 - 1. Surrealism is a cultural and artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by its exploration of the unconscious mind, dream imagery, and juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated elements. Influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis and the writings of Sigmund Freud, Surrealists sought to express the irrational and the dreamlike in their works. Artists like Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, and Joan Miro are among the most well-known proponents of Surrealism, creating paintings, sculptures, and writings that challenge conventional notions of reality and explore the depths of imagination.
Who is considered the founder of Surrealism?
A) René Magritte
B) Pablo Picasso
C) André Breton
D) Salvador Dalí
- 2. Which city is often associated with the birth of Surrealism?
A) New York
B) Berlin
C) Madrid
D) Paris
- 3. Surrealist artists were influenced by the work of which psychologist?
A) Carl Jung
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Ivan Pavlov
D) B.F. Skinner
- 4. Which surrealist artist is known for his melting clocks in 'The Persistence of Memory'?
A) Man Ray
B) Marc Chagall
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Joan Miró
- 5. Whose works often feature eerie, dreamlike scenes with bowler-hatted men?
A) Marcel Duchamp
B) Max Ernst
C) Frida Kahlo
D) René Magritte
- 6. Which female artist was associated with Surrealism and known for her self-portraits?
A) Dorothea Tanning
B) Louise Bourgeois
C) Frida Kahlo
D) Georgia O'Keeffe
- 7. What is the title of a famous Surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí?
A) The Seventh Seal
B) Metropolis
C) Un Chien Andalou
D) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
- 8. What was the name of the Surrealist journal founded by André Breton?
A) Dreamscape Gazette
B) The Surrealist Times
C) La Révolution surréaliste
D) Surrealistic Quarterly
- 9. Which Surrealist artist was known for her contributions to the Surrealist movement through her writing and art?
A) Lee Miller
B) Dorothea Tanning
C) Kay Sage
D) Leonora Carrington
- 10. What animal is prominently depicted in Salvador Dali's works as a symbol?
A) Lion
B) Rabbit
C) Elephant
D) Goose
- 11. What art movement influenced Surrealism with its rejection of reason and embrace of chaos?
A) Impressionism
B) Cubism
C) Dadaism
D) Pop Art
- 12. Which Surrealist artist was also a known filmmaker, creating 'Un Chien Andalou'?
A) Luis Buñuel
B) Remedios Varo
C) Paul Delvaux
D) Leonora Carrington
- 13. What is the term for the practice of expressing the content of the unconscious mind without conscious control?
A) Automatic Writing
B) Abstract Expressionism
C) Pointillism
D) Impressionism
- 14. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Surrealist art?
A) Dream-like imagery
B) Automatism
C) Absurdity
D) Realism
- 15. Who coined the term 'Surrealism' in his 1917 play 'Les Mamelles de Tirésias'?
A) Hugo Ball
B) Guillaume Apollinaire
C) Tristan Tzara
D) Marcel Duchamp
- 16. Surrealism sought to unlock the power of the ______ mind.
A) Subconscious
B) Intellectual
C) Conscious
D) Rational
- 17. In which year did Guillaume Apollinaire first use the term 'surrealism'?
A) 1903
B) 1917
C) 1918
D) 1924
- 18. Which ballet was described as 'surrealistic' by Guillaume Apollinaire?
A) The Magnetic Fields
B) Les Mamelles de Tirésias
C) Parade
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 19. What did André Breton aim to resolve through Surrealism?
A) The differences between various artistic movements
B) The conflict between art and science
C) The previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality
D) The separation of literature and visual arts
- 20. Which movement influenced Surrealism before its official establishment?
A) Impressionism
B) Dada
C) Futurism
D) Cubism
- 21. What was André Breton's profession during World War I?
A) Music
B) Painting
C) Medicine and psychiatry
D) Literature
- 22. Which essay by Pierre Reverdy influenced Breton's idea of startling juxtapositions?
