 - 1. Surrealism is a cultural and artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by its exploration of the unconscious mind, dream imagery, and juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated elements. Influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis and the writings of Sigmund Freud, Surrealists sought to express the irrational and the dreamlike in their works. Artists like Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, and Joan Miro are among the most well-known proponents of Surrealism, creating paintings, sculptures, and writings that challenge conventional notions of reality and explore the depths of imagination.
Who is considered the founder of Surrealism?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Pablo Picasso
C) André Breton
D) René Magritte
- 2. Which city is often associated with the birth of Surrealism?
A) Paris
B) Madrid
C) Berlin
D) New York
- 3. Surrealist artists were influenced by the work of which psychologist?
A) Carl Jung
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Ivan Pavlov
- 4. Which surrealist artist is known for his melting clocks in 'The Persistence of Memory'?
A) Man Ray
B) Joan Miró
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Marc Chagall
- 5. Whose works often feature eerie, dreamlike scenes with bowler-hatted men?
A) Frida Kahlo
B) Marcel Duchamp
C) René Magritte
D) Max Ernst
- 6. Which female artist was associated with Surrealism and known for her self-portraits?
A) Frida Kahlo
B) Dorothea Tanning
C) Georgia O'Keeffe
D) Louise Bourgeois
- 7. What is the title of a famous Surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí?
A) Metropolis
B) Un Chien Andalou
C) The Seventh Seal
D) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
- 8. What was the name of the Surrealist journal founded by André Breton?
A) Surrealistic Quarterly
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) The Surrealist Times
D) Dreamscape Gazette
- 9. Which Surrealist artist was known for her contributions to the Surrealist movement through her writing and art?
A) Dorothea Tanning
B) Lee Miller
C) Leonora Carrington
D) Kay Sage
- 10. What animal is prominently depicted in Salvador Dali's works as a symbol?
A) Rabbit
B) Goose
C) Elephant
D) Lion
- 11. What art movement influenced Surrealism with its rejection of reason and embrace of chaos?
A) Cubism
B) Pop Art
C) Impressionism
D) Dadaism
- 12. Which Surrealist artist was also a known filmmaker, creating 'Un Chien Andalou'?
A) Remedios Varo
B) Paul Delvaux
C) Leonora Carrington
D) Luis Buñuel
- 13. What is the term for the practice of expressing the content of the unconscious mind without conscious control?
A) Abstract Expressionism
B) Pointillism
C) Impressionism
D) Automatic Writing
- 14. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Surrealist art?
A) Realism
B) Absurdity
C) Dream-like imagery
D) Automatism
- 15. Who coined the term 'Surrealism' in his 1917 play 'Les Mamelles de Tirésias'?
A) Guillaume Apollinaire
B) Tristan Tzara
C) Hugo Ball
D) Marcel Duchamp
- 16. Surrealism sought to unlock the power of the ______ mind.
A) Intellectual
B) Rational
C) Conscious
D) Subconscious
- 17. In which year did Guillaume Apollinaire first use the term 'surrealism'?
A) 1903
B) 1917
C) 1918
D) 1924
- 18. Which ballet was described as 'surrealistic' by Guillaume Apollinaire?
A) The Magnetic Fields
B) Parade
C) Les Mamelles de Tirésias
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 19. What did André Breton aim to resolve through Surrealism?
A) The separation of literature and visual arts
B) The conflict between art and science
C) The differences between various artistic movements
D) The previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality
- 20. Which movement influenced Surrealism before its official establishment?
A) Dada
B) Futurism
C) Cubism
D) Impressionism
- 21. What was André Breton's profession during World War I?
A) Literature
B) Music
C) Medicine and psychiatry
D) Painting
- 22. Which essay by Pierre Reverdy influenced Breton's idea of startling juxtapositions?
A) A manifesto on Dadaism
B) A 1918 essay on the relationship between two distant realities
C) A treatise on Impressionist techniques
D) An essay on the principles of Cubism
- 23. Which philosophical dialectic did Surrealists incorporate into their philosophy?
A) Hegelian Dialectic
B) Platonic Dialectic
C) Aristotelian Dialectic
D) Socratic Dialectic
- 24. Which political ideologies did Surrealists align with at various times?
