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Cognitive psychology - Quiz
Cognitive psychology
  • 1. Cognitive psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the study of mental processes such as attention, memory, perception, problem-solving, and decision-making. It seeks to understand how people acquire, process, store, and retrieve information. Cognitive psychologists investigate how the mind works, exploring complex cognitive functions such as language development, problem-solving strategies, and reasoning. By studying these mental processes, cognitive psychology aims to enhance our understanding of human behavior and cognition, providing insights into various aspects of human experience and behavior.

    Who is considered the father of cognitive psychology?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Ivan Pavlov
D) Ulric Neisser
  • 2. What is the term for the mental process of organizing and interpreting sensory information?
A) Thinking
B) Memory
C) Learning
D) Perception
  • 3. What is the term for the process of transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory?
A) Retrieval
B) Encoding
C) Interference
D) Decay
  • 4. Which area of the brain plays a crucial role in memory formation?
A) Cerebellum
B) Prefrontal cortex
C) Occipital lobe
D) Hippocampus
  • 5. In classical conditioning, what is the unlearned response known as?
A) Unconditioned response
B) Reinforced response
C) Conditioned response
D) Neutral response
  • 6. What is the term for the ability to store and retrieve information over time?
A) Problem-solving
B) Creativity
C) Imagination
D) Memory
  • 7. Which term refers to the tendency for our memory of an event to be altered by misleading information?
A) Cognitive dissonance
B) Memory augmentation
C) Misinformation effect
D) Recall error
  • 8. What term describes the mental structures and processes used for organizing information?
A) Algorithm
B) Concept
C) Schema
D) Hypothesis
  • 9. What is the term for the interference of new information with the retrieval of old information?
A) Retroactive interference
B) Encoding specificity
C) Proactive interference
D) State-dependent memory
  • 10. Which term describes the process of breaking down complex information into smaller, more manageable parts?
A) Chunking
B) Acquisition
C) Elaboration
D) Consolidation
  • 11. Who proposed the stages of cognitive development, including sensorimotor and formal operational stages?
A) Lawrence Kohlberg
B) Jean Piaget
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Erik Erikson
  • 12. What is the term for the phenomenon where the first items in a list are more easily remembered?
A) Sensory memory
B) Chunking
C) Primacy effect
D) Recency effect
  • 13. What is the term for the mental process of manipulating information in short-term memory?
A) Selective attention
B) Working memory
C) Procedural memory
D) Metacognition
  • 14. What is the term for the cognitive bias to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions?
A) Hindsight bias
B) Anchoring bias
C) Confirmation bias
D) Availability heuristic
  • 15. In which century did philosophical debates about human thought primarily occur?
A) 18th century
B) 19th century
C) 20th century
D) 17th century
  • 16. Who posited the idea of mind-body dualism, also known as substance dualism?
A) René Descartes
B) John Locke
C) Immanuel Kant
D) George Berkeley
  • 17. Which area of the brain was discovered by Paul Broca to be largely responsible for language production?
A) Wernicke's area
B) Broca's area
C) Amygdala
D) Hippocampus
  • 18. What was a major influence on cognitive psychology during World War II?
A) Understanding human performance for training soldiers
B) Critique of empiricism
C) Founding of Harvard Center for Cognitive Studies
D) Development of behaviorism
  • 19. What did Carl Jung introduce in his 1921 book 'Psychological Types'?
A) Mind-body dualism
B) Artificial intelligence concepts
C) The hypothesis of cognitive functions
D) Behaviorist principles
  • 20. What is an example of using procedural memory?
A) Remembering the name of a friend from sixth grade
B) Driving a car
C) Knowing what the Eiffel Tower looks like
D) Recalling where one was when hearing about a major news event
  • 21. What type of processing occurs for the unattended message in a dichotic listening task?
A) Early sensory processing
B) Short-term memory analysis
C) Deep processing
D) Long-term memory storage
  • 22. Who described the origins of cognitive psychology in a 2002 article?
A) Ulric Neisser
B) George Mandler
C) Jean Piaget
D) Carl Jung
  • 23. What does endogenous control in attention work in a manner that is best described as?
A) Top-down
B) Reflexive
C) Bottom-up
D) Orienting
  • 24. How many steps does Dodge's SIP model assert an individual goes through when evaluating interactions?
