 - 1. Surrealism is a cultural and artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by its exploration of the unconscious mind, dream imagery, and juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated elements. Influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis and the writings of Sigmund Freud, Surrealists sought to express the irrational and the dreamlike in their works. Artists like Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, and Joan Miro are among the most well-known proponents of Surrealism, creating paintings, sculptures, and writings that challenge conventional notions of reality and explore the depths of imagination.
Who is considered the founder of Surrealism?
A) René Magritte
B) André Breton
C) Pablo Picasso
D) Salvador Dalí
- 2. Which city is often associated with the birth of Surrealism?
A) Berlin
B) New York
C) Madrid
D) Paris
- 3. Surrealist artists were influenced by the work of which psychologist?
A) B.F. Skinner
B) Ivan Pavlov
C) Carl Jung
D) Sigmund Freud
- 4. Which surrealist artist is known for his melting clocks in 'The Persistence of Memory'?
A) Joan Miró
B) Man Ray
C) Marc Chagall
D) Salvador Dalí
- 5. Whose works often feature eerie, dreamlike scenes with bowler-hatted men?
A) René Magritte
B) Max Ernst
C) Frida Kahlo
D) Marcel Duchamp
- 6. Which female artist was associated with Surrealism and known for her self-portraits?
A) Louise Bourgeois
B) Dorothea Tanning
C) Frida Kahlo
D) Georgia O'Keeffe
- 7. What is the title of a famous Surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí?
A) Un Chien Andalou
B) Metropolis
C) The Seventh Seal
D) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
- 8. What was the name of the Surrealist journal founded by André Breton?
A) Surrealistic Quarterly
B) The Surrealist Times
C) Dreamscape Gazette
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 9. Which Surrealist artist was known for her contributions to the Surrealist movement through her writing and art?
A) Leonora Carrington
B) Lee Miller
C) Kay Sage
D) Dorothea Tanning
- 10. What animal is prominently depicted in Salvador Dali's works as a symbol?
A) Rabbit
B) Lion
C) Goose
D) Elephant
- 11. What art movement influenced Surrealism with its rejection of reason and embrace of chaos?
A) Pop Art
B) Impressionism
C) Dadaism
D) Cubism
- 12. Which Surrealist artist was also a known filmmaker, creating 'Un Chien Andalou'?
A) Luis Buñuel
B) Paul Delvaux
C) Remedios Varo
D) Leonora Carrington
- 13. What is the term for the practice of expressing the content of the unconscious mind without conscious control?
A) Automatic Writing
B) Pointillism
C) Abstract Expressionism
D) Impressionism
- 14. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Surrealist art?
A) Automatism
B) Realism
C) Absurdity
D) Dream-like imagery
- 15. Who coined the term 'Surrealism' in his 1917 play 'Les Mamelles de Tirésias'?
A) Tristan Tzara
B) Hugo Ball
C) Guillaume Apollinaire
D) Marcel Duchamp
- 16. Surrealism sought to unlock the power of the ______ mind.
A) Rational
B) Subconscious
C) Intellectual
D) Conscious
- 17. In which year did Guillaume Apollinaire first use the term 'surrealism'?
A) 1917
B) 1918
C) 1924
D) 1903
- 18. Which ballet was described as 'surrealistic' by Guillaume Apollinaire?
A) The Magnetic Fields
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) Parade
D) Les Mamelles de Tirésias
- 19. What did André Breton aim to resolve through Surrealism?
A) The conflict between art and science
B) The previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality
C) The separation of literature and visual arts
D) The differences between various artistic movements
- 20. Which movement influenced Surrealism before its official establishment?
A) Impressionism
B) Cubism
C) Dada
D) Futurism
- 21. What was André Breton's profession during World War I?
A) Music
B) Painting
C) Medicine and psychiatry
D) Literature
- 22. Which essay by Pierre Reverdy influenced Breton's idea of startling juxtapositions?
A) An essay on the principles of Cubism
B) A treatise on Impressionist techniques
C) A 1918 essay on the relationship between two distant realities
D) A manifesto on Dadaism
- 23. Which philosophical dialectic did Surrealists incorporate into their philosophy?
