- 1. Criminal law’s rule that it only applies to acts after its effectivity is known as?
A) Retroactivity
B) Impartiality
C) Universality
D) Prospectivity
- 2. The principle stating “there is no punishable act without law” is?
A) Lex loci
B) Lex talionis
C) Prima facie
D) Nullum crimen sine lege
- 3. Which is NOT an inherent characteristic of criminal law?
A) Extraterritoriality
B) Territoriality
C) Generality
D) Prospectivity
- 4. A felony committed with malice and deliberate intent is termed?
A) Suppletory act
B) Culpa
C) Pretermission
D) Dolo
- 5. A felony committed due to lack of precaution is called?
A) Culpa
B) Animus
C) Lex culpae
D) Dolo
- 6. The external element of a felony involving the execution of the act is?
A) Mens rea
B) Actus reus
C) Animus mali
D) Corpus lex
- 7. A crime committed aboard a Philippine vessel in the high seas is punishable under?
A) Universality
B) Extraterritoriality
C) Nationality rule
D) Passive personality
- 8. The rule that criminal law binds all persons inside Philippine territory is?
A) Generality
B) Veniality
C) Remission
D) Equity
- 9. When two or more offenses are involved, the situation is referred to as?
A) Pan-crime
B) Monodict crime
C) Plurality of crimes
D) Contingent felony
- 10. When only one act results in two or more crimes, this is known as?
A) Prevailing plurality
B) Ideal plurality
C) Dual infraction
D) Real plurality
- 11. Negligent felonies arise from?
A) Lack of precaution
B) Evil intent
C) Motive to defraud
D) Preconceived malice
- 12. When a felony is committed by means of fraud, it is referred to as?
A) Culpa crimen
B) Malitas regia
C) Fortuitist act
D) Dolo
- 13. Which is NOT necessary in determining criminal liability?
A) Intent
B) Motive
C) Freedom
D) Intelligence
- 14. The substance or essential fact of the criminal act is called?
A) Mens animus
B) Real factum
C) Lex corpus
D) Corpus delicti
- 15. The authority of the State to punish acts within its boundaries refers to?
A) Prospectivity
B) Partiality
C) Territoriality
D) Generality
- 16. Acts considered wrong because of moral nature are?
A) Mala lex
B) Mala in se
C) Mala prohibita
D) Mala causa
- 17. The internal mental state that accompanies the wrongful act is?
A) Mens locus
B) Corpus mali
C) Actus officium
D) Mens rea
- 18. Complex crimes are penalized?
A) As separate prosecutions
B) With penalty of the lighter offense
C) Under a special mitigating rule
D) With penalty of the graver offense
- 19. When several acts arise from a single criminal intent, it is called?
A) Continued crime
B) Ideal plurality
C) Absolute plurality
D) Conjunctive felony
- 20. X gave a gun to Y and instructed him to kill Z. Y carried out the killing. How is X criminally liable?
A) Accomplice
B) Accessory
C) Principal by inducement
D) Principal by direct participation
- 21. A serves as lookout while B steals inside a house. What is A’s liability?
A) Principal by inducement
B) Accessory
C) Accomplice
D) Principal by direct participation
- 22. M and N agreed to kill O. They divided roles and immediately carried out the plan. Both stabbed O. What are M and N?
A) Principals by inducement
B) Accessories
C) Accomplices
D) Principals by direct participation
- 23. P furnished the weapon and persuaded Q to commit arson. Q executed the burning. P is?
A) Accomplice
B) Principal by inducement
C) Accessory
D) Principal by direct participation
- 24. After a theft was completed, R hid the stolen jewelry in his house knowing it was stolen. R is?
A) Principal by direct participation
B) Principal by inducement
C) Accessory
D) Accomplice
- 25. S and T agreed to kill U but changed their minds and never acted. What crime is committed?
A) Attempted homicide
B) No felony
C) Conspiracy
D) Proposal
- 26. A suggests to B that they should kill C, but B rejects the idea. A is liable for?