A) Monarchism and theocracy
B) Fascism and nationalism
C) Communism and anarchism
D) Liberalism and conservatism
- 25. What was the main aim of Surrealism according to André Breton?
A) To create purely aesthetic art
B) To promote religious themes in art
C) To merge science with art
D) Long live the social revolution, and it alone!
- 26. What was the purpose of combining elements not normally found together in Surrealist works?
A) To achieve harmony and balance
B) To follow traditional artistic norms
C) To create realistic depictions
D) To produce illogical and startling effects
- 27. Who published the Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924?
A) Tristan Tzara
B) Yvan Goll
C) André Breton
D) Francis Picabia
- 28. What event marked the clash between Yvan Goll and André Breton?
A) A debate at a surrealist conference
B) A public lecture on surrealism
C) A literal fight at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées
D) A joint publication of their manifestos
- 29. Which technique was initially doubted by André Breton for its usefulness in the Surrealist movement?
A) Automatic drawing
B) Visual arts
C) Frottage
D) Decalcomania
- 30. In which year did an autonomous Surrealist group form in Brussels?
A) 1925
B) 1923
C) 1930
D) 1927
- 31. Who among the following artists was not considered a central figure in joining the Surrealist movement despite admiration from Breton?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Joan Miró
C) Pablo Picasso
D) Max Ernst
- 32. Which of the following techniques was discovered and contributed to overcoming Breton's caution about visual arts?
A) Photomontage
B) Automatic writing
C) Collaborative drawing games
D) Frottage
- 33. Which Surrealist artist left the movement in 1928?
A) Max Ernst
B) Joan Miró
C) Giorgio de Chirico
D) Salvador Dalí
- 34. What is the title of Giacometti's work from 1925 that marked his movement to simplified forms?
A) Torso
B) Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person
C) La Tour Rouge
D) The Nostalgia of the Poet
- 35. Which artist's 1927 work, The Kiss, is noted for its direct presentation of an erotic act?
A) Max Ernst
B) Giorgio de Chirico
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Joan Miró
- 36. Which year marked the first application of Surrealism to painting by Miró and Masson?
A) 1924
B) 1926
C) 1925
D) 1927
- 37. What was the first work written and published by André Breton's group of Surrealists?
A) Le Pèse-Nerfs
B) Irene's Cunt
C) Les Champs Magnétiques (May–June 1919)
D) Death to the Pigs
- 38. Which magazine contained automatist works and accounts of dreams?
A) Littérature
B) Sur la route de San Romano
C) La Révolution surréaliste
D) Les Chants de Maldoror
- 39. Which Surrealist group is based in Leeds?
A) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
B) Chicago Surrealist Group
C) Leeds Surrealist Group
D) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
- 40. Who was inspired by the revolutionary voice in Surrealist poetry and mentioned Breton and Artaud's inspiration from Mexico?
A) Carlos Fuentes
B) Gabriel García Márquez
C) Miguel Ángel Asturias
D) Julio Cortázar
- 41. Which Surrealist concept is described as dialectical?
A) Its inherent dynamic
B) Its commercial appeal
C) Its static nature
D) Its focus on realism
- 42. Which Surrealist artist's work was influenced by biomorphic figures?
A) Jackson Pollock
B) Arshile Gorky
C) Mark Rothko
D) Robert Motherwell
- 43. Which playwright claimed André Breton was one of the most important thinkers in history?
A) Eugène Ionesco
B) Fernando Arrabal
C) Arthur Adamov
D) Samuel Beckett
- 44. Which city hosted the London International Surrealist Exhibition organized by Herbert Read?
A) London
B) Paris
C) New York
D) Birmingham
- 45. What was the theme of the international survey exhibition organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Tate Modern in 2021–2022?
A) The Persistence of Memory
B) Two Private Eyes
C) Desire Unbound
D) Surrealism Beyond Borders
- 46. Who disbanded the original Paris Surrealist Group in 1969?
A) Martin Esslin
B) Henry Threadgill
C) Jean Schuster
D) André Breton
- 47. Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement but remained close to its ideas?
A) André Breton
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Max Ernst
D) Roberto Matta
- 48. Which composer's work was described as being drawn from a dream sequence?
