- 1. Constantius II (337–361 CE) was a Roman Emperor of the Constantinian dynasty, who ruled from 337 until his death in 361. Born on August 7, 317, he was the second son of Constantine the Great and Fausta. Following the death of his father, Constantius II became one of the three co-emperors, sharing power with his brothers, Constantine II and Constans. His reign is marked by significant events, including the continuation of the Arian controversy, which led to theological conflicts within Christianity, and the establishment of a more centralized imperial authority. Constantius II was a staunch supporter of Arianism, a theological doctrine that contradicted the Nicene Creed, leading to tensions with opponents such as the Nicene Christians and prominent figures like Athanasius of Alexandria. During his rule, he faced numerous challenges, including military threats from the Sasanian Empire in the east and the increasing pressures from Germanic tribes in the north. He undertook several military campaigns, notably against the Persians, achieving varying degrees of success. Constantius II's policies also included attempts to consolidate power and address administrative corruption within the empire. Despite his efforts, he struggled to maintain unity among the different factions within Christianity and faced revolts, such as the uprising of the usurper Magnentius. His reign ended abruptly when he died in 361 while preparing for a campaign against the Persian Empire, after which his cousin Julian became emperor, marking a significant shift in governance and religious policy.
Who was Constantius II's father?
A) Constantine II
B) Maxentius
C) Constantine the Great
D) Julian
- 2. What title did Constantius II hold?
A) Consul
B) Senator
C) Roman Emperor
D) Praetorian Prefect
- 3. In what year did Constantius II become emperor?
A) 361 CE
B) 337 CE
C) 350 CE
D) 325 CE
- 4. Which theological controversy was associated with Constantius II?
A) Pelagianism
B) Docetism
C) Arianism
D) Gnosticism
- 5. Who was Constantius II’s main rival in the East?
A) Shapur II
B) Valens
C) Julian
D) Maximinus II
- 6. Which battle did Constantius II fight against the Persians?
A) Battle of Chalons
B) Battle of Adrianople
C) Battle of Actium
D) Battle of Singara
- 7. What year marked the end of Constantius II's reign?
A) 330 CE
B) 350 CE
C) 375 CE
D) 361 CE
- 8. Which religious council did Constantius II support?
A) Council of Rimini
B) Council of Ephesus
C) Council of Nicaea
D) Council of Chalcedon
- 9. Constantius II ruled primarily over which part of the Roman Empire?
A) The Western Roman Empire
B) Gaul
C) Britannia
D) The Eastern Roman Empire
- 10. What was Constantius II's approach to governance?
A) Centralized power
B) Oligarchic control
C) Feudal decentralization
D) Anarchic freedom
- 11. How did Constantius II die?
A) Executed
B) In battle
C) He fell ill and died
D) Assassination
- 12. Who succeeded Constantius II as emperor?
A) Julian
B) Constantine III
C) Valentinian I
D) Constantius Gallus
- 13. Which emperor did Constantius II share rule with after Constantine's death?
A) Theodosius and Arcadius
B) Constantine II and Constantius Gallus
C) Valens and Gratian
D) Julian and Flavius
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