A) Conspiracy
B) Accessory
C) Proposal
D) Attempt
- 27. V was present during the killing of W but did not assist or encourage the offenders. What is V’s liability?
A) Accomplice
B) Accessory
C) None
D) Principal by inducement
- 28. X warned Y that police were coming after Y committed robbery. X is?
A) Accomplice
B) Principal by direct participation
C) Accessory
D) Principal by inducement
- 29. D provided information to E on the victim’s schedule, which allowed E to commit murder. D is?
A) Accessory
B) Accomplice
C) Principal by inducement
D) Principal by direct participation
- 30. During the planning of a kidnapping, G agreed to help guard the victim but backed out and never acted. Liability?
A) Principal
B) Accessory
C) None
D) Accomplice
- 31. Persons who cooperate by simultaneous acts in executing the offense are classified as?
A) Principals by inducement
B) Principals by direct participation
C) Accomplices
D) Accessories
- 32. J intentionally caused another to commit a felony through irresistible force. J is?
A) Accessory
B) Principal by inducement
C) Accomplice
D) Principal by direct participation
- 33. A business owner orders his employee to burn a competitor’s warehouse. Employee complies. Owner’s liability?
A) Principal by direct participation
B) Principal by inducement
C) Accessory
D) Accomplice
- 34. K, aware of L’s plan to kill M, did nothing to stop it and did not assist. K is?
A) Accessory
B) Principal by inducement
C) Accomplice
D) Not liable
- 35. In a robbery, A acts as lookout, B disables the security, and C takes the money. Who are principals by direct participation?
A) A, B, and C
B) A only
C) C only
D) B and C
- 36. X asked Y to kill Z, but Y refused. X then recruited Q, who killed Z. Which is true?
A) X is accessory
B) X is principal by inducement
C) Q alone is principal
D) X is only an accomplice
- 37. H told I to kill J. I agreed but before acting, H withdrew instruction and I abandoned the plan. Result?
A) Conspiracy still exists
B) H is accessory
C) Both not liable for felony
D) Proposal only
- 38. After a murder, R transported the body to hide the crime. R acted without prior agreement. Liability?
A) Accomplice
B) Accessory
C) Principal by direct participation
D) Principal by inducement
- 39. In a kidnapping, S supplies the vehicle, T guards the victim, U negotiates ransom, while V helps hide the victim after release. Who is accessory?
A) V only
B) S only
C) T and U
D) S, T, U, V
- 40. X shot Y but missed because Y ducked in time. What stage of execution applies?
A) Consummated
B) Attempted
C) Frustrated
D) Lawful act
- 41. T stabbed V, causing mortal wounds, but V survived due to timely medical care. Stage of execution?
A) Attempted
B) Frustrated
C) Exempted
D) Consummated
- 42. A picked B’s wallet and successfully obtained it. What stage is this?
A) Attempted
B) Consummated
C) Preparatory
D) Frustrated
- 43. A planned to kill B and bought a gun, but never tried to shoot. What stage applies?
A) Frustrated
B) Consummated
C) Attempted
D) Preparatory
- 44. Murder is classified under?
A) Less grave felony
B) Simple violation
C) Grave felony
D) Light felony
- 45. Penalties arranged in increasing severity is known as?
A) Hierarchical sanction
B) Graduated scale
C) Afflictive listing
D) Relative scale
- 46. H committed slight physical injury. Its classification is?
A) Petty breach
B) Light felony
C) Grave felony
D) Less grave felony
- 47. A penalty of arresto mayor belongs to what classification?
A) Afflictive
B) Light
C) Correctional
D) Capital
- 48. Reclusion perpetua falls under which classification of penalties?
A) Intermediate
B) Afflictive
C) Correctional
D) Light
- 49. The person began the commission of homicide by stabbing, causing wounds that led to instant death. Stage of felony?
A) Frustrated
B) Preparatory
C) Attempted
D) Consummated
- 50. X aimed to kill Y and fired several times, but Y survived because the bullets only grazed him. Evaluate the stage?
