A) PNP is constitutionally barred from drug enforcement B) PDEA is limited to drug rehabilitation programs. C) BI possesses specialized forensic and cyber-investigation capability needed for transnational cases. D) NBI has exclusive power over cybercrime investigations.
A) Establishing community patrol visibility to deter crime. B) Conducting custodial interrogation. C) Prosecuting accused individuals. D) Arresting suspects after a robbery
A) Jurisdictional supremacy B) Non-delegation of powers C) Absolute independence of agencies D) Inter-agency collaboration and operational efficiency
A) Failure in community policing B) Negligence in preventive regulatory enforcement C) Procedural delay in criminal prosecution D) Overstepping PNP jurisdiction
A) PNP manages prosecutions, while NBI supervises corrections. B) PNP investigates graft, while NBI handles only barangay crimes. C) PNP enforces all laws nationwide, while NBI investigates only corruption cases. D) PNP handles general law enforcement, while NBI focuses on technical, complex, and high-profile investigations.
A) It allows evidence to be freely transferred between agencies. B) It ensures that evidence integrity is preserved for admissibility in court. C) It applies only in NBI laboratories, not in PNP operations. D) It gives judges discretion to disregard rules of evidence.
A) It grants the BFP jurisdiction over sentencing. B) It provides admissible forensic evidence supporting prosecution. C) It allows BFP to automatically prosecute the offender. D) It replaces the need for police investigation
A) Barangay disturbance between neighbors B) Syndicated estafa involving high-ranking officials and foreign entities C) Theft in a barangay sari-sari store D) Traffic violations along EDSA
A) Judicial independence B) Due process and proper jurisdictional mandate C) Proportionality in sentencing D) Separation of powers
A) Arresting suspects in arson cases B) Investigating graft and corruption cases C) Enforcing fire safety codes and conducting inspections D) Prohibiting building permits
A) Exclusive power over anti-drug operations B) Broader barangay presence and patrol-based deterrence C) Mandate over international law enforcement D) Superior cyber-investigation facilities
A) Separation of powers B) Redundancy and lack of inter-agency coordination C) Chain of custody D) Collaborative governance
A) BFP conducts secondary investigation. B) PDEA assumes jurisdiction. C) Evidence may be excluded, weakening prosecution. D) The suspect is automatically acquitted.
A) It adjudicates liability of building owners. B) It provides legal representation for suspects. C) It conducts forensic analysis necessary for criminal liability determination. D) It prevents further police intervention.
A) PDEA B) DOJ C) NBI D) BFP
A) Collaborative governance and complementarity of mandates B) Procedural redundancy C) Overstepping of authority D) Unity of command
A) They supervise prison corrections. B) They control the courts. C) They provide legal defense for the accused. D) Their widespread presence allows immediate response and preventive policing.
A) Forensic and technical divisions specializing in advanced evidence analysis B) Barangay patrol assistance C) Nationwide precinct deployment D) Fire suppression capability
A) BFP assumes jurisdiction. B) Automatic conviction of suspects. C) Evidence handling and prosecution are compromised. D) Media coverage is reduced.
A) Its enforcement of fire codes prevents disasters that could escalate into criminal negligence affecting communities. B) It eliminates LGU functions during calamities. C) It prosecutes arsonists directly on behalf of barangays D) It supervises barangay elections.
A) Prosecutorial discretion B) Legality of arrest and personal liberty C) Integrity of judicial process D) Efficiency of case disposal
A) Probable cause is a quasi-judicial function reserved for prosecutors B) Courts do not trust police testimony C) Delegation violates separation of powers D) Police officers lack training in evidence handling
A) To avoid filing cases based on illegal arrests, which could later be quashed B) To ensure cases are filed quickly C) To protect prosecutors from liability D) To reduce the workload of judges
A) Courts will automatically convict B) It expedites justice delivery C) It undermines the rights of the accused and clogs court dockets D) It strengthens police credibility
A) To shorten the prosecutor’s workload B) To comply with due process and ensure a balanced evaluation of evidence C) To delay filing of cases until evidence is complete D) To shift responsibility to defense counsel
A) Release the suspect immediately B) Refer the case to the DOJ Secretary C) Wait for the suspect’s motion for bail D) File the appropriate information in court without preliminary investigation
A) Require additional police affidavits only B) Dismiss the case outright C) Still establish probable cause based on the totality of evidenc D) Defer to the judge for determination
A) Judicial discretion B) Legislative intent C) Prosecutorial independence D) Police authority in law enforcement
A) Leaving evidence evaluation to the judge B) Automatically endorsing all complaints to the DOJ Secretary C) Filing a case despite no prima facie evidence to avoid criticism D) Dismissing a complaint due to insufficient probable cause