A) A 1918 essay on the relationship between two distant realities
B) A manifesto on Dadaism
C) A treatise on Impressionist techniques
D) An essay on the principles of Cubism
- 23. Which philosophical dialectic did Surrealists incorporate into their philosophy?
A) Aristotelian Dialectic
B) Socratic Dialectic
C) Hegelian Dialectic
D) Platonic Dialectic
- 24. Which political ideologies did Surrealists align with at various times?
A) Communism and anarchism
B) Fascism and nationalism
C) Monarchism and theocracy
D) Liberalism and conservatism
- 25. What was the main aim of Surrealism according to André Breton?
A) Long live the social revolution, and it alone!
B) To create purely aesthetic art
C) To merge science with art
D) To promote religious themes in art
- 26. What was the purpose of combining elements not normally found together in Surrealist works?
A) To produce illogical and startling effects
B) To create realistic depictions
C) To follow traditional artistic norms
D) To achieve harmony and balance
- 27. Who published the Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924?
A) Francis Picabia
B) André Breton
C) Yvan Goll
D) Tristan Tzara
- 28. What event marked the clash between Yvan Goll and André Breton?
A) A joint publication of their manifestos
B) A literal fight at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées
C) A debate at a surrealist conference
D) A public lecture on surrealism
- 29. Which technique was initially doubted by André Breton for its usefulness in the Surrealist movement?
A) Frottage
B) Decalcomania
C) Visual arts
D) Automatic drawing
- 30. In which year did an autonomous Surrealist group form in Brussels?
A) 1927
B) 1925
C) 1930
D) 1923
- 31. Who among the following artists was not considered a central figure in joining the Surrealist movement despite admiration from Breton?
A) Max Ernst
B) Pablo Picasso
C) Joan Miró
D) Salvador Dalí
- 32. Which of the following techniques was discovered and contributed to overcoming Breton's caution about visual arts?
A) Frottage
B) Collaborative drawing games
C) Automatic writing
D) Photomontage
- 33. Which Surrealist artist left the movement in 1928?
A) Joan Miró
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Max Ernst
D) Giorgio de Chirico
- 34. What is the title of Giacometti's work from 1925 that marked his movement to simplified forms?
A) La Tour Rouge
B) Torso
C) Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person
D) The Nostalgia of the Poet
- 35. Which artist's 1927 work, The Kiss, is noted for its direct presentation of an erotic act?
A) Max Ernst
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Joan Miró
D) Giorgio de Chirico
- 36. Which year marked the first application of Surrealism to painting by Miró and Masson?
A) 1926
B) 1927
C) 1924
D) 1925
- 37. What was the first work written and published by André Breton's group of Surrealists?
A) Les Champs Magnétiques (May–June 1919)
B) Irene's Cunt
C) Death to the Pigs
D) Le Pèse-Nerfs
- 38. Which magazine contained automatist works and accounts of dreams?
A) Sur la route de San Romano
B) Littérature
C) La Révolution surréaliste
D) Les Chants de Maldoror
- 39. Which Surrealist group is based in Leeds?
A) Chicago Surrealist Group
B) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
C) Leeds Surrealist Group
D) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
- 40. Who was inspired by the revolutionary voice in Surrealist poetry and mentioned Breton and Artaud's inspiration from Mexico?
A) Julio Cortázar
B) Carlos Fuentes
C) Gabriel García Márquez
D) Miguel Ángel Asturias
- 41. Which Surrealist concept is described as dialectical?
A) Its commercial appeal
B) Its inherent dynamic
C) Its focus on realism
D) Its static nature
- 42. Which Surrealist artist's work was influenced by biomorphic figures?
A) Mark Rothko
B) Arshile Gorky
C) Jackson Pollock
D) Robert Motherwell
- 43. Which playwright claimed André Breton was one of the most important thinkers in history?
A) Fernando Arrabal
B) Samuel Beckett
C) Arthur Adamov
D) Eugène Ionesco
- 44. Which city hosted the London International Surrealist Exhibition organized by Herbert Read?
