CLJ 4,5&6 (Wadab,2025) - Quiz
  • 1. A foreign diplomat secretly gathers military information in the Philippines and sends it to his country, which is preparing for war. What crime is MOST appropriate?
A) Espionage
B) Inciting to War
C) Conspiracy to Commit Treason
D) Coup d'etat
  • 2. Treason requires adherence to the enemy. In analyzing the conduct of a Filipino nurse who treats wounded foreign soldiers invading the Philippines, which factor determines liability?
A) Whether she acted voluntarily
B) Whether she wore a uniform
C) Whether she is a civilian
D) Whether she was paid
  • 3. A news blogger criticizes the government, claiming it is “authoritarian,” but provides factual sources. Is this inciting to sedition?
A) Yes, because it undermines authority
B) Yes, because criticism equals sedition
C) No, because it lacks seditious intent
D) No, because bloggers are exempt
  • 4. Police officers arrest a man without warrant simply because he “looks suspicious.” Which right is primarily violated?
A) Right against unreasonable seizures
B) Freedom of movement
C) Freedom of speech
D) Right to privacy
  • 5. A mayor orders security personnel to block a critic from entering the city hall. Which crime applies?
A) Grave coercion
B) Arbitrary Detention
C) Illegal arrest
D) Violation of domicile
  • 6. A group attempts to seize a municipal hall using stolen firearms but fails. What crime?
A) Inciting to rebellion
B) Rebellion
C) Sedition
D) Coup d'etat
  • 7. You evaluate whether a private citizen who participated in rebellion as a medic is criminally liable. Which principle applies?
    A. Immunity of non-combatants
A) Immunity of non-combatants
B) Absorption doctrine
C) Indeterminate sentence kaw
D) Proximate cause
  • 8. A kidnapping victim voluntarily goes with the offender due to fear from a previous threat. Is kidnapping committed?
A) Yes, but only grave coercion
B) Yes, intimidation still constitutes deprivation
C) No, because the threat was past
D) No, because she went voluntarily
  • 9. A soldier arrests a civilian for a crime that has not yet been committed but may occur later. This is:
A) Abuse of authority
B) Unlawful arrest
C) Arbitrary detention
D) Illegal arrest
  • 10. Which action MOST seriously threatens national security?
A) Skipping mandatory civic duties
B) Leaking military troop movements
C) Refusing to pay taxes
D) Sharing memes criticizing government
  • 11. To prevent sedition in campuses, which measure is MOST constitutionally acceptable?
A) Mandatory reporting of dissenters
B) Establishing civic education programs
C) Total ban on political groups
D) Surveillance of all student organizations
  • 12. A journalist reveals classified information exposing corruption. Government charges him with espionage. Which element is missing?
A) Intent to aid a foreign power
B) Actual publication
C) Public interest
D) Possession of information
  • 13. A husband strikes his wife during an argument causing slight injuries. What determines if parricide applies?
A) Degree of provocation
B) Severity of injuries
C) Relationship
D) Weapon used
  • 14. A student pushes a classmate down the stairs during a prank, causing death. What crime?
A) Parricide
B) Reckless imprudence resulting to homicide
C) Homicide
D) Murded
  • 15. A store owner shoots a thief who is running away with a stolen phone. Is defense of property valid?
A) No, aggression had ended
B) Yes, because the item is valuable
C) Yes, the thief committed a crime
D) Yes, because firearm was licensed
  • 16. A person sets fire to the house to kill the occupants. What qualifying circumstance applies?
A) Abuse of superiority
B) Price or reward
C) Treachery
D) By means of fire
  • 17. A rapist threatens the victim’s mother to force the victim to submit. Which element of rape is present?
A) By force or intimidation
B) By fraudulent machination
C) By grave abuse of authority
D) By taking advantage of relationship
  • 18. Which scenario BEST qualifies as grave coercion?
A) Warning a friend to stop wrongdoing
B) Yelling at an employee
C) Asking someone to run errands
D) Forcing someone to join a gang
  • 19. A child finds a cellphone and sells it. What crime?
