A) BI possesses specialized forensic and cyber-investigation capability needed for transnational cases. B) PNP is constitutionally barred from drug enforcement C) NBI has exclusive power over cybercrime investigations. D) PDEA is limited to drug rehabilitation programs.
A) Arresting suspects after a robbery B) Conducting custodial interrogation. C) Prosecuting accused individuals. D) Establishing community patrol visibility to deter crime.
A) Inter-agency collaboration and operational efficiency B) Non-delegation of powers C) Absolute independence of agencies D) Jurisdictional supremacy
A) Overstepping PNP jurisdiction B) Procedural delay in criminal prosecution C) Negligence in preventive regulatory enforcement D) Failure in community policing
A) PNP manages prosecutions, while NBI supervises corrections. B) PNP enforces all laws nationwide, while NBI investigates only corruption cases. C) PNP handles general law enforcement, while NBI focuses on technical, complex, and high-profile investigations. D) PNP investigates graft, while NBI handles only barangay crimes.
A) It applies only in NBI laboratories, not in PNP operations. B) It ensures that evidence integrity is preserved for admissibility in court. C) It gives judges discretion to disregard rules of evidence. D) It allows evidence to be freely transferred between agencies.
A) It replaces the need for police investigation B) It provides admissible forensic evidence supporting prosecution. C) It grants the BFP jurisdiction over sentencing. D) It allows BFP to automatically prosecute the offender.
A) Theft in a barangay sari-sari store B) Syndicated estafa involving high-ranking officials and foreign entities C) Traffic violations along EDSA D) Barangay disturbance between neighbors
A) Separation of powers B) Judicial independence C) Due process and proper jurisdictional mandate D) Proportionality in sentencing
A) Investigating graft and corruption cases B) Prohibiting building permits C) Enforcing fire safety codes and conducting inspections D) Arresting suspects in arson cases
A) Superior cyber-investigation facilities B) Mandate over international law enforcement C) Broader barangay presence and patrol-based deterrence D) Exclusive power over anti-drug operations
A) Redundancy and lack of inter-agency coordination B) Chain of custody C) Separation of powers D) Collaborative governance
A) PDEA assumes jurisdiction. B) The suspect is automatically acquitted. C) BFP conducts secondary investigation. D) Evidence may be excluded, weakening prosecution.
A) It conducts forensic analysis necessary for criminal liability determination. B) It prevents further police intervention. C) It provides legal representation for suspects. D) It adjudicates liability of building owners.
A) BFP B) NBI C) PDEA D) DOJ
A) Overstepping of authority B) Unity of command C) Procedural redundancy D) Collaborative governance and complementarity of mandates
A) They provide legal defense for the accused. B) Their widespread presence allows immediate response and preventive policing. C) They control the courts. D) They supervise prison corrections.
A) Barangay patrol assistance B) Fire suppression capability C) Nationwide precinct deployment D) Forensic and technical divisions specializing in advanced evidence analysis
A) Automatic conviction of suspects. B) Evidence handling and prosecution are compromised. C) BFP assumes jurisdiction. D) Media coverage is reduced.
A) Its enforcement of fire codes prevents disasters that could escalate into criminal negligence affecting communities. B) It prosecutes arsonists directly on behalf of barangays C) It supervises barangay elections. D) It eliminates LGU functions during calamities.
A) Integrity of judicial process B) Efficiency of case disposal C) Prosecutorial discretion D) Legality of arrest and personal liberty
A) Courts do not trust police testimony B) Delegation violates separation of powers C) Police officers lack training in evidence handling D) Probable cause is a quasi-judicial function reserved for prosecutors
A) To avoid filing cases based on illegal arrests, which could later be quashed B) To protect prosecutors from liability C) To reduce the workload of judges D) To ensure cases are filed quickly
A) Courts will automatically convict B) It strengthens police credibility C) It expedites justice delivery D) It undermines the rights of the accused and clogs court dockets
A) To comply with due process and ensure a balanced evaluation of evidence B) To delay filing of cases until evidence is complete C) To shorten the prosecutor’s workload D) To shift responsibility to defense counsel
A) File the appropriate information in court without preliminary investigation B) Refer the case to the DOJ Secretary C) Wait for the suspect’s motion for bail D) Release the suspect immediately
A) Dismiss the case outright B) Defer to the judge for determination C) Still establish probable cause based on the totality of evidenc D) Require additional police affidavits only
A) Prosecutorial independence B) Judicial discretion C) Police authority in law enforcement D) Legislative intent
A) Dismissing a complaint due to insufficient probable cause B) Leaving evidence evaluation to the judge C) Automatically endorsing all complaints to the DOJ Secretary D) Filing a case despite no prima facie evidence to avoid criticism