A) Paris
B) Birmingham
C) New York
D) London
- 45. What was the theme of the international survey exhibition organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Tate Modern in 2021–2022?
A) Desire Unbound
B) Surrealism Beyond Borders
C) Two Private Eyes
D) The Persistence of Memory
- 46. Who disbanded the original Paris Surrealist Group in 1969?
A) Jean Schuster
B) André Breton
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Martin Esslin
- 47. Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement but remained close to its ideas?
A) Roberto Matta
B) Max Ernst
C) André Breton
D) Salvador Dalí
- 48. Which composer's work was described as being drawn from a dream sequence?
A) Edgard Varèse
B) André Souris
C) Bohuslav Martinů
D) Francis Poulenc
- 49. Which element was introduced into Surrealism due to the involvement of visual artists?
A) Automatic writing
B) Collage
C) Realistic depiction
D) Traditional painting
- 50. Which city hosted the 'Desire Unbound' exhibition in 2002?
A) Paris
B) London
C) New York City
D) Berlin
- 51. Which postmodern novelist experimented with startling juxtapositions since the 1960s?
A) Thomas Pynchon
B) Kurt Vonnegut
C) John Barth
D) Don DeLillo
- 52. What was the name of Salvador Dalí's installation at the 1938 Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme?
A) Metamorphosis of Narcissus
B) The Elephants
C) Rainy Taxi
D) Persistence of Memory
- 53. Who authored '1919–1950: The politics of Surrealism'?
A) Alan Gullette
B) Maev Kennedy
C) Nick Heath
D) Franklin Rosemont
- 54. Who did Breton shelter while he was in hiding?
A) Dalí
B) Fontenis
C) Bataille
D) Aragon
- 55. Which organization did Breton support that was transformed into the Fédération Communiste Libertaire?
A) Fédération anarchiste
B) Francophone Anarchist Federation
C) French Communist Party
D) Antifascist Committees
- 56. Which literary movement was significantly influenced by Surrealism in the latter half of the 20th century?
A) Romanticism
B) Postmodernism
C) Victorian Literature
D) Naturalism
- 57. What technique did Wolfgang Paalen contribute to Surrealism?
A) Coulage
B) Assemblage
C) Fumage
D) Collage
- 58. Who among the following was not cited as an influence on Surrealist artists?
A) Marquis de Sade
B) Dante
C) Hieronymus Bosch
D) Plato
- 59. Which filmmaker was regarded as a surrealist and quoted in relation to his show 'Twin Peaks'?
A) David Lynch
B) Quentin Tarantino
C) Martin Scorsese
D) Stanley Kubrick
- 60. Which postmodern novelist translated Surrealist poetry and found the Surrealists to be a 'real discovery'?
A) Thomas Pynchon
B) Don DeLillo
C) Kurt Vonnegut
D) Paul Auster
- 61. Which Surrealist group is based in Stockholm?
A) Chicago Surrealist Group
B) Peculiar Mormyrid
C) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
D) Leeds Surrealist Group
- 62. Which Surrealist photographer was expelled from the movement due to political differences?
A) Emiel van Moerkerken
B) Man Ray
C) Dora Maar
D) Brassaï
- 63. Which Magic Realist writer criticized Surrealism's delineation between real and unreal?
A) Alejo Carpentier
B) Isabel Allende
C) Mario Vargas Llosa
D) Gabriel García Márquez
- 64. Which surrealist film released in December 1930 had a regenerative effect on the movement?
A) L'Age d'Or
B) Ballet Mécanique
C) Un Chien Andalou
D) La Coquille et le Clergyman
- 65. Who translated much of the Surrealist poetry into English?
A) Eugène Ionesco
B) Samuel Beckett
C) Fernando Arrabal
D) Arthur Adamov
- 66. Which artist's work is often claimed as a precursor to Surrealism?
A) Henry Threadgill
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Hieronymus Bosch
D) Samuel Beckett
- 67. Which American art collector married Max Ernst and promoted Surrealist artists?