A) Exonerated
B) Frustrated
C) Attempted
D) Consummated
- 51. K inflicted multiple stab wounds, all mortal, but L survived after immediate medical aid. Stage?
A) Frustrated
B) Attempted
C) Consummated
D) Preparatory
- 52. A tried to open a bank vault but was arrested before forcing it open. Stage of theft?
A) Preparatory
B) Attempted
C) Consummated
D) Frustrated
- 53. Theft is said to be completed once?
A) Offender flees
B) Taking is commenced
C) Item is in possession of offender
D) Victim pursues the offender
- 54. R shoots M intending to kill him. M dies instantly. Assess the stage?
A) Attempted
B) Nullified
C) Frustrated
D) Consummated
- 55. If felony committed is penalized by prision correccional, its classification is?
A) Grave
B) Special
C) Less grave
D) Light
- 56. J burns a house intending to kill the occupant. The house is destroyed but the occupant escapes unharmed. Stage of killing?
A) Frustrated homicide
B) Attempted homicide
C) No homicide felony
D) Consummated homicide
- 57. A inflicted injuries not sufficient to cause death, but the victim later died due to lack of medical care. Evaluate felony stage?
A) Attempted homicide
B) No felony
C) Consummated homicide
D) Frustrated homicide
- 58. Q attempts to poison S by placing poison in S’s drink. S notices and does not drink. Classification?
A) Attempted homicide
B) Preparatory act only
C) Frustrated homicide
D) Consummated homicide
- 59. When the penalty for felony is prision mayor, how is it classified?
A) Light felony
B) Grave felony
C) Minor felony
D) Less grave felony
- 60. X inflicted serious physical injury on Y, but acted under uncontrollable fear of his life. His liability is?
A) Not liable
B) Mitigated liability
C) Aggravated liability
D) Fully liable
- 61. A killed B while defending his own life during an attack. This circumstance is classified as?
A) Mitigating circumstance
B) Exempting circumstance
C) Justifying circumstance
D) Aggravating circumstance
- 62. Z stole P’s wallet due to extreme poverty and necessity to save his family. Liability is?
A) Mitigated
B) Aggravated
C) Fully liable
D) Exempted
- 63. M commits arson with deliberate malice and premeditation. This circumstance is?
A) Exempting
B) Mitigating
C) Justifying
D) Aggravating
- 64. R participates in a crime while below 15 years old. How is liability affected?
A) Aggravated
B) Not liable
C) Fully liable
D) Mitigated
- 65. S acts to prevent imminent greater harm by committing a minor felony. Liability is?
A) Exempted
B) Fully liable
C) Mitigated
D) Aggravated
- 66. T assaulted U while mentally impaired and not fully conscious of his act. This circumstance is?
A) Aggravating
B) Justifying
C) Mitigating
D) Exempting
- 67. A committed homicide during armed robbery. What circumstance affects his liability?
A) Aggravating
B) Exempting
C) Justifying
D) Mitigating
- 68. B, an elderly person, commits petty theft under extreme poverty. Liability?
A) Aggravated
B) Exempted
C) Mitigated
D) Fully liable
- 69. D acts to protect property from imminent destruction, causing injury to E. This circumstance is?
A) Exempting
B) Mitigating
C) Justifying
D) Aggravating
- 70. X kills Y in revenge for past humiliation. This circumstance?
A) Mitigating
B) Exempting
C) Justifying
D) Aggravating
- 71. P is coerced by armed threats to commit theft. Liability?
A) Aggravated
B) Fully liable
C) Mitigated
D) Exempted
- 72. S committed a felony while intoxicated but voluntarily. Liability?
A) Aggravated
B) Fully liable
C) Mitigated
D) Exempted
- 73. T acts in self-defense to prevent an unlawful attack. Circumstance affecting liability?
A) Exempting
B) Mitigating
C) Aggravating
D) Justifying
- 74. U commits a crime while under undue influence of another person. Liability?
A) Fully liable
B) Aggravated
C) Mitigated
D) Exempted
- 75. A sets fire to a building with no intent to harm anyone but acts recklessly. Circumstance?