A) André Souris
B) Bohuslav Martinů
C) Edgard Varèse
D) Francis Poulenc
- 49. Which element was introduced into Surrealism due to the involvement of visual artists?
A) Traditional painting
B) Collage
C) Realistic depiction
D) Automatic writing
- 50. Which city hosted the 'Desire Unbound' exhibition in 2002?
A) Berlin
B) London
C) Paris
D) New York City
- 51. Which postmodern novelist experimented with startling juxtapositions since the 1960s?
A) Thomas Pynchon
B) John Barth
C) Don DeLillo
D) Kurt Vonnegut
- 52. What was the name of Salvador Dalí's installation at the 1938 Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme?
A) Metamorphosis of Narcissus
B) Rainy Taxi
C) Persistence of Memory
D) The Elephants
- 53. Who authored '1919–1950: The politics of Surrealism'?
A) Nick Heath
B) Alan Gullette
C) Franklin Rosemont
D) Maev Kennedy
- 54. Who did Breton shelter while he was in hiding?
A) Aragon
B) Dalí
C) Fontenis
D) Bataille
- 55. Which organization did Breton support that was transformed into the Fédération Communiste Libertaire?
A) Francophone Anarchist Federation
B) Fédération anarchiste
C) Antifascist Committees
D) French Communist Party
- 56. Which literary movement was significantly influenced by Surrealism in the latter half of the 20th century?
A) Naturalism
B) Victorian Literature
C) Postmodernism
D) Romanticism
- 57. What technique did Wolfgang Paalen contribute to Surrealism?
A) Assemblage
B) Fumage
C) Collage
D) Coulage
- 58. Who among the following was not cited as an influence on Surrealist artists?
A) Plato
B) Marquis de Sade
C) Hieronymus Bosch
D) Dante
- 59. Which filmmaker was regarded as a surrealist and quoted in relation to his show 'Twin Peaks'?
A) David Lynch
B) Stanley Kubrick
C) Martin Scorsese
D) Quentin Tarantino
- 60. Which postmodern novelist translated Surrealist poetry and found the Surrealists to be a 'real discovery'?
A) Paul Auster
B) Thomas Pynchon
C) Kurt Vonnegut
D) Don DeLillo
- 61. Which Surrealist group is based in Stockholm?
A) Chicago Surrealist Group
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
D) Peculiar Mormyrid
- 62. Which Surrealist photographer was expelled from the movement due to political differences?
A) Brassaï
B) Man Ray
C) Dora Maar
D) Emiel van Moerkerken
- 63. Which Magic Realist writer criticized Surrealism's delineation between real and unreal?
A) Alejo Carpentier
B) Mario Vargas Llosa
C) Gabriel García Márquez
D) Isabel Allende
- 64. Which surrealist film released in December 1930 had a regenerative effect on the movement?
A) Ballet Mécanique
B) L'Age d'Or
C) Un Chien Andalou
D) La Coquille et le Clergyman
- 65. Who translated much of the Surrealist poetry into English?
A) Eugène Ionesco
B) Arthur Adamov
C) Fernando Arrabal
D) Samuel Beckett
- 66. Which artist's work is often claimed as a precursor to Surrealism?
A) Eugène Ionesco
B) Henry Threadgill
C) Samuel Beckett
D) Hieronymus Bosch
- 67. Which American art collector married Max Ernst and promoted Surrealist artists?
A) Peggy Guggenheim
B) Georgia O'Keeffe
C) Louise Bourgeois
D) Marianne Moore
- 68. Who wrote about the theory and techniques of Surrealist poetry in an archived document?
A) Aimé Césaire
B) Rob Jackaman
C) Alan Gullette
D) C. J. Holcombe
- 69. Who was critical of and distanced himself from Surrealism during the 1960s?
A) Asger Jorn
B) Waldemar Fydrych
C) Joan Miró
D) Guy Debord
- 70. Which publication discusses Herbert Marcuse's connection to Surrealism?
A) The Guardian
B) Libcom.org
C) Arsenal vol. 4
D) Surrealism Reviewed
- 71. Which Beat Generation writer was influenced by Artaud's 'Van Gogh – The Man Suicided by Society'?
