Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great
  • 1. Which ancient philosopher was Alexander's tutor?
A) Socrates
B) Plato
C) Aristotle
D) Pythagoras
  • 2. At what age did Alexander become king?
A) 20
B) 30
C) 18
D) 25
  • 3. During which famous battle did Alexander defeat the Persian King Darius III?
A) Battle of Thermopylae
B) Battle of Issus
C) Battle of Marathon
D) Battle of Gaugamela
  • 4. Which city in Egypt did Alexander found and name after himself?
A) Alexandria
B) Memphis
C) Luxor
D) Thebes
  • 5. In which year did Alexander the Great die?
A) 500 BC
B) 200 BC
C) 100 AD
D) 323 BC
  • 6. Who did Alexander marry to create unity between his Greek and Persian subjects?
A) Cleopatra
B) Olympias
C) Hephaestion
D) Roxana
  • 7. Who famously refused to bow down to Alexander, leading to a confrontation between them?
A) Leonidas
B) Cleopatra
C) Diogenes
D) Hannibal
  • 8. Which famous city did Alexander set on fire in a fit of rage?
A) Athens
B) Alexandria
C) Rome
D) Persepolis
  • 9. Which modern-day country was the core of Alexander's empire?
A) Italy
B) Turkey
C) Iran
D) Greece
  • 10. What was Alexander's famous horse named?
A) Bucephalus
B) Achilles
C) Pharaoh
D) Pegasus
  • 11. What was the name of Alexander's mother, who played a significant role in his life?
A) Hera
B) Athena
C) Olympias
D) Cleopatra
  • 12. What was Alexander III of Macedon commonly known as?
A) Alexander the Conqueror
B) King Philip's Son
C) The Macedonian King
D) Alexander the Great
  • 13. Which city was destroyed by Alexander during his campaign in the Balkans?
A) Corinth
B) Sparta
C) Athens
D) Thebes
  • 14. What empire did Alexander begin a series of campaigns against in 334 BC?
A) Roman Empire
B) Carthaginian Empire
C) Achaemenid Empire
D) Egyptian Empire
  • 15. Which period marks its beginning with Alexander's death?
A) Byzantine period
B) Classical period
C) Roman period
D) Hellenistic period
  • 16. What was the predominant language of the Byzantine Empire until its collapse in 1453 AD?
A) Arabic
B) Greek
C) Latin
D) Hebrew
  • 17. Which river marked Alexander's forced retreat from India due to troop mutiny?
A) Indus River
B) Ganges River
C) Yamuna River
D) Beas River
  • 18. What was the title of the literary work that became a major form of European literature after the Bible?
A) Odyssey
B) Alexander Romance
C) Iliad
D) Aeneid
  • 19. Where did Alexander die in 323 BC?
A) Alexandria, Egypt
B) Babylon, Mesopotamia
C) Thebes, Egypt
D) Athens, Greece
  • 20. What cultural diffusion resulted from Alexander's conquests?
A) Christianity
B) Islam
C) Roman Catholicism
D) Greco-Buddhism and Hellenistic Judaism
  • 21. Where was Alexander III born?
A) Athens
B) Sparta
C) Pella
D) Thebes
  • 22. What name did Alexander give to his tamed horse?
A) Hector
B) Xanthus
C) Bucephalas
D) Pegasus
  • 23. What did Hegesias of Magnesia suggest about the burning of the Temple of Artemis?
A) It marked the beginning of a new era.
B) It burnt down because Artemis was away, attending Alexander's birth.
C) It signified the end of Greek civilization.
D) It was an act of divine retribution.
  • 24. What did Philip II reportedly say to Alexander after he tamed the horse?
A) "I will sell the horse to another kingdom."
B) "My boy, you must find a kingdom big enough for your ambitions. Macedon is too small for you."
C) "You have disappointed me with your recklessness."
D) "Return to your studies and leave such matters to adults."
  • 25. What did Alexander do after his horse Bucephalas died?
A) He wrote a poem in his honor.
B) He named a city after him, Bucephala.
C) He retired from military campaigns.
D) He built a statue of the horse.
  • 26. What was the price offered for the horse that Alexander tamed?
A) Ten talents
B) Thirteen talents
C) Twenty talents
D) Five talents
  • 27. What did Philip II do on the day of Alexander's birth?