A) Justifying
B) Aggravating
C) Mitigating
D) Exempting
- 76. B kills C to save D’s life from immediate danger. Circumstance?
A) Mitigating
B) Exempting
C) Justifying
D) Aggravating
- 77. D commits a crime immediately after being insulted and provoked. Circumstance?
A) Exempting
B) Mitigating
C) Justifying
D) Aggravating
- 78. E commits fraud with premeditation and cunning. Circumstance affecting penalty?
A) Aggravating
B) Justifying
C) Exempting
D) Mitigating
- 79. F, unaware of the consequences due to mental illness, causes injury. Liability is?
A) Mitigated
B) Aggravated
C) Exempted
D) Fully liable
- 80. The death of the offender before conviction results in?
A) Amnesty
B) Extinction of criminal liability
C) Conditional pardon
D) Prescription
- 81. A law is passed that repeals a penal provision; crimes committed before its effectivity?
A) Liability extinguished
B) Still punishable
C) Mitigated liability
D) Aggravated liability
- 82. A President grants forgiveness to an offender after conviction. This mode is called?
A) Reclusion
B) Prescription
C) Pardon
D) Amnesty
- 83. When the State declares general forgiveness of crimes not yet tried, it is?
A) Pardon
B) Judicial remission
C) Prescription
D) Amnesty
- 84. If a penalty for a crime is fully served, criminal liability?
A) Extinguished
B) Mitigated
C) Suspended
D) Continues
- 85. When an offender dies during trial, what happens to criminal liability?
A) Mitigated
B) Extinguished
C) Aggravated
D) Suspended
- 86. A convicted felon completes his sentence. This represents?
A) Prescription
B) Pardon
C) Amnesty
D) Extinction by service of sentence
- 87. The statute of limitations causes?
A) Extinction of criminal liability
B) Continuous criminal liability
C) Aggravated penalties
D) Pardon
- 88. Presidential forgiveness of a group of offenders without trial is?
A) Prescription
B) Commutation
C) Pardon
D) Amnesty
- 89. A law granting general pardon affects?
A) Only those convicted
B) A class of offenders
C) Only specific offenders
D) Only the victim
- 90. X was convicted for theft and served his full sentence. His criminal liability is?
A) Extinguished
B) Suspended
C) Mitigated
D) Aggravated
- 91. Y committed a crime 20 years ago, and the statute of limitations expired. Liability is?
A) Suspended
B) Fully enforceable
C) Reduced
D) Extinguished
- 92. Z committed rebellion but the government granted general amnesty. Effect on liability?
A) Suspended
B) Fully extinguished
C) Partially mitigated
D) Unchanged
- 93. A convicted murderer receives a presidential pardon after 10 years. Effect on liability?
A) Fully extinguished
B) Suspended
C) Liability continues
D) Mitigated but still exists
- 94. B dies before trial for embezzlement. Criminal liability is?
A) Suspended
B) Extinguished
C) Aggravated
D) Mitigated
- 95. An offender has completed half of his sentence and receives conditional pardon. Liability?
A) Aggravated
B) Fully extinguished
C) Partially suspended
D) Mitigated
- 96. X stole a car, but after 15 years the crime cannot be prosecuted due to prescription. Effect?
A) Mitigated
B) Liability continues
C) Suspended
D) Extinguished
- 97. During armed conflict, the government grants general amnesty to political prisoners. Effect?
A) Suspended
B) Liability continues
C) Mitigated
D) Fully extinguished
- 98. A convict receives commutation reducing the penalty. Criminal liability is?
A) Mitigated
B) Fully extinguished
C) Aggravated
D) Prescribed
- 99. If a criminal dies after conviction but before serving sentence, liability?
A) Mitigated
B) Extinguished
C) Suspended
D) Commuted
- 100. After being convicted of slight physical injuries, Mario fully paid the civil liability and later received a written declaration from the offended party expressly forgiving him. The prosecutor moves to close the case. What mode of extinction applies?
A) Amnesty
B) Pardon by the offended party
C) Absolute pardon by the President
D) Prescription of the penalty
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