A) Mistrial B) Automatic appeal to DOJ C) Conviction due to presumption of regularity D) Acquittal or dismissal due to exclusionary rule
A) They decide on guilt or innocence B) They approve police promotions C) They determine which cases merit judicial trial through preliminary investigation D) They supervise correctional facilities
A) Suspend proceedings until further evidence is gathered B) Endorse the case to the Ombudsman C) Order the suspect’s immediate release D) File the case anyway and let the court decide
A) DOJ circulars prohibit it B) Courts demand police neutrality C) Police may exaggerate findings D) The Constitution requires independent and impartial evaluation of evidence
A) By conducting speedy trials B) By ensuring probable cause exists before a person is haled into court C) By dismissing all weak cases regardless of evidence D) By automatically recommending bail
A) Both serve only as police procedures B) Inquest is optional, while preliminary investigation is mandatory C) Inquest is conducted only after conviction D) Inquest determines validity of warrantless arrests, while preliminary
A) Right to speedy disposition of cases B) Right to free counsel C) Right to equal protection D) Right against double jeopardy
A) Accused may question the prosecutor’s action via certiorari for denial of due process B) The case proceeds unaffected C) Evidence will be considered waived D) The case will automatically be dismissed
A) Adversarial principle B) Inquisitorial principle C) Res judicata D) Probable cause requirement
A) Such evidence as would lead a reasonably prudent person to believe a crime was committed B) Substantial evidence C) Proof beyond reasonable doubt D) Mere suspicion or belief
A) Right to due process B) Right to equal protection of the laws C) Right to bail D) Right against double jeopardy
A) It only hears cases endorsed by the President. B) It exercises appellate jurisdiction and has the power of judicial review over all lower courts. C) It directly hears all cases filed by the public without restriction D) It primarily serves as a trial court for criminal cases.
A) To expand the power of barangay courts. B) To limit the number of lawyers who can appear in trial courts. C) To allow parties to skip lower courts for faster results. D) To ensure orderly administration of justice and prevent forum shopping.
A) Court of Appeals B) Municipal Trial Court (MTC) C) Sandiganbayan D) Regional Trial Court (RTC)
A) Both share identical jurisdictions. B) RTCs only handle barangay-level disputes, while Sandiganbayan hears all national cases. C) Both A and C D) Sandiganbayan handles cases involving public officials, while RTCs handle general criminal and civil cases.
A) Petitions should generally be filed in the lowest court with concurrent jurisdiction. B) Petitions must always be filed first in the Supreme Court. C) Parties are free to choose any court. D) Petitions must always be filed first in the Supreme Court.
A) Cybercrime by a private company. B) Estafa committed by a private individual. C) Graft and corruption by a provincial governor D) Family disputes involving annulment.
A) Principle of Judicial Hierarchy B) Principle of Judicial Economy C) Principle of Collegiality D) Principle of Judicial Activism
A) Supreme Court B) Court of Appeals C) Municipal Trial Court D) Regional Trial Court
A) It acts as an appellate court reviewing decisions of RTCs and quasi-judicial agencies. B) It directly tries barangay disputes. C) It enforces laws passed by Congress. D) It serves as the first-level trial court for minor offenses.
A) Municipal Trial Court B) Sandiganbayan C) Regional Trial Court D) Court of Appeals
A) They try less serious offenses and small claims to decongest higher courts. B) They handle the heaviest caseload in the system. C) They serve as administrative bodies only. D) They have the same power as the Supreme Court.
A) Theft involving ₱5,000 B) Murder C) Barangay conciliation disputes D) Violation of traffic rules
A) Doctrine of Stare Decisis B) Doctrine of Hierarchy of Courts C) Doctrine of Judicial Review D) Doctrine of Judicial Restraint
A) Because it handles marriage annulments. B) Because it hears all appeals from the RTC. C) Because it focuses on crimes involving graft and corruption by public officials. D) Because it handles electoral disputes.
A) When the RTC is unavailable due to vacancy. B) When barangay officials decline to mediate. C) When an MTC judge is absent. D) When there are novel constitutional issues of transcendental importance.
A) The Court of Appeals has no appellate power at all. B) The Supreme Court can only review CA cases involving traffic violations. C) The Supreme Court directly supervises case raffling in the Court of Appeals. D) The Court of Appeals acts as an intermediate appellate body whose decisions are reviewable by the Supreme Court.
A) Appealing an RTC decision to the Court of Appeals. B) Filing a small claims case in an MTC. C) Elevating a CA decision to the Supreme Court for review. D) Filing a petition for certiorari directly with the Supreme Court despite available remedies in the Court of Appeals.