A) He visited the Oracle of Delphi.
B) He celebrated his victory at the Olympic Games.
C) He declared war against Athens.
D) He was preparing a siege on Potidea.
  • 28. What was the relationship between Alexander's nurse, Lanike, and his future general Cleitus?
A) She was his sister.
B) She was his mother.
C) She was his cousin.
D) She was his aunt.
  • 29. What did Olympias dream on the eve of her marriage to Philip?
A) She envisioned herself as the queen of all Greece.
B) She saw Alexander leading an army into battle.
C) Her womb was struck by a thunderbolt that caused a flame to spread before dying away.
D) She dreamed of a lion attacking her.
  • 30. What did Philip dream about securing his wife's womb?
A) With a sword.
B) With a crown.
C) With a seal engraved with a lion's image.
D) With a shield.
  • 31. At what age did Alexander's education under Aristotle end?
A) 16
B) 14
C) 20
D) 18
  • 32. What tribe revolted against Macedonia during Philip II's absence, leading to Alexander acting as regent?
A) Maedi
B) Illyrians
C) Thracians
D) Persians
  • 33. What city did Alexander found after driving the Maedi from their territory?
A) Philippopolis
B) Stageira
C) Alexandropolis
D) Mieza
  • 34. Which Greek city was working lands sacred to Apollo, prompting Philip's intervention?
A) Amphissa
B) Thebes
C) Corinth
D) Athens
  • 35. Which city did Philip and Alexander capture after stubborn resistance from its Theban garrison?
A) Elatea
B) Amphissa
C) Chaeronea
D) Thermopylae
  • 36. Who led the Athenians to vote for an alliance with Thebes against Macedonia?
A) Philip II
B) Demosthenes
C) Alexander the Great
D) Leonidas
  • 37. What was the name of the alliance established by Philip at Corinth?
A) Athenian Pact
B) Macedonian Confederation
C) Delphic League
D) Hellenic Alliance
  • 38. What title was Philip named after establishing the Hellenic Alliance?
A) King of Kings
B) Emperor
C) Pharaoh
D) Hegemon (Supreme Commander)
  • 39. Who did Philip marry in 338 BC that made Alexander's position as heir less secure?
A) Eurydice II of Macedon
B) Olympias
C) Thessalonike
D) Cleopatra Eurydice
  • 40. What relation was Cleopatra Eurydice to Alexander's general Attalus?
A) Sister
B) Daughter
C) Cousin
D) Niece
  • 41. Who mediated between Philip and Alexander leading to Alexander's return to Macedon?
A) Demaratus
B) Ptolemy
C) Harpalus
D) Nearchus
  • 42. Who did Olympias suggest was intended to be Philip's heir?
A) Perdiccas
B) Alexander
C) Philip Arrhidaeus
D) Cleopatra Eurydice
  • 43. Who assassinated Philip II of Macedon?
A) Pausanias
B) Perdiccas
C) Darius III
D) Leonnatus
  • 44. Where was Philip II assassinated?
A) During a battle in Asia Minor
B) At Aigai, near modern Vergina
C) In the city of Pella
D) On his way to Illyria
  • 45. Who did Alexander order to be murdered due to their correspondence with Demosthenes?
A) Cleopatra Eurydice
B) Alexander Lyncestes
C) Attalus
D) Europa
  • 46. From where did Alexander start his campaign against the Independent Thracians?
A) Amphipolis
B) Pella
C) Macedonia
D) Thessaloniki
  • 47. Which river was near where Alexander defeated the Triballi army?
A) Strymon
B) Danube
C) Axius
D) Lyginus
  • 48. Who was left as regent while Alexander set out on his Asian campaign?
A) Hephaestion
B) Antipater
C) Philip II
D) Parmenion
  • 49. Where did Alexander defeat Darius, marking a significant victory in Syria?
A) Gaugamela
B) Issus
C) Tyre
D) Arbela
  • 50. Which city did Alexander capture after a long siege in 332 BC?
A) Babylon
B) Memphis
C) Tyre
D) Gaza
  • 51. What did Alexander often refer to as his true father after being declared the son of Amun?
A) Apollo
B) Poseidon
C) Hades
D) Zeus-Ammon
  • 52. Which city did Alexander capture after leaving Babylon?