A) Mistrial B) Acquittal or dismissal due to exclusionary rule C) Automatic appeal to DOJ D) Conviction due to presumption of regularity
A) They supervise correctional facilities B) They determine which cases merit judicial trial through preliminary investigation C) They approve police promotions D) They decide on guilt or innocence
A) Endorse the case to the Ombudsman B) Suspend proceedings until further evidence is gathered C) File the case anyway and let the court decide D) Order the suspect’s immediate release
A) Police may exaggerate findings B) DOJ circulars prohibit it C) Courts demand police neutrality D) The Constitution requires independent and impartial evaluation of evidence
A) By dismissing all weak cases regardless of evidence B) By ensuring probable cause exists before a person is haled into court C) By automatically recommending bail D) By conducting speedy trials
A) Inquest is optional, while preliminary investigation is mandatory B) Inquest determines validity of warrantless arrests, while preliminary C) Inquest is conducted only after conviction D) Both serve only as police procedures
A) Right to free counsel B) Right against double jeopardy C) Right to speedy disposition of cases D) Right to equal protection
A) The case proceeds unaffected B) Accused may question the prosecutor’s action via certiorari for denial of due process C) The case will automatically be dismissed D) Evidence will be considered waived
A) Probable cause requirement B) Adversarial principle C) Inquisitorial principle D) Res judicata
A) Mere suspicion or belief B) Such evidence as would lead a reasonably prudent person to believe a crime was committed C) Substantial evidence D) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
A) Right to bail B) Right to due process C) Right to equal protection of the laws D) Right against double jeopardy
A) It only hears cases endorsed by the President. B) It exercises appellate jurisdiction and has the power of judicial review over all lower courts. C) It primarily serves as a trial court for criminal cases. D) It directly hears all cases filed by the public without restriction
A) To expand the power of barangay courts. B) To limit the number of lawyers who can appear in trial courts. C) To allow parties to skip lower courts for faster results. D) To ensure orderly administration of justice and prevent forum shopping.
A) Regional Trial Court (RTC) B) Municipal Trial Court (MTC) C) Sandiganbayan D) Court of Appeals
A) Both share identical jurisdictions. B) RTCs only handle barangay-level disputes, while Sandiganbayan hears all national cases. C) Sandiganbayan handles cases involving public officials, while RTCs handle general criminal and civil cases. D) Both A and C
A) Parties are free to choose any court. B) Petitions must always be filed first in the Supreme Court. C) Petitions should generally be filed in the lowest court with concurrent jurisdiction. D) Petitions must always be filed first in the Supreme Court.
A) Family disputes involving annulment. B) Graft and corruption by a provincial governor C) Estafa committed by a private individual. D) Cybercrime by a private company.
A) Principle of Judicial Activism B) Principle of Judicial Economy C) Principle of Collegiality D) Principle of Judicial Hierarchy
A) Regional Trial Court B) Supreme Court C) Municipal Trial Court D) Court of Appeals
A) It serves as the first-level trial court for minor offenses. B) It enforces laws passed by Congress. C) It acts as an appellate court reviewing decisions of RTCs and quasi-judicial agencies. D) It directly tries barangay disputes.
A) Regional Trial Court B) Sandiganbayan C) Municipal Trial Court D) Court of Appeals
A) They have the same power as the Supreme Court. B) They handle the heaviest caseload in the system. C) They try less serious offenses and small claims to decongest higher courts. D) They serve as administrative bodies only.
A) Violation of traffic rules B) Murder C) Barangay conciliation disputes D) Theft involving ₱5,000
A) Doctrine of Judicial Restraint B) Doctrine of Hierarchy of Courts C) Doctrine of Stare Decisis D) Doctrine of Judicial Review
A) Because it handles marriage annulments. B) Because it focuses on crimes involving graft and corruption by public officials. C) Because it hears all appeals from the RTC. D) Because it handles electoral disputes.
A) When the RTC is unavailable due to vacancy. B) When barangay officials decline to mediate. C) When there are novel constitutional issues of transcendental importance. D) When an MTC judge is absent.
A) The Supreme Court directly supervises case raffling in the Court of Appeals. B) The Supreme Court can only review CA cases involving traffic violations. C) The Court of Appeals has no appellate power at all. D) The Court of Appeals acts as an intermediate appellate body whose decisions are reviewable by the Supreme Court.
A) Filing a petition for certiorari directly with the Supreme Court despite available remedies in the Court of Appeals. B) Appealing an RTC decision to the Court of Appeals. C) Elevating a CA decision to the Supreme Court for review. D) Filing a small claims case in an MTC.