A) Socratic Dialectic
B) Hegelian Dialectic
C) Platonic Dialectic
D) Aristotelian Dialectic
- 24. Which political ideologies did Surrealists align with at various times?
A) Monarchism and theocracy
B) Communism and anarchism
C) Liberalism and conservatism
D) Fascism and nationalism
- 25. What was the main aim of Surrealism according to André Breton?
A) Long live the social revolution, and it alone!
B) To create purely aesthetic art
C) To merge science with art
D) To promote religious themes in art
- 26. What was the purpose of combining elements not normally found together in Surrealist works?
A) To follow traditional artistic norms
B) To achieve harmony and balance
C) To produce illogical and startling effects
D) To create realistic depictions
- 27. Who published the Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924?
A) Francis Picabia
B) Yvan Goll
C) André Breton
D) Tristan Tzara
- 28. What event marked the clash between Yvan Goll and André Breton?
A) A joint publication of their manifestos
B) A debate at a surrealist conference
C) A public lecture on surrealism
D) A literal fight at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées
- 29. Which technique was initially doubted by André Breton for its usefulness in the Surrealist movement?
A) Decalcomania
B) Visual arts
C) Frottage
D) Automatic drawing
- 30. In which year did an autonomous Surrealist group form in Brussels?
A) 1927
B) 1925
C) 1923
D) 1930
- 31. Who among the following artists was not considered a central figure in joining the Surrealist movement despite admiration from Breton?
A) Max Ernst
B) Joan Miró
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Pablo Picasso
- 32. Which of the following techniques was discovered and contributed to overcoming Breton's caution about visual arts?
A) Automatic writing
B) Collaborative drawing games
C) Frottage
D) Photomontage
- 33. Which Surrealist artist left the movement in 1928?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Joan Miró
C) Max Ernst
D) Giorgio de Chirico
- 34. What is the title of Giacometti's work from 1925 that marked his movement to simplified forms?
A) Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person
B) La Tour Rouge
C) Torso
D) The Nostalgia of the Poet
- 35. Which artist's 1927 work, The Kiss, is noted for its direct presentation of an erotic act?
A) Joan Miró
B) Giorgio de Chirico
C) Max Ernst
D) Salvador Dalí
- 36. Which year marked the first application of Surrealism to painting by Miró and Masson?
A) 1924
B) 1926
C) 1927
D) 1925
- 37. What was the first work written and published by André Breton's group of Surrealists?
A) Le Pèse-Nerfs
B) Irene's Cunt
C) Les Champs Magnétiques (May–June 1919)
D) Death to the Pigs
- 38. Which magazine contained automatist works and accounts of dreams?
A) La Révolution surréaliste
B) Littérature
C) Sur la route de San Romano
D) Les Chants de Maldoror
- 39. Which element was introduced into Surrealism due to the involvement of visual artists?
A) Automatic writing
B) Traditional painting
C) Collage
D) Realistic depiction
- 40. Which Surrealist work was published in 1926?
A) Death to the Pigs by Péret
B) Irene's Cunt by Aragon
C) Le Pèse-Nerfs by Artaud
D) Mr. Knife Miss Fork by Crevel
- 41. What was the purpose of 'convulsive joining' in Surrealism?
A) To depict historical events
B) To organize thoughts clearly
C) A tool for revelation
D) To create realistic art
- 42. Which Surrealist photographer was also known for their work in Japan?
A) Kansuke Yamamoto
B) Dora Maar
C) Man Ray
D) Brassaï
- 43. Which composer's work was described as being drawn from a dream sequence?
A) André Souris
B) Bohuslav Martinů
C) Edgard Varèse
D) Francis Poulenc
- 44. Which Surrealist composer wrote the opera 'La Petite Sirène'?
A) Germaine Tailleferre
B) György Ligeti
C) Mauricio Kagel
D) Pierre Boulez
- 45. Which Surrealist photographer was expelled from the movement due to political differences?
A) Dora Maar
B) Brassaï
C) Man Ray
D) Emiel van Moerkerken
- 46. Which Surrealist idea spread to North America and South America in the 1930s?
A) Political change
B) Cubism
C) Dadaism
D) Artistic practices
- 47. Which Surrealist group was founded in Chile in 1938?