A) Susa
B) Babylon
C) Athens
D) Persepolis
  • 53. Which pass did Alexander storm to reach Persepolis before its garrison could loot the treasury?
A) Khyber Pass
B) Hellespont
C) The Persian Gates
D) Thermopylae
  • 54. Who was responsible for blocking the pass of the Persian Gates?
A) Darius III
B) Bessus
C) Xerxes I
D) Ariobarzanes
  • 55. What title did Bessus declare for himself after killing Darius III?
A) Artaxerxes V
B) Xerxes II
C) Darius IV
D) Alexander II
  • 56. Who betrayed Bessus, leading to his execution?
A) Ptolemy
B) Spitamenes
C) Alexander himself
D) Darius III
  • 57. Which satrapy did Spitamenes hold an undefined position in?
A) Sogdiana
B) Parthia
C) Bactria
D) Media
  • 58. What Persian custom did Alexander adopt at his court?
A) Persian feasting rituals
B) Proskynesis
C) Wearing a royal diadem
D) Hunting with falcons
  • 59. Who was executed for failing to alert Alexander about a plot against his life?
A) Callisthenes
B) Bessus
C) Parmenion
D) Philotas
  • 60. Who did Alexander kill during a drunken altercation in Maracanda?
A) Philotas
B) Parmenion
C) Cleitus the Black
D) Bessus
  • 61. Who did Antipater defeat and kill in the battle of Megalopolis?
A) Spartan king Agis III
B) A Persian general
C) An Athenian leader
D) Olympias
  • 62. What was a negative consequence of Alexander's demands for troops?
A) Strengthened the Spartan army
B) Depleted Macedon's strength
C) Increased wealth in Macedon
D) Improved relations with Rome
  • 63. Which deity appeared on the obverse of Alexander's gold coinage?
A) Zeus
B) Athena
C) Apollo
D) Hermes
  • 64. What animal was symbolic to both Heracles and the Anatolian god Sandas?
A) Bull
B) Eagle
C) Horse
D) Lion
  • 65. Which Persian satrap minted silver staters at Tarsus before Alexander's conquest?
A) Darius III
B) Bessus
C) Mazaeus
D) Tissaphernes
  • 66. Which river did Alexander cross after capturing the fortress of Aornos?
A) The Hydaspes
B) The Indus
C) The Ganges
D) The Jhelum
  • 67. Who was appointed as satrap after Alexander's victory over Porus?
A) Mazaeus
B) Porus
C) Bessus
D) Taxiles
  • 68. Which Indian ruler met Alexander with valuable presents and placed his forces at Alexander's disposal?
A) Ambhi (Taxiles)
B) Spitamenes
C) Porus
D) Mazaeus
  • 69. Which region did the Aspasioi inhabit during Alexander's campaign?
A) The Indus Valley
B) The Ganges Valley
C) The Kunar Valley
D) The Swat Valley
  • 70. What was the name of the elephant dedicated by Alexander to the Helios?
A) Bucephalus
B) Achilles
C) Ajax
D) Hector
  • 71. Which city did Alexander found on the Hydaspes river, named after his victory?
A) Bucephala
B) Taxila
C) Nicaea
D) Ora
  • 72. Which deity was depicted on the reverse of Alexander's silver coinage?
A) Hermes
B) Athena
C) Apollo
D) Zeus aetophoros
  • 73. What was the width of the Ganges River as reported to Alexander's army?
A) Twenty furlongs (4 km)
B) Forty furlongs (8 km)
C) Thirty-two furlongs (6.4 km)
D) Fifty furlongs (10 km)
  • 74. Who pleaded with Alexander to turn back and return home?
A) King Porus
B) Admiral Nearchus
C) General Coenus
D) General Craterus
  • 75. Which region did Alexander's army conquer while marching along the Indus?
A) The Nanda Empire
B) Carmania
C) The Magadha
D) The Malhi (in modern-day Multan)
  • 76. Which general did Alexander send to Carmania with much of his army?
A) General Craterus
B) Admiral Nearchus
C) King Porus
D) General Coenus
  • 77. Who was commissioned by Alexander to explore the Persian Gulf shore?
A) General Craterus
B) Alexander himself
C) General Coenus
D) Admiral Nearchus
  • 78. How long did most of the marriages from Alexander's mass marriage last?