A) Gregory Corso
B) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
C) Bob Kaufman
D) Allen Ginsberg
- 72. Which group was more attached to both Surrealism and the Situationist International?
A) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
B) Peculiar Mormyrid
C) Leeds Surrealist Group
D) Chicago Surrealist Group
- 73. Who continues to make films and experiment with objects as part of the Czech-Slovak Surrealists?
A) Guy Debord
B) Jan Švankmajer
C) Asger Jorn
D) Waldemar Fydrych
- 74. Which magazine did André Breton co-found in the United States during WWII?
A) View
B) The Clean Handkerchief
C) VVV
D) Dyn
- 75. Which journal has been published by the Group of Czech-Slovak Surrealists for almost 100 volumes?
A) Analogon
B) The Theatre of Cruelty
C) Alcheringa
D) Surrealist Poetry
- 76. Which Surrealist idea spread to North America and South America in the 1930s?
A) Dadaism
B) Artistic practices
C) Political change
D) Cubism
- 77. What technique did William S. Burroughs develop with Brion Gysin?
A) Free association
B) The cut-up technique
C) Automatic writing
D) Stream of consciousness
- 78. In which city did Alice Farley become active during the 1970s?
A) Chicago
B) New York
C) Paris
D) San Francisco
- 79. Which Surrealist composer wrote the opera 'La Petite Sirène'?
A) Pierre Boulez
B) György Ligeti
C) Mauricio Kagel
D) Germaine Tailleferre
- 80. Which Beat Generation writer cut off Marcel Duchamp's tie?
A) Bob Kaufman
B) Gregory Corso
C) Allen Ginsberg
D) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
- 81. What aspect does Alice Farley explore in her dance performances?
A) Improvisation
B) Surrealism
C) Costuming
D) Collaboration
- 82. Which Surrealist film was completed by Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2003?
A) Destino
B) The Blood of a Poet
C) Un Chien Andalou
D) L'Âge d'Or
- 83. Which Surrealist magazine prepared a schism between art and politics?
A) Bureau of Surrealist Research
B) DYN
C) Adieu Marie
D) Tropiques
- 84. Which critic grouped playwrights into the 'Theatre of the Absurd'?
A) André Breton
B) Martin Esslin
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Franklin Rosemont
- 85. Who was known as 'Major' in the Orange Alternative movement?
A) Waldemar Fydrych
B) Guy Debord
C) Asger Jorn
D) Joan Miró
- 86. What was the purpose of 'convulsive joining' in Surrealism?
A) A tool for revelation
B) To organize thoughts clearly
C) To create realistic art
D) To depict historical events
- 87. What journal has the current Surrealist Group of Paris recently published a new issue for?
A) The Theatre of the Absurd
B) Analogon
C) Alcheringa
D) Manifesto of Surrealism
- 88. Which Surrealist photographer was also known for their work in Japan?
A) Brassaï
B) Man Ray
C) Dora Maar
D) Kansuke Yamamoto
- 89. In which year did André Breton write about surrealism recognizing itself in anarchism?
A) 1952
B) 1939
C) 1968
D) 1945
- 90. Which artist is called the 'father of Surrealism' by Salvador Dalí?
A) Joos de Momper
B) Giuseppe Arcimboldo
C) Hieronymus Bosch
D) André Breton
- 91. Which American-born artist is known for using vivid and elaborate costuming in dance?
A) Alice Farley
B) Henry Threadgill
C) Eugène Ionesco
D) Samuel Beckett
- 92. Which Surrealist work was published in 1926?
A) Death to the Pigs by Péret
B) Mr. Knife Miss Fork by Crevel
C) Irene's Cunt by Aragon
D) Le Pèse-Nerfs by Artaud
- 93. Which surrealist periodical, edited by Georges Bataille, ended in 1931?
A) Un Cadavre
B) Documents
C) Le Surréalisme au Service de la Révolution
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 94. Which movement is Afro-Surrealism primarily associated with?
A) Asia
B) Western Europe
C) Latin America
D) The African diaspora
- 95. Which Surrealist group was founded in Chile in 1938?
A) Bureau of Surrealist Research
B) Association des Ecrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
C) Tropiques
D) Mandrágora
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