A) Three
B) Seven
C) Five
D) Four
  • 25. Can participants comprehend both passages when shadowing one in the dichotic listening task?
A) Only if the pitches differ.
B) Yes, they can.
C) If their name is mentioned.
D) No, they cannot.
  • 26. Who is credited as the father of cognitive therapy?
A) Carl Rogers
B) Daniel Kahneman
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Aaron T. Beck
  • 27. What happens if a participant's name is mentioned in the unattended ear during a dichotic listening task?
A) They store it in long-term memory.
B) They ignore it completely.
C) Some even orient to the unattended message.
D) They can report its content accurately.
  • 28. What can subjects notice about the unattended message in a dichotic listening task?
A) They can comprehend and report its content.
B) They cannot notice any changes.
C) They can notice if the pitch changes or if it ceases altogether.
D) They can store it in long-term memory.
  • 29. Which type of knowledge relates to performing particular tasks?
A) Hierarchical knowledge
B) Declarative knowledge
C) Metacognitive knowledge
D) Procedural knowledge
  • 30. What did cognitive psychology integrate into other branches and disciplines?
A) Philosophical debates about empiricism
B) Work derived from cognitive psychology
C) Dynamic psychology concepts
D) Behaviorist principles
  • 31. What concept did Donald Broadbent integrate with human performance research?
A) Mind-body dualism
B) Information theory
C) Artificial intelligence
D) Dynamic psychology
  • 32. Which book by Ulric Neisser popularized the term 'cognitive psychology'?
A) A Study of Thinking (1956)
B) Cognitive Psychology (1967)
C) Plans and the Structure of Behavior (1960)
D) Psychological Types (1921)
  • 33. Who defines social cognition as the study of mental processes in perceiving, attending to, remembering, thinking about, and making sense of people?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Gordon B. Moskowitz
C) Kenneth Dodge
D) Jean Piaget
  • 34. Which area is NOT typically studied by cognitive psychologists in language?
A) Phonemes
B) Language acquisition
C) Language use in mood
D) Individual components of language formation
  • 35. What did the Harvard Center for Cognitive Studies, founded in 1960, aim to do?
A) Develop AI technology
B) Institutionalize the cognitive revolution
C) Promote behaviorism
D) Study dynamic psychology
  • 36. Which attentional system is responsible for the orienting reflex and pop-out effects?
A) Exogenous control
B) Conscious processing
C) Endogenous control
D) Divided attention
  • 37. Who proposed a model of language processing in the 1870s?
A) B.F. Skinner
B) Jean Piaget
C) Noam Chomsky
D) Carl Wernicke
  • 38. What phenomenon involves generating thoughts believed to be unique but are actually memories?
A) Déjà vu
B) False fame effect
C) Validity effect
D) Cryptomnesia
  • 39. In the dichotic listening task, what happens when the basketball-related message shifts to the right ear?
A) The listener is usually able to repeat the entire message at the end, having attended to the left or right ear only when it was appropriate.
B) The listener cannot comprehend both passages when shadowing one.
C) The listener cannot notice if the pitch of the unattended message changes.
D) The listener can report the content of the unattended message.
  • 40. What is metacognition?
A) Short-term memory processes
B) Thoughts about one's own thoughts
C) The study of language acquisition
D) Phoneme analysis in cognitive psychology
  • 41. What did J. S. Bruner, J. J. Goodnow & G. A. Austin write about in 1956?
A) 'Plans and the Structure of Behavior'
B) 'A Study of Thinking'
C) 'Psychological Types'
D) 'Cognitive Psychology'
  • 42. What did G. A. Miller, E. Galanter, and K. Pribram write about in 1960?
A) 'Psychological Types'
B) 'Plans and the Structure of Behavior'
C) 'A Study of Thinking'
D) 'Cognitive Psychology'
  • 43. What did cognitive psychology originate from in the 1960s?
A) The establishment of AI
B) Philosophical debates about innate ideas
C) A break from behaviorism
D) Military research during WWII
  • 44. Who critiqued behaviorism in 1959, initiating the cognitive revolution?
A) Allen Newell
B) Noam Chomsky
C) Donald Broadbent
D) J. S. Bruner
  • 45. Which two psychologists collaborated on the concept of artificial intelligence (AI)?
A) Noam Chomsky and J. S. Bruner
B) Carl Jung and Jean Piaget
C) Donald Broadbent and George Mandler
D) Allen Newell and Herbert Simon
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