A) Tropiques
B) Mandrágora
C) Association des Ecrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
D) Bureau of Surrealist Research
- 48. Which Surrealist film was completed by Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2003?
A) The Blood of a Poet
B) Un Chien Andalou
C) L'Âge d'Or
D) Destino
- 49. Which Surrealist magazine prepared a schism between art and politics?
A) Tropiques
B) Adieu Marie
C) DYN
D) Bureau of Surrealist Research
- 50. Which surrealist film released in December 1930 had a regenerative effect on the movement?
A) La Coquille et le Clergyman
B) L'Age d'Or
C) Un Chien Andalou
D) Ballet Mécanique
- 51. Which surrealist periodical, edited by Georges Bataille, ended in 1931?
A) Documents
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) Un Cadavre
D) Le Surréalisme au Service de la Révolution
- 52. In which year did André Breton write about surrealism recognizing itself in anarchism?
A) 1968
B) 1945
C) 1952
D) 1939
- 53. Which organization did Breton support that was transformed into the Fédération Communiste Libertaire?
A) Francophone Anarchist Federation
B) Antifascist Committees
C) Fédération anarchiste
D) French Communist Party
- 54. Who did Breton shelter while he was in hiding?
A) Dalí
B) Fontenis
C) Aragon
D) Bataille
- 55. Which city hosted the London International Surrealist Exhibition organized by Herbert Read?
A) Birmingham
B) Paris
C) New York
D) London
- 56. What technique did Wolfgang Paalen contribute to Surrealism?
A) Collage
B) Fumage
C) Coulage
D) Assemblage
- 57. What was the name of Salvador Dalí's installation at the 1938 Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme?
A) The Elephants
B) Persistence of Memory
C) Metamorphosis of Narcissus
D) Rainy Taxi
- 58. Which American art collector married Max Ernst and promoted Surrealist artists?
A) Louise Bourgeois
B) Peggy Guggenheim
C) Marianne Moore
D) Georgia O'Keeffe
- 59. Which magazine did André Breton co-found in the United States during WWII?
A) The Clean Handkerchief
B) View
C) Dyn
D) VVV
- 60. Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement but remained close to its ideas?
A) André Breton
B) Roberto Matta
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Max Ernst
- 61. Which Surrealist artist's work was influenced by biomorphic figures?
A) Mark Rothko
B) Arshile Gorky
C) Robert Motherwell
D) Jackson Pollock
- 62. Which movement is Afro-Surrealism primarily associated with?
A) Asia
B) The African diaspora
C) Western Europe
D) Latin America
- 63. Who was critical of and distanced himself from Surrealism during the 1960s?
A) Waldemar Fydrych
B) Joan Miró
C) Guy Debord
D) Asger Jorn
- 64. Who was known as 'Major' in the Orange Alternative movement?
A) Joan Miró
B) Waldemar Fydrych
C) Guy Debord
D) Asger Jorn
- 65. Which city hosted the 'Desire Unbound' exhibition in 2002?
A) Berlin
B) New York City
C) Paris
D) London
- 66. What was the theme of the international survey exhibition organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Tate Modern in 2021–2022?
A) Two Private Eyes
B) The Persistence of Memory
C) Surrealism Beyond Borders
D) Desire Unbound
- 67. Which Surrealist group is based in Stockholm?
A) Peculiar Mormyrid
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) Chicago Surrealist Group
D) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
- 68. Who continues to make films and experiment with objects as part of the Czech-Slovak Surrealists?
A) Waldemar Fydrych
B) Guy Debord
C) Asger Jorn
D) Jan Švankmajer
- 69. Which group was more attached to both Surrealism and the Situationist International?
A) Leeds Surrealist Group
B) Peculiar Mormyrid
C) Chicago Surrealist Group
D) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
- 70. Which Surrealist group is based in Leeds?
A) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
B) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
C) Chicago Surrealist Group
D) Leeds Surrealist Group
- 71. Who among the following was not cited as an influence on Surrealist artists?
A) Hieronymus Bosch
B) Plato
C) Marquis de Sade
D) Dante
- 72. Which Surrealist concept is described as dialectical?
A) Its focus on realism
B) Its commercial appeal
C) Its inherent dynamic
D) Its static nature
- 73. Which literary movement was significantly influenced by Surrealism in the latter half of the 20th century?
