Economic Backwardness in Historical Perspective

Economic Backwardness in Historical Perspective - Test

1. Which country is often cited as a case of late industrialization?

A) United States.
B) Russia.
C) Japan.
D) Germany.

2. In historical terms, which region is often associated with prolonged economic backwardness?

A) East Asia.
B) North America.
C) Western Europe.
D) Sub-Saharan Africa.

3. Which historical event marked a significant shift towards industrialization for many European countries?

A) The French Revolution.
B) The Industrial Revolution.
C) World War I.
D) The Cold War.

4. Which country is often cited as an example of successful late industrialization?

A) United Kingdom.
B) South Korea.
C) Italy.
D) India.

5. What is an essential feature of 'catch-up' growth?

A) Total isolation from global markets.
B) Rejection of foreign ideas.
C) Only focusing on agriculture.
D) Adoption of existing technologies.

6. Which economic policy is likely to encourage development in backward economies?

A) Investment in education and infrastructure.
B) Encouraging emigration of skilled workers.
C) Reducing state involvement in the economy.
D) Maintaining high tariffs on imports.

7. Which approach argues that backwardness is primarily due to cultural factors?

A) Cultural determinism.
B) Structuralism.
C) Historical materialism.
D) Economic liberalism.

8. Which theory focuses on the role of institutions in economic development?

A) Classical Economics.
B) Marxian Economics.
C) New Institutional Economics.
D) Neoclassical Economics.

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