A) Theft
B) Estafa
C) None if no intent to gain
D) Fencing
  • 20. A person honestly believes a borrowed item was gifted to him and sells it. Which principle negates estafa?
A) Mitigating circumstance
B) Proximate cause
C) Good faith
D) Mistake of fact
  • 21. Which is the BEST indicator of murder rather than homicide?
A) Use of firearm
B) Public scandal
C) Lack of provocation
D) Presence of qualifying circumstances
  • 22. A mother abandons her newborn in a safe location intending someone to rescue the child. Crime?
A) Child abuse
B) Abandonment of minor
C) Infanticide
D) Parricide
  • 23. A landlord breaks the tenant’s door at night to demand unpaid rent. Which crime applies?
A) Trespass to dwelling
B) Coercion
C) Physical injury
D) Robbery
  • 24. Which act constitutes slander by deed?
A) Posting defamatory content
B) Throwing mud at someone publicly
C) False accusation
D) Online insult
  • 25. A driver jumps a red light and injures a pedestrian. Crime committed?
A) Attempted homicide
B) Reckless imprudence resulting in physical injuries
C) Direct physical injuries
D) Malicious mischief
  • 26. Which preventive policy BEST reduces quasi-offenses?
A) Stricter punishment
B) Increased police visibility
C) Public education on negligence
D) More prisons
  • 27. A pickpocket steals a wallet using slight force but does not intimidate the victim. Crime?
A) Theft
B) Qualified theft
C) coercion
D) Robbery
  • 28. Which situation BEST illustrates unjust vexation?
A) Physical evidence
B) Annoying acts without serious harm
C) Threats
D) Destroying property
  • 29. A man marries two women under different identities. Crime?
A) Adultery
B) concubinage
C) Illegal marriage
D) bigamy
  • 30. A professional spreads false claims about a colleague's incompetence. Crime?
A) Intriguing against honor
B) Libel
C) Oral defamation
D) Slander by deed
  • 31. A person modifies a gun without license. Violation?
A) RA 9208
B) RA 10591
C) RA 10883
D) RA 9165
  • 32. Which act shows trafficking rather than simple illegal recruitment?
A) Recruitment with exploitation
B) Transporting a worker without contract
C) Failure to provide employment
D) Recruiting minors for work abroad
  • 33. Which best qualifies as carnapping under RA 10883?
A) Forced taking of a tricycle
B) Stealing a car parked on the street
C) Borrowing a car and returning it late
D) Using a stolen motorcycle unknowingly
  • 34. Someone buys jewelry knowing it was stolen. Crime?
A) Theft
B) Robbery
C) Fencing
D) Estafa
  • 35. A hazing results in injuries but no death. Which law applies?
A) RA 10175
B) RA 8049
C) RA 9160
D) RA 10591
  • 36. Which act MOST clearly constitutes cyber-libel?
A) Sharing a meme
B) Posting criticism online
C) Unintentional sharing of wrong info
D) Posting false defamatory claims
  • 37. A witness testifies about what another person told him. Court evaluates admissibility under:
A) Best evidence rule
B) Hearsay rule
C) Opinion rule
D) Parol evidence rule
  • 38. A broken knife found at the crime scene is offered. This is:
A) Documentary evidence
B) Secondary evidence
C) Real evidence
D) Testimonial evidence
  • 39. Which evidence carries the MOST weight?
A) Rumors
B) Hearsay with exception
C) CCTV clear footage
D) Eyewitness under stress
  • 40. A contract photocopy is presented because the original burned in a fire. Admissible?
A) Yes, as real evidence
B) No, requires expert testimony
C) Never
D) Yes, as secondary evidence
  • 41. Burden of proof in criminal cases is on the:
A) defense
B) Accused
C) Prosecution
D) Court
  • 42. Which is the STRONGEST circumstantial evidence?
A) Motive alone
B) Suspect's silence
C) Opportunity and weapon possession
D) Presence near crime scene
  • 43. A dying victim identifies the attacker. This is allowed because:
A) Dying declaration exception
B) Part of res gestae
C) Best evidence rule
D) Verbal act rule
  • 44. A text message screenshot is offered. Court must first determine:
A) reliability
B) relevance
C) authorship
D) All of the above
  • 45. Which illustrates improper opinion testimony?