A) Civil cases relating to marriage, divorce, and inheritance among Muslims B) All cases in Mindanao C) All graft cases committed in Muslim areas D) Criminal cases involving Muslims
A) Regional Trial Court B) Supreme Court C) Sandiganbayan D) Court of Appeals
A) Court of Appeals B) Municipal Trial Court C) Sandiganbayan D) Regional Trial Court
A) Expediency B) Human rights protection C) Administrative convenience D) Retribution
A) Geographic scope B) Jurisdictional funding C) Size of facilities D) Nature of detainees’ custody
A) To delay enforcement of judgment B) To reduce congestion only C) To punish detainees further D) To assign custody to the proper agency
A) Reformation programs B) Issuing warrants C) Maintaining jails D) Crime investigation
A) Right to property B) Right against cruel punishment C) Right to bail D) Right to speedy trial
A) Jurisdictional custody B) Judicial oversight C) Administrative error D) Prosecutorial lapse
A) Punish more severely B) Reduce costs C) Manage risks and rehabilitation D) Delay reintegration
A) Funding allocation B) Distinction between local jails and national prisons C) Geographic scope D) Political mandate
A) Managing short-term detainees B) Handling warrants C) Administrative budgeting D) Lack of rehabilitation for long-term detainees
A) They reduce recidivism B) They replace judicial proceedings C) They provide employment to jail staff D) They reduce jail congestion
A) Corrections B) Judiciary C) Law enforcement D) Prosecution
A) Overcrowding B) National classification C) Political interference D) Excessive budgets
A) Humanitarian function of jails B) Prosecutorial support C) Sentencing D) Judicial oversight
A) Prisoners eligible for release are under BuCor custody B) Courts automatically release parolees C) BJMP manages parolee monitoring D) Prosecutors direct parole decisions
A) To delay transfer of convicts B) To ensure proper transfer of custody C) To increase BJMP budget D) To punish detainees twice
A) Deterrence B) Isolation C) Retribution D) Reformation
A) Drafting laws B) Safeguarding detainees’ right to attend trial C) Issuing arrest warrants D) Conducting criminal investigations
A) Privatization B) Professionalization and rehabilitation C) Political independence D) Expansion of local jails
A) Faster reintegration B) Violence and security breaches C) Higher operational costs D) Judicial appeals
A) Duplication of parole power B) Geographic limitation C) Lack of judicial authority D) Overcrowding
A) They both prosecute criminal cases B) They both adjudicate disputes C) They both issue arrest warrants D) They divide custody between temporary detention and long-term imprisonment
A) Managing trial schedules B) Issuing criminal warrants C) Supervising prosecutors D) Post-release monitoring and livelihood suppor
A) BJMP handles sentences below 3 years B) DOJ lacks authority C) BuCor refuses custody D) Court orders override rules
A) Reduce state expenses B) Ensure longer detention C) Increase judicial backlog D) Facilitate rehabilitation and reintegration
A) BuCor has exclusive authority B) Courts control BJMP C) Detainees are presumed innocent D) BJMP lacks resources
A) It ensures that all courts have equal power. B) It prevents overburdening of higher courts by routing cases first to proper trial C) It abolishes trial courts in favor of the Supreme Court. D) It allows parties to choose the fastest court.
A) To ensure flexibility in resolving cases of national significance. B) To avoid the Court of Appeals’ role. C) To reduce the power of trial courts. D) To directly handle barangay disputes.
A) Jurisdiction is strictly defined by statute and cannot be assumed at will B) Jurisdiction can be granted by barangay officials. C) Courts may expand their own jurisdiction when necessary. D) Jurisdiction of a court depends only on the agreement of the parties
A) A small claims case exceeding ₱1,000,000 filed before the MTC. B) An annulment case filed before the Sandiganbayan. C) A murder case filed before the RTC. D) A graft case against a mayor filed before the MTC.
A) They act as advisory bodies to the President. B) They determine guilt or innocence based on evidence presented C) They exercise only appellate functions. D) They create laws for implementation.
A) Supervising barangay justice systems B) Implementing the National Anti-Drug Plan of Action and leading drug enforcement policy C) Managing correctional rehabilitation centers D) Handling cybercrimes independently
A) To reduce agency manpower B) To centralize all powers in one body C) To replace judicial oversight D) To create uniform operational knowledge and enhance coordination in joint operations
A) Judges’ impartiality B) Possible recurring lapses in evidence handling and procedure C) Lack of PDEA authority D) Influence of the suspects
A) It determines guilt or innocence. B) It rehabilitates offenders. C) It enforces the law, gathers evidence, and initiates case build-up for prosecution. D) It supervises post-conviction reintegration.
A) Overstepping PNP jurisdiction B) Procedural redundancy C) Failure in custodial investigation D) Failure of preventive function leading to potential criminal negligence
A) Preliminary investigation requires proof beyond reasonable doubt B) Preliminary investigation already decides guilt or innocence C) Preliminary investigation is inquisitorial, focusing only on existence of probable cause D) Judicial trial is conducted only by prosecutors
A) It centralizes police power in the DOJ B) It ensures national consistency and prevents abuse of discretion C) It allows judges to review every complaint D) It relieves prosecutors of accountability
A) Ordering release due to lack of evidence B) Dismissing a case due to absence of probable cause C) Filing a case without verifying legality of arrest D) Referring the case to higher prosecutors for review
A) Case is automatically filed in court B) Respondent cannot be charged unless reversed on review C) Police may refile the same case without additional evidence D) Court may still conduct trial
A) They determine penalties imposed by courts B) They balance the rights of the State to prosecute and the rights of the accused to due process C) They lead all criminal investigations D) They ensure all police cases proceed to trial |