A) All graft cases committed in Muslim areas B) Criminal cases involving Muslims C) All cases in Mindanao D) Civil cases relating to marriage, divorce, and inheritance among Muslims
A) Court of Appeals B) Regional Trial Court C) Supreme Court D) Sandiganbayan
A) Municipal Trial Court B) Court of Appeals C) Sandiganbayan D) Regional Trial Court
A) Human rights protection B) Administrative convenience C) Retribution D) Expediency
A) Size of facilities B) Jurisdictional funding C) Geographic scope D) Nature of detainees’ custody
A) To assign custody to the proper agency B) To delay enforcement of judgment C) To reduce congestion only D) To punish detainees further
A) Reformation programs B) Crime investigation C) Issuing warrants D) Maintaining jails
A) Right to bail B) Right against cruel punishment C) Right to property D) Right to speedy trial
A) Jurisdictional custody B) Prosecutorial lapse C) Administrative error D) Judicial oversight
A) Manage risks and rehabilitation B) Delay reintegration C) Reduce costs D) Punish more severely
A) Distinction between local jails and national prisons B) Funding allocation C) Geographic scope D) Political mandate
A) Administrative budgeting B) Handling warrants C) Managing short-term detainees D) Lack of rehabilitation for long-term detainees
A) They reduce recidivism B) They replace judicial proceedings C) They reduce jail congestion D) They provide employment to jail staff
A) Prosecution B) Law enforcement C) Corrections D) Judiciary
A) Excessive budgets B) National classification C) Overcrowding D) Political interference
A) Prosecutorial support B) Judicial oversight C) Sentencing D) Humanitarian function of jails
A) Prosecutors direct parole decisions B) Courts automatically release parolees C) BJMP manages parolee monitoring D) Prisoners eligible for release are under BuCor custody
A) To punish detainees twice B) To increase BJMP budget C) To delay transfer of convicts D) To ensure proper transfer of custody
A) Deterrence B) Retribution C) Reformation D) Isolation
A) Conducting criminal investigations B) Issuing arrest warrants C) Safeguarding detainees’ right to attend trial D) Drafting laws
A) Privatization B) Political independence C) Professionalization and rehabilitation D) Expansion of local jails
A) Violence and security breaches B) Judicial appeals C) Faster reintegration D) Higher operational costs
A) Duplication of parole power B) Lack of judicial authority C) Geographic limitation D) Overcrowding
A) They both issue arrest warrants B) They divide custody between temporary detention and long-term imprisonment C) They both adjudicate disputes D) They both prosecute criminal cases
A) Issuing criminal warrants B) Post-release monitoring and livelihood suppor C) Managing trial schedules D) Supervising prosecutors
A) BuCor refuses custody B) DOJ lacks authority C) Court orders override rules D) BJMP handles sentences below 3 years
A) Ensure longer detention B) Reduce state expenses C) Increase judicial backlog D) Facilitate rehabilitation and reintegration
A) Courts control BJMP B) BuCor has exclusive authority C) BJMP lacks resources D) Detainees are presumed innocent
A) It ensures that all courts have equal power. B) It prevents overburdening of higher courts by routing cases first to proper trial C) It abolishes trial courts in favor of the Supreme Court. D) It allows parties to choose the fastest court.
A) To directly handle barangay disputes. B) To reduce the power of trial courts. C) To avoid the Court of Appeals’ role. D) To ensure flexibility in resolving cases of national significance.
A) Jurisdiction can be granted by barangay officials. B) Jurisdiction is strictly defined by statute and cannot be assumed at will C) Jurisdiction of a court depends only on the agreement of the parties D) Courts may expand their own jurisdiction when necessary.
A) A murder case filed before the RTC. B) An annulment case filed before the Sandiganbayan. C) A graft case against a mayor filed before the MTC. D) A small claims case exceeding ₱1,000,000 filed before the MTC.
A) They act as advisory bodies to the President. B) They exercise only appellate functions. C) They create laws for implementation. D) They determine guilt or innocence based on evidence presented
A) Supervising barangay justice systems B) Implementing the National Anti-Drug Plan of Action and leading drug enforcement policy C) Managing correctional rehabilitation centers D) Handling cybercrimes independently
A) To reduce agency manpower B) To create uniform operational knowledge and enhance coordination in joint operations C) To replace judicial oversight D) To centralize all powers in one body
A) Judges’ impartiality B) Lack of PDEA authority C) Influence of the suspects D) Possible recurring lapses in evidence handling and procedure
A) It determines guilt or innocence. B) It enforces the law, gathers evidence, and initiates case build-up for prosecution. C) It rehabilitates offenders. D) It supervises post-conviction reintegration.
A) Failure in custodial investigation B) Overstepping PNP jurisdiction C) Procedural redundancy D) Failure of preventive function leading to potential criminal negligence
A) Preliminary investigation requires proof beyond reasonable doubt B) Preliminary investigation already decides guilt or innocence C) Judicial trial is conducted only by prosecutors D) Preliminary investigation is inquisitorial, focusing only on existence of probable cause
A) It ensures national consistency and prevents abuse of discretion B) It relieves prosecutors of accountability C) It allows judges to review every complaint D) It centralizes police power in the DOJ
A) Dismissing a case due to absence of probable cause B) Filing a case without verifying legality of arrest C) Referring the case to higher prosecutors for review D) Ordering release due to lack of evidence
A) Police may refile the same case without additional evidence B) Court may still conduct trial C) Case is automatically filed in court D) Respondent cannot be charged unless reversed on review
A) They ensure all police cases proceed to trial B) They lead all criminal investigations C) They balance the rights of the State to prosecute and the rights of the accused to due process D) They determine penalties imposed by courts |