A) Postmodernism
B) Naturalism
C) Victorian Literature
D) Romanticism
- 74. Which Beat Generation writer was influenced by Artaud's 'Van Gogh – The Man Suicided by Society'?
A) Allen Ginsberg
B) Bob Kaufman
C) Gregory Corso
D) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
- 75. What technique did William S. Burroughs develop with Brion Gysin?
A) Free association
B) Automatic writing
C) Stream of consciousness
D) The cut-up technique
- 76. Which postmodern novelist experimented with startling juxtapositions since the 1960s?
A) John Barth
B) Kurt Vonnegut
C) Don DeLillo
D) Thomas Pynchon
- 77. Which filmmaker was regarded as a surrealist and quoted in relation to his show 'Twin Peaks'?
A) David Lynch
B) Stanley Kubrick
C) Quentin Tarantino
D) Martin Scorsese
- 78. Who was inspired by the revolutionary voice in Surrealist poetry and mentioned Breton and Artaud's inspiration from Mexico?
A) Miguel Ángel Asturias
B) Gabriel García Márquez
C) Julio Cortázar
D) Carlos Fuentes
- 79. Which Magic Realist writer criticized Surrealism's delineation between real and unreal?
A) Mario Vargas Llosa
B) Gabriel García Márquez
C) Isabel Allende
D) Alejo Carpentier
- 80. Which Beat Generation writer cut off Marcel Duchamp's tie?
A) Allen Ginsberg
B) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
C) Bob Kaufman
D) Gregory Corso
- 81. Which postmodern novelist translated Surrealist poetry and found the Surrealists to be a 'real discovery'?
A) Paul Auster
B) Kurt Vonnegut
C) Don DeLillo
D) Thomas Pynchon
- 82. Who disbanded the original Paris Surrealist Group in 1969?
A) André Breton
B) Martin Esslin
C) Jean Schuster
D) Henry Threadgill
- 83. What journal has the current Surrealist Group of Paris recently published a new issue for?
A) Analogon
B) The Theatre of the Absurd
C) Manifesto of Surrealism
D) Alcheringa
- 84. Which journal has been published by the Group of Czech-Slovak Surrealists for almost 100 volumes?
A) Alcheringa
B) Analogon
C) The Theatre of Cruelty
D) Surrealist Poetry
- 85. Which critic grouped playwrights into the 'Theatre of the Absurd'?
A) Martin Esslin
B) Henry Threadgill
C) André Breton
D) Franklin Rosemont
- 86. Which playwright claimed André Breton was one of the most important thinkers in history?
A) Eugène Ionesco
B) Arthur Adamov
C) Fernando Arrabal
D) Samuel Beckett
- 87. Who translated much of the Surrealist poetry into English?
A) Fernando Arrabal
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Samuel Beckett
D) Arthur Adamov
- 88. Which American-born artist is known for using vivid and elaborate costuming in dance?
A) Alice Farley
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Samuel Beckett
D) Henry Threadgill
- 89. In which city did Alice Farley become active during the 1970s?
A) Paris
B) Chicago
C) San Francisco
D) New York
- 90. Which artist is called the 'father of Surrealism' by Salvador Dalí?
A) André Breton
B) Hieronymus Bosch
C) Joos de Momper
D) Giuseppe Arcimboldo
- 91. Who authored '1919–1950: The politics of Surrealism'?
A) Maev Kennedy
B) Franklin Rosemont
C) Nick Heath
D) Alan Gullette
- 92. Which publication discusses Herbert Marcuse's connection to Surrealism?
A) The Guardian
B) Surrealism Reviewed
C) Arsenal vol. 4
D) Libcom.org
- 93. Who wrote about the theory and techniques of Surrealist poetry in an archived document?
A) Rob Jackaman
B) Alan Gullette
C) Aimé Césaire
D) C. J. Holcombe
- 94. Which artist's work is often claimed as a precursor to Surrealism?
A) Hieronymus Bosch
B) Henry Threadgill
C) Eugène Ionesco
D) Samuel Beckett
- 95. What aspect does Alice Farley explore in her dance performances?
A) Costuming
B) Improvisation
C) Collaboration
D) Surrealism
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