 - 1. Surrealism is a cultural and artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by its exploration of the unconscious mind, dream imagery, and juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated elements. Influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis and the writings of Sigmund Freud, Surrealists sought to express the irrational and the dreamlike in their works. Artists like Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, and Joan Miro are among the most well-known proponents of Surrealism, creating paintings, sculptures, and writings that challenge conventional notions of reality and explore the depths of imagination.
Who is considered the founder of Surrealism?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Pablo Picasso
C) René Magritte
D) André Breton
- 2. Which city is often associated with the birth of Surrealism?
A) Paris
B) Madrid
C) Berlin
D) New York
- 3. Surrealist artists were influenced by the work of which psychologist?
A) Ivan Pavlov
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Carl Jung
D) B.F. Skinner
- 4. Which surrealist artist is known for his melting clocks in 'The Persistence of Memory'?
A) Man Ray
B) Marc Chagall
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Joan Miró
- 5. Whose works often feature eerie, dreamlike scenes with bowler-hatted men?
A) Marcel Duchamp
B) Frida Kahlo
C) Max Ernst
D) René Magritte
- 6. Which female artist was associated with Surrealism and known for her self-portraits?
A) Georgia O'Keeffe
B) Frida Kahlo
C) Louise Bourgeois
D) Dorothea Tanning
- 7. What is the title of a famous Surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí?
A) Un Chien Andalou
B) The Seventh Seal
C) Metropolis
D) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
- 8. What was the name of the Surrealist journal founded by André Breton?
A) La Révolution surréaliste
B) Dreamscape Gazette
C) The Surrealist Times
D) Surrealistic Quarterly
- 9. Which Surrealist artist was known for her contributions to the Surrealist movement through her writing and art?
A) Dorothea Tanning
B) Lee Miller
C) Kay Sage
D) Leonora Carrington
- 10. What animal is prominently depicted in Salvador Dali's works as a symbol?
A) Lion
B) Rabbit
C) Goose
D) Elephant
- 11. What art movement influenced Surrealism with its rejection of reason and embrace of chaos?
A) Impressionism
B) Pop Art
C) Dadaism
D) Cubism
- 12. Which Surrealist artist was also a known filmmaker, creating 'Un Chien Andalou'?
A) Leonora Carrington
B) Remedios Varo
C) Luis Buñuel
D) Paul Delvaux
- 13. What is the term for the practice of expressing the content of the unconscious mind without conscious control?
A) Abstract Expressionism
B) Impressionism
C) Automatic Writing
D) Pointillism
- 14. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Surrealist art?
A) Absurdity
B) Dream-like imagery
C) Realism
D) Automatism
- 15. Who coined the term 'Surrealism' in his 1917 play 'Les Mamelles de Tirésias'?
A) Guillaume Apollinaire
B) Tristan Tzara
C) Hugo Ball
D) Marcel Duchamp
- 16. Surrealism sought to unlock the power of the ______ mind.
A) Rational
B) Intellectual
C) Subconscious
D) Conscious
- 17. In which year did Guillaume Apollinaire first use the term 'surrealism'?
A) 1903
B) 1924
C) 1918
D) 1917
- 18. Which ballet was described as 'surrealistic' by Guillaume Apollinaire?
A) La Révolution surréaliste
B) Parade
C) Les Mamelles de Tirésias
D) The Magnetic Fields
- 19. What did André Breton aim to resolve through Surrealism?
A) The separation of literature and visual arts
B) The conflict between art and science
C) The previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality
D) The differences between various artistic movements
- 20. Which movement influenced Surrealism before its official establishment?
A) Impressionism
B) Dada
C) Futurism
D) Cubism
- 21. What was André Breton's profession during World War I?
A) Literature
B) Medicine and psychiatry
C) Painting
D) Music
- 22. Which essay by Pierre Reverdy influenced Breton's idea of startling juxtapositions?
A) An essay on the principles of Cubism
B) A 1918 essay on the relationship between two distant realities
C) A manifesto on Dadaism
D) A treatise on Impressionist techniques
- 23. Which philosophical dialectic did Surrealists incorporate into their philosophy?
