augustus
- 60. In what year did Rudolf II, Count of Habsburg, join the Ghibellines?
A) 1198
B) 1211
C) 1273
D) 1278
- 61. When were the Habsburgs finally able to secure the Bohemian crown on a hereditary basis?
A) 1307
B) 1626
C) 1306
D) 1369
- 62. In what year was Habsburg Castle finally lost to the Swiss?
A) 1369
B) 1315
C) 1415
D) 1386
- 63. The Habsburgs gained a foothold in Trieste in which year?
A) 1335
B) 1369
C) 1374
D) 1382
- 64. What was the name of the forged document used to introduce the title of Archduke?
A) Treaty of Austria
B) Magna Carta
C) Privilegium maius
D) Golden Bull
- 65. In what year was the Privilegium maius created?
A) 1493
B) 1356
C) 1453
D) 1358/59
- 66. When was the title of Archduke officially recognized by the Emperor?
A) 1359
B) 1453
C) 1493
D) 1477
- 67. Initially, who was allowed to bear the title of Archduke?
A) Only the Holy Roman Emperor
B) All members of the family
C) Only the first-born son
D) Dynasts ruling a Habsburg territory
- 68. Which historical figure is cited as an example of a person born as an Archduchess?
A) Maria Theresa
B) Elizabeth of Austria
C) Marie Antoinette
D) Mary of Burgundy
- 69. Did Frederick III use the title of Archduke during his lifetime?
A) No
B) Yes, from his birth
C) Yes, from 1477
D) Yes, from 1453
- 70. In what year did Duke Frederick V gain the Austrian archduchy after the death of Ladislaus the Posthumous?
A) 1490
B) 1457
C) 1482
D) 1477
- 71. When did the wedding between Maximilian and Mary of Burgundy take place?
A) 22 July 1515
B) 13 March 1516
C) 16 August 1477
D) 12 January 1519
- 72. In what year did Maximilian proclaim himself the 'chosen Emperor'?
A) 1530
B) 1493
C) 1508
D) 1519
- 73. Joanna of Castile was also known by what nickname?
A) Joanna the Mad
B) Joanna the Wise
C) Joanna the Great
D) Joanna the Fair
- 74. The double wedding of 1515 laid the foundations for the future empire of which region?
A) The Burgundian Netherlands
B) The New World
C) Austria-Hungary
D) Southern Italy
- 75. In what year did Ferdinand become king of Bohemia and Hungary?
A) 1515
B) 1521
C) 1526
D) 1519
- 76. What religious movement did Charles V dedicate much of his reign to fighting?
A) Protestantism
B) Orthodoxy
C) Islam
D) Judaism
- 77. In what year did Charles formally become the sole monarch of Spain?
A) 1556
B) 1617
C) 1555
D) 1531
- 78. What is the common term for the enlarged lower jaw often found in the Habsburg family?
A) Habsburg lip
B) Epilepsy
C) Mandibular prognathism
D) Maxillary deficiency
- 79. Which new House was created by the marriage of Maria Theresa and Francis Stephan?
A) Habsburg-Lorraine
B) Habsburg-Bourbon
C) Habsburg-Hungary
D) Habsburg-Austria
- 80. Which agreement created a real union between the Empire of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary?
A) Berlin Congress
B) Oñate treaty
C) Austro-Hungarian Compromise
D) Treaty of Saint-Germain
- 81. Who was a key resistance figure who passed rocket production plans to the Allies?
A) Francis I
B) Heinrich Maier
C) Otto von Habsburg
D) Charles I
- 82. What is the alternative name for the Imperial Crypt?
A) Capuchin Crypt
B) Palatinal Crypt
C) St. Stephen's Crypt
D) Ducal Crypt
- 83. How many Habsburg figures are buried in the Imperial Crypt today?
A) 26
B) 150
C) 200
D) 100
- 84. In which cathedral is the Ducal Crypt located?
A) Capuchin Church
B) Muri Abbey
C) St. Stephen's Cathedral
D) Buda Castle
- 85. Until what year did the Ducal Crypt serve as the principal burial site for the Habsburgs?
A) 1576
B) 1755
C) 1363
D) 1878
- 86. How many individuals are buried in the Palatinal Crypt?
A) 26
B) 50
C) 100
D) 150
- 87. Which family is considered the ancestor of the House of Habsburg if the account of Guntram the Rich is true?
A) Buda family
B) Palatinal family
C) Etichonider family
D) Capuchin family
- 88. Which abbey is known as the burial place of early Habsburgs?
A) Muri Abbey
B) Capuchin
C) Buda
D) St. Stephen's
- 89. Which of these was a son of Lanzelin of Altenburg?
A) Frederick III
B) Radbot
C) Archduke Joseph
D) Duke Rudolf IV
- 90. During which years did the Habsburgs serve as Kings of Spain?
A) 1581–1640
B) 1526–1918
C) 1516–1700
D) 1554–1558
- 91. Which Habsburg member was King of England and Ireland?
A) Not specified in text
B) Frederick III
C) Duke Rudolf IV
D) Maria Theresa
- 92. What is the Hungarian name for the Palatinal Crypt?
A) Nádori kripta
B) Kapuzinergruft
C) Kaisergruft
D) Herzogsgruft
- 93. When did the Habsburgs reign as Kings of Portugal?
A) 1690–1867
B) 1581–1640
C) 1554–1558
D) 1516–1700
- 94. Where were the Habsburgs Counts before Rudolph rose to German king?
A) Tyrol
B) Baden
C) Austria
D) Styria
- 95. Between which years did Albert I serve as Holy Roman Emperor?
A) 1273–1291
B) 1306–1307
C) 1358–1365
D) 1298–1308
- 96. Otto the Jolly was the duke of Carinthia after which year?
A) 1330
B) 1339
C) 1335
D) 1326
- 97. What nickname was given to Rudolph IV?
A) The Founder
B) The Elder
C) The Jolly
D) The Handsome
- 98. Rudolph IV became the Duke of Tirol in which year?
A) 1358
B) 1365
C) 1379
D) 1363
- 99. In what year did the reign of Emperor Frederick III begin?
A) 1440
B) 1395
C) 1438
D) 1457
- 100. Albert VI served as the regent of Further Austria starting in which year?
A) 1424
B) 1446
C) 1439
D) 1458
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