A) Lay witness giving medical opinion
B) Lay witness identifying someone
C) Expert analyzing blood
D) Expert on digital forensics testifying about devices
  • 46. A confession made after 12 hours without counsel is:
A) Inadmissible
B) Secondary evidence
C) Voluntary
D) Admissible
  • 47. Document signed using thumbmark must be authenticated by:
A) Subscribing witness
B) Court clerk
C) Any witness
D) Notary
  • 48. Which scenario makes evidence inadmissible?
A) Voluntarily given by accused
B) Obtained without warrant and not an exception
C) Given under subpoena
D) Discovered accidentally
  • 49. Fingerprints lifted from the scene are:
A) Documentary evidence
B) Real evidence
C) Demonstrative evidence
D) Testimonial evidence
  • 50. A witness saw the accused only briefly at night. Reliability depends on:
A) Lighting conditions
B) Judge's impression
C) Age of witness
D) Lawyer's objections
  • 51. Which is MOST persuasive in a rape case?
A) Victims's prompt complaint
B) Victim's delay reporting
C) Anonymous tip
D) Rumors
  • 52. What presumption applies if a mailed letter is shown properly addressed and stamped?
A) Presumption of delivery
B) Presumption of regularity
C) Presumption of innocence
D) Presumption of fraud
  • 53. A police officer testifies about the steps taken in handling evidence. This refers to:
A) Opinion testimony
B) Burden of proof
C) Chain of custody
D) Impeachment
  • 54. Counsel objects to testimony after question answered. Ruling?
A) Admissible
B) Stricken off
C) Waived
D) Sustained
  • 55. Evidence must be objected to:
A) After cross-examination
B) Anytime
C) At closing arguments
D) Before answer is given
  • 56. Which evidence is sufficient for conviction?
A) Belief of judge
B) Reasonable suspicion
C) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
D) Preponderance of evidence
  • 57. If evidence is irrelevant but material, what is the court likely to do?
A) Reject
B) Modify
C) Defer
D) Admit
  • 58. A diagram illustrating bullet trajectory is:
A) Testimonial evidence
B) Documentary evidence
C) Real evidence
D) Demonstrative evidence
  • 59. Court evaluates witness credibility based on:
A) Probability
B) All of the above
C) Demeanor
D) Consistency
  • 60. Case is dismissed due to lack of evidence. Failure relates to:
A) Burden of proof
B) Sufficiency
C) Admissibility
D) Weight of evidence
  • 61. A child witness hesitates but remains consistent. Weight?
A) Inadmissible
B) Neutral
C) Strong
D) Weak
  • 62. Which factor MOST affects reliability of DNA evidence?
A) Length of trial
B) Type of crime
C) Chain of custody integrity
D) Age of suspect
  • 63. Which court has jurisdiction over cases punishable by more than 6 years?
A) RTC
B) Court of Appeals
C) MTC
D) Sandiganbayan
  • 64. A complaint-affidavit lacking certification against forum shopping results in:
A) Nullity
B) Automatic dismissal
C) No effect
D) Cure by amendmend
  • 65. Which most affects venue in criminal cases?
A) Police recommendation
B) Place of commission
C) Residence of accused
D) Judge preference
  • 66. During preliminary investigation, respondent refuses to file counter-affidavit. Consequence?
A) Waiver of right
B) Suspension of PI
C) Case dismissed
D) Automatic acquittal
  • 67. Trial begins after:
A) Arrest
B) Filing complaint
C) Arraignment
D) Preliminary investigation
  • 68. Evidence presented after termination of trial is allowed only if:
A) Defense agrees
B) Prosecution insist
C) Judge allows in interest of justice
D) Witness appears late
  • 69. Sandiganbayan jurisdiction depends primarily on:
A) Position of accused
B) Amount involved
C) Number of victims
D) Location of offense
  • 70. To reduce clogged dockets, which procedural reform is MOST effective?
A) Mandatory plea bargaining
B) Requiring longer trials
C) More judges
D) Limiting caseloads
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