A) Platonic Dialectic
B) Socratic Dialectic
C) Hegelian Dialectic
D) Aristotelian Dialectic
- 24. Which political ideologies did Surrealists align with at various times?
A) Monarchism and theocracy
B) Communism and anarchism
C) Liberalism and conservatism
D) Fascism and nationalism
- 25. What was the main aim of Surrealism according to André Breton?
A) Long live the social revolution, and it alone!
B) To promote religious themes in art
C) To merge science with art
D) To create purely aesthetic art
- 26. What was the purpose of combining elements not normally found together in Surrealist works?
A) To achieve harmony and balance
B) To produce illogical and startling effects
C) To create realistic depictions
D) To follow traditional artistic norms
- 27. Who published the Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924?
A) Yvan Goll
B) André Breton
C) Tristan Tzara
D) Francis Picabia
- 28. What event marked the clash between Yvan Goll and André Breton?
A) A debate at a surrealist conference
B) A literal fight at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées
C) A public lecture on surrealism
D) A joint publication of their manifestos
- 29. Which technique was initially doubted by André Breton for its usefulness in the Surrealist movement?
A) Decalcomania
B) Automatic drawing
C) Visual arts
D) Frottage
- 30. In which year did an autonomous Surrealist group form in Brussels?
A) 1925
B) 1923
C) 1927
D) 1930
- 31. Who among the following artists was not considered a central figure in joining the Surrealist movement despite admiration from Breton?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Pablo Picasso
C) Max Ernst
D) Joan Miró
- 32. Which of the following techniques was discovered and contributed to overcoming Breton's caution about visual arts?
A) Collaborative drawing games
B) Photomontage
C) Automatic writing
D) Frottage
- 33. Which Surrealist artist left the movement in 1928?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Joan Miró
C) Giorgio de Chirico
D) Max Ernst
- 34. What is the title of Giacometti's work from 1925 that marked his movement to simplified forms?
A) Torso
B) La Tour Rouge
C) The Nostalgia of the Poet
D) Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person
- 35. Which artist's 1927 work, The Kiss, is noted for its direct presentation of an erotic act?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Max Ernst
C) Giorgio de Chirico
D) Joan Miró
- 36. Which year marked the first application of Surrealism to painting by Miró and Masson?
A) 1927
B) 1926
C) 1925
D) 1924
- 37. What was the first work written and published by André Breton's group of Surrealists?
A) Irene's Cunt
B) Les Champs Magnétiques (May–June 1919)
C) Death to the Pigs
D) Le Pèse-Nerfs
- 38. Which magazine contained automatist works and accounts of dreams?
A) La Révolution surréaliste
B) Sur la route de San Romano
C) Littérature
D) Les Chants de Maldoror
- 39. Which Surrealist group is based in Leeds?
A) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
B) Chicago Surrealist Group
C) Leeds Surrealist Group
D) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
- 40. Who was inspired by the revolutionary voice in Surrealist poetry and mentioned Breton and Artaud's inspiration from Mexico?
A) Gabriel García Márquez
B) Miguel Ángel Asturias
C) Carlos Fuentes
D) Julio Cortázar
- 41. Which Surrealist concept is described as dialectical?
A) Its static nature
B) Its inherent dynamic
C) Its focus on realism
D) Its commercial appeal
- 42. Which Surrealist artist's work was influenced by biomorphic figures?
A) Arshile Gorky
B) Robert Motherwell
C) Jackson Pollock
D) Mark Rothko
- 43. Which playwright claimed André Breton was one of the most important thinkers in history?
A) Eugène Ionesco
B) Fernando Arrabal
C) Samuel Beckett
D) Arthur Adamov
- 44. Which city hosted the London International Surrealist Exhibition organized by Herbert Read?
A) Paris
B) Birmingham
C) London
D) New York
- 45. What was the theme of the international survey exhibition organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Tate Modern in 2021–2022?
A) Surrealism Beyond Borders
B) Desire Unbound
C) The Persistence of Memory
D) Two Private Eyes
- 46. Who disbanded the original Paris Surrealist Group in 1969?
A) André Breton
B) Martin Esslin
C) Jean Schuster
D) Henry Threadgill
- 47. Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement but remained close to its ideas?
