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Photoionization - Quiz
Photoionization
  • 1. What is the physical process where an ion is formed from the interaction of a photon with an atom or molecule?
A) Nuclear fission
B) Chemical synthesis
C) Photoelectric effect
D) Photoionization
  • 2. What term describes the probability of an ionization event conceptualized as a hypothetical area?
A) Electronic transition probability
B) Quantum tunneling coefficient
C) Photoionization cross section
D) Ionization threshold
  • 3. What two primary factors influence the photoionization cross section?
A) Magnetic field and pressure
B) Photon energy and species structure
C) Electron mass and nuclear charge
D) Laser intensity and temperature
  • 4. How can the photoionization cross-section for molecules be estimated?
A) By measuring tunneling rates
B) By examining Franck-Condon factors
C) By calculating the AC Stark effect
D) By determining the wavelength of the ground state
  • 5. What is the approximate photoionization cross-section for photon energies below the ionization threshold?
A) Constant
B) One hundred percent
C) Near zero
D) Negligible but increasing
  • 6. Which software is mentioned as a tool for computing molecular vibrations for cross-section estimation?
A) Gaussian
B) Matlab
C) AutoCAD
D) QChem
  • 7. What happens to the ionization probability as the number of photons required for multi-photon ionization increases?
A) It becomes independent of intensity
B) It decreases rapidly
C) It increases exponentially
D) It stays constant
  • 8. In the perturbative regime, the probability of absorbing N photons depends on laser intensity (I) as:
A) The log of I
B) I multiplied by N
C) I to the power of N
D) The square root of I
  • 9. What effect causes the breakdown of the intensity power law in high-intensity multi-photon ionization?
A) Quantum interference
B) AC Stark effect
C) Barrier suppression
D) Franck-Condon effect
  • 10. What is the full name of the REMPI spectroscopy technique?
A) Rotational-enhanced molecular photon ionization
B) Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization
C) Resonant-electron multi-photon intensity
D) Rapid-energy multi-photon induction
  • 11. What does REMPI use to access an excited intermediate state?
A) A constant magnetic field
B) X-ray bombardment
C) A tunable laser
D) An electron beam
  • 12. What is the primary characteristic of Above-threshold ionization (ATI)?
A) Emission of protons instead of electrons
B) Absorption of more photons than necessary for ionization
C) Absorption of fewer photons than the threshold
D) Complete cessation of photon absorption
  • 13. In ATI, how is the kinetic energy of the released electron affected?
A) It is higher than in threshold ionization
B) It is reduced by the photon energy
C) It remains exactly at zero
D) It is lower than in threshold ionization
  • 14. What feature appears in the photoelectron spectrum of an ATI system?
A) No spectral peaks
B) A decay curve
C) Multiple peaks separated by photon energies
D) A single continuous line
  • 15. What phenomenon occurs at intensities around 1015 to 1016 W/cm2?
A) Linear absorption
B) Non-perturbative phenomena like barrier suppression
C) Spontaneous emission
D) Molecular dissociation only
  • 16. What happens to the atomic potential in tunnel ionization?
A) It remains perfectly symmetric
B) It becomes infinite
C) It is distorted to create a narrow barrier
D) It disappears entirely
  • 17. Which term describes the process where an electron overcomes the barrier due to large potential distortions?
A) Over-the-barrier ionization
B) Tunnel ionization
C) Above-threshold ionization
D) Resonance-enhanced ionization
  • 18. What conditions favor tunnel ionization over multi-photon ionization?
A) High pressure
B) Lower temperature
C) Decreased intensity and shorter wavelength
D) Increased laser intensity or longer wavelength
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