A) They ended after six months.
B) Most lasted several decades.
C) Few lasted much beyond a year.
D) All were lifelong unions.
  • 79. Where did Alexander go to retrieve the bulk of the Persian treasure?
A) Ecbatana.
B) Babylon.
C) Pasargadae.
D) Susa.
  • 80. How old was Alexander when he died?
A) 32 years old
B) 50 years old
C) 45 years old
D) 40 years old
  • 81. Which theory about Alexander's death was mentioned by all four historians: Diodorus, Plutarch, Arrian, and Justin?
A) Natural causes like malaria
B) The poisoning conspiracy theory
C) Death in battle
D) Suicide
  • 82. What plant did Leo Schep propose might have been used to poison Alexander?
A) Wolfsbane
B) Belladonna
C) White hellebore (Veratrum album)
D) Nightshade
  • 83. In what year did Leo Schep propose the white hellebore poisoning theory in a BBC documentary?
A) 2003
B) 1998
C) 2010
D) 2014
  • 84. Which illness was suggested in a 2004 analysis as a possible cause of Alexander's death?
A) West Nile virus
B) Typhoid fever
C) Pyogenic (infectious) spondylitis or meningitis.
D) Guillain-Barré syndrome
  • 85. Who seized Alexander's funeral cortege on its way to Macedon?
A) Caracalla.
B) Ptolemy.
C) Hephaestion.
D) Caligula.
  • 86. What happened to Alexander's mummified body during Augustus' visit?
A) He took the breastplate for himself.
B) He transferred it to Sidon.
C) He sealed the tomb permanently.
D) Augustus accidentally knocked the nose off.
  • 87. Who closed Alexander's tomb to the public around AD 200?
A) Caligula.
B) Caracalla.
C) Emperor Septimius Severus.
D) Ptolemy IX Lathyros.
  • 88. Who was initially suggested by Perdiccas as king if Roxane's baby was male?
A) Roxane's baby
B) Perdiccas
C) Philip Arrhidaeus
D) Alexander IV
  • 89. Who commanded the infantry that rejected Perdiccas' initial suggestion for guardianship?
A) Leonnatus
B) Antipater
C) Craterus
D) Meleager
  • 90. Which artist did Alexander the Great commission to create sculptures of himself?
A) Apelles
B) Praxiteles
C) Lysippos
D) Pyrgoteles
  • 91. Which artist did not accurately reproduce Alexander the Great's complexion in their paintings?
A) Apelles
B) Pyrgoteles
C) Lysippos
D) Praxiteles
  • 92. What color was Alexander's hair according to the reconstruction of the Alexander Sarcophagus from Sidon?
A) Blond
B) Chestnut brown
C) Red
D) Black
  • 93. What did the Alexander Mosaic and contemporary coins depict about Alexander's eyes?
A) Small, unremarkable eyes.
B) Eyes deep set beneath a strongly pronounced forehead.
C) Hollow eyes with no detail.
D) Blue and brown eyes.
  • 94. Who coined the term 'Hellenization'?
A) The German historian Johann Gustav Droysen
B) Julius Caesar
C) Herodotus
D) Alexander the Great
  • 95. What was the outcome of Alexander's successors' policies on Hellenization?
A) They continued and expanded upon Alexander's policies
B) They ignored cultural integration entirely
C) They explicitly rejected such policies, but Hellenization still occurred throughout the region.
D) They completely reversed all aspects of Hellenization
  • 96. What was the basis of Hellenistic culture promoted by Alexander's conquests?
A) Derived from Persian customs
B) Based on Egyptian traditions
C) Essentially Athenian.
D) Primarily Spartan
  • 97. What was an opposite process to Hellenization in the successor states?
A) Christianization
B) Romanization
C) Babylonian influence
D) 'Orientalization'
  • 98. What region is known for its syncretic Greco-Buddhist art?
A) Kalinga
B) Gandhara
C) Magadha
D) Vajji
  • 99. Which Greek king is believed to have converted to Buddhism and was immortalized as 'Milinda'?
A) Seleucus I Nicator
B) Menander I
C) Alexander the Great
D) Antiochus III
  • 100. What type of architectural order can be found in Pakistan as far as Taxila?
A) Composite order
B) Tuscan order
C) Doric order
D) Ionic order
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