A) André Breton
B) Roberto Matta
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Max Ernst
- 48. Which composer's work was described as being drawn from a dream sequence?
A) Edgard Varèse
B) Francis Poulenc
C) Bohuslav Martinů
D) André Souris
- 49. Which element was introduced into Surrealism due to the involvement of visual artists?
A) Collage
B) Realistic depiction
C) Automatic writing
D) Traditional painting
- 50. Which city hosted the 'Desire Unbound' exhibition in 2002?
A) Paris
B) London
C) New York City
D) Berlin
- 51. Which postmodern novelist experimented with startling juxtapositions since the 1960s?
A) Kurt Vonnegut
B) Thomas Pynchon
C) Don DeLillo
D) John Barth
- 52. What was the name of Salvador Dalí's installation at the 1938 Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme?
A) Persistence of Memory
B) Metamorphosis of Narcissus
C) The Elephants
D) Rainy Taxi
- 53. Who authored '1919–1950: The politics of Surrealism'?
A) Alan Gullette
B) Nick Heath
C) Franklin Rosemont
D) Maev Kennedy
- 54. Who did Breton shelter while he was in hiding?
A) Fontenis
B) Dalí
C) Bataille
D) Aragon
- 55. Which organization did Breton support that was transformed into the Fédération Communiste Libertaire?
A) Francophone Anarchist Federation
B) Antifascist Committees
C) Fédération anarchiste
D) French Communist Party
- 56. Which literary movement was significantly influenced by Surrealism in the latter half of the 20th century?
A) Romanticism
B) Victorian Literature
C) Naturalism
D) Postmodernism
- 57. What technique did Wolfgang Paalen contribute to Surrealism?
A) Assemblage
B) Collage
C) Coulage
D) Fumage
- 58. Who among the following was not cited as an influence on Surrealist artists?
A) Marquis de Sade
B) Plato
C) Dante
D) Hieronymus Bosch
- 59. Which filmmaker was regarded as a surrealist and quoted in relation to his show 'Twin Peaks'?
A) David Lynch
B) Quentin Tarantino
C) Martin Scorsese
D) Stanley Kubrick
- 60. Which postmodern novelist translated Surrealist poetry and found the Surrealists to be a 'real discovery'?
A) Kurt Vonnegut
B) Don DeLillo
C) Paul Auster
D) Thomas Pynchon
- 61. Which Surrealist group is based in Stockholm?
A) Chicago Surrealist Group
B) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
C) Leeds Surrealist Group
D) Peculiar Mormyrid
- 62. Which Surrealist photographer was expelled from the movement due to political differences?
A) Dora Maar
B) Brassaï
C) Emiel van Moerkerken
D) Man Ray
- 63. Which Magic Realist writer criticized Surrealism's delineation between real and unreal?
A) Mario Vargas Llosa
B) Isabel Allende
C) Alejo Carpentier
D) Gabriel García Márquez
- 64. Which surrealist film released in December 1930 had a regenerative effect on the movement?
A) La Coquille et le Clergyman
B) Un Chien Andalou
C) L'Age d'Or
D) Ballet Mécanique
- 65. Who translated much of the Surrealist poetry into English?
A) Samuel Beckett
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Fernando Arrabal
D) Arthur Adamov
- 66. Which artist's work is often claimed as a precursor to Surrealism?
A) Henry Threadgill
B) Samuel Beckett
C) Hieronymus Bosch
D) Eugène Ionesco
- 67. Which American art collector married Max Ernst and promoted Surrealist artists?
A) Georgia O'Keeffe
B) Marianne Moore
C) Peggy Guggenheim
D) Louise Bourgeois
- 68. Who wrote about the theory and techniques of Surrealist poetry in an archived document?
A) Aimé Césaire
B) Alan Gullette
C) C. J. Holcombe
D) Rob Jackaman
- 69. Who was critical of and distanced himself from Surrealism during the 1960s?
A) Asger Jorn
B) Waldemar Fydrych
C) Guy Debord
D) Joan Miró
- 70. Which publication discusses Herbert Marcuse's connection to Surrealism?
A) The Guardian
B) Surrealism Reviewed
C) Libcom.org
D) Arsenal vol. 4
- 71. Which Beat Generation writer was influenced by Artaud's 'Van Gogh – The Man Suicided by Society'?
A) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
B) Bob Kaufman
C) Gregory Corso
D) Allen Ginsberg
- 72. Which group was more attached to both Surrealism and the Situationist International?
A) Peculiar Mormyrid
B) Chicago Surrealist Group
C) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
D) Leeds Surrealist Group
- 73. Who continues to make films and experiment with objects as part of the Czech-Slovak Surrealists?
A) Jan Švankmajer
B) Guy Debord
C) Waldemar Fydrych
D) Asger Jorn
- 74. Which magazine did André Breton co-found in the United States during WWII?
A) Dyn
B) View
C) The Clean Handkerchief
D) VVV
- 75. Which journal has been published by the Group of Czech-Slovak Surrealists for almost 100 volumes?
A) Alcheringa
B) Surrealist Poetry
C) Analogon
D) The Theatre of Cruelty
- 76. Which Surrealist idea spread to North America and South America in the 1930s?
A) Political change
B) Dadaism
C) Cubism
D) Artistic practices
- 77. What technique did William S. Burroughs develop with Brion Gysin?
A) Stream of consciousness
B) The cut-up technique
C) Automatic writing
D) Free association
- 78. In which city did Alice Farley become active during the 1970s?
A) New York
B) San Francisco
C) Paris
D) Chicago
- 79. Which Surrealist composer wrote the opera 'La Petite Sirène'?
A) Pierre Boulez
B) Germaine Tailleferre
C) György Ligeti
D) Mauricio Kagel
- 80. Which Beat Generation writer cut off Marcel Duchamp's tie?
A) Allen Ginsberg
B) Bob Kaufman
C) Gregory Corso
D) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
- 81. What aspect does Alice Farley explore in her dance performances?
A) Surrealism
B) Improvisation
C) Costuming
D) Collaboration
- 82. Which Surrealist film was completed by Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2003?
A) The Blood of a Poet
B) Destino
C) L'Âge d'Or
D) Un Chien Andalou
- 83. Which Surrealist magazine prepared a schism between art and politics?
A) DYN
B) Tropiques
C) Adieu Marie
D) Bureau of Surrealist Research
- 84. Which critic grouped playwrights into the 'Theatre of the Absurd'?
A) André Breton
B) Franklin Rosemont
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Martin Esslin
- 85. Who was known as 'Major' in the Orange Alternative movement?
A) Guy Debord
B) Asger Jorn
C) Joan Miró
D) Waldemar Fydrych
- 86. What was the purpose of 'convulsive joining' in Surrealism?
A) To create realistic art
B) A tool for revelation
C) To depict historical events
D) To organize thoughts clearly
- 87. What journal has the current Surrealist Group of Paris recently published a new issue for?
A) Alcheringa
B) Analogon
C) The Theatre of the Absurd
D) Manifesto of Surrealism
- 88. Which Surrealist photographer was also known for their work in Japan?
A) Dora Maar
B) Man Ray
C) Kansuke Yamamoto
D) Brassaï
- 89. In which year did André Breton write about surrealism recognizing itself in anarchism?
A) 1968
B) 1945
C) 1939
D) 1952
- 90. Which artist is called the 'father of Surrealism' by Salvador Dalí?
A) Joos de Momper
B) Hieronymus Bosch
C) André Breton
D) Giuseppe Arcimboldo
- 91. Which American-born artist is known for using vivid and elaborate costuming in dance?
A) Alice Farley
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Samuel Beckett
- 92. Which Surrealist work was published in 1926?
A) Irene's Cunt by Aragon
B) Le Pèse-Nerfs by Artaud
C) Mr. Knife Miss Fork by Crevel
D) Death to the Pigs by Péret
- 93. Which surrealist periodical, edited by Georges Bataille, ended in 1931?
A) Le Surréalisme au Service de la Révolution
B) Documents
C) Un Cadavre
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 94. Which movement is Afro-Surrealism primarily associated with?
A) The African diaspora
B) Latin America
C) Asia
D) Western Europe
- 95. Which Surrealist group was founded in Chile in 1938?
A) Bureau of Surrealist Research
B) Tropiques
C) Association des Ecrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
D) Mandrágora
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