A) Peggy Guggenheim
B) Georgia O'Keeffe
C) Marianne Moore
D) Louise Bourgeois
- 68. Who wrote about the theory and techniques of Surrealist poetry in an archived document?
A) Rob Jackaman
B) Aimé Césaire
C) Alan Gullette
D) C. J. Holcombe
- 69. Who was critical of and distanced himself from Surrealism during the 1960s?
A) Waldemar Fydrych
B) Asger Jorn
C) Guy Debord
D) Joan Miró
- 70. Which publication discusses Herbert Marcuse's connection to Surrealism?
A) Arsenal vol. 4
B) Libcom.org
C) Surrealism Reviewed
D) The Guardian
- 71. Which Beat Generation writer was influenced by Artaud's 'Van Gogh – The Man Suicided by Society'?
A) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
B) Bob Kaufman
C) Allen Ginsberg
D) Gregory Corso
- 72. Which group was more attached to both Surrealism and the Situationist International?
A) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
B) Chicago Surrealist Group
C) Peculiar Mormyrid
D) Leeds Surrealist Group
- 73. Who continues to make films and experiment with objects as part of the Czech-Slovak Surrealists?
A) Jan Švankmajer
B) Waldemar Fydrych
C) Asger Jorn
D) Guy Debord
- 74. Which magazine did André Breton co-found in the United States during WWII?
A) VVV
B) Dyn
C) The Clean Handkerchief
D) View
- 75. Which journal has been published by the Group of Czech-Slovak Surrealists for almost 100 volumes?
A) Analogon
B) Surrealist Poetry
C) Alcheringa
D) The Theatre of Cruelty
- 76. Which Surrealist idea spread to North America and South America in the 1930s?
A) Cubism
B) Dadaism
C) Artistic practices
D) Political change
- 77. What technique did William S. Burroughs develop with Brion Gysin?
A) Automatic writing
B) Stream of consciousness
C) The cut-up technique
D) Free association
- 78. In which city did Alice Farley become active during the 1970s?
A) San Francisco
B) Paris
C) Chicago
D) New York
- 79. Which Surrealist composer wrote the opera 'La Petite Sirène'?
A) Germaine Tailleferre
B) György Ligeti
C) Mauricio Kagel
D) Pierre Boulez
- 80. Which Beat Generation writer cut off Marcel Duchamp's tie?
A) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
B) Gregory Corso
C) Bob Kaufman
D) Allen Ginsberg
- 81. What aspect does Alice Farley explore in her dance performances?
A) Costuming
B) Improvisation
C) Collaboration
D) Surrealism
- 82. Which Surrealist film was completed by Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2003?
A) The Blood of a Poet
B) Un Chien Andalou
C) Destino
D) L'Âge d'Or
- 83. Which Surrealist magazine prepared a schism between art and politics?
A) Adieu Marie
B) DYN
C) Tropiques
D) Bureau of Surrealist Research
- 84. Which critic grouped playwrights into the 'Theatre of the Absurd'?
A) André Breton
B) Martin Esslin
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Franklin Rosemont
- 85. Who was known as 'Major' in the Orange Alternative movement?
A) Guy Debord
B) Asger Jorn
C) Waldemar Fydrych
D) Joan Miró
- 86. What was the purpose of 'convulsive joining' in Surrealism?
A) To organize thoughts clearly
B) A tool for revelation
C) To create realistic art
D) To depict historical events
- 87. What journal has the current Surrealist Group of Paris recently published a new issue for?
A) Manifesto of Surrealism
B) The Theatre of the Absurd
C) Analogon
D) Alcheringa
- 88. Which Surrealist photographer was also known for their work in Japan?
A) Man Ray
B) Kansuke Yamamoto
C) Brassaï
D) Dora Maar
- 89. In which year did André Breton write about surrealism recognizing itself in anarchism?
A) 1968
B) 1939
C) 1945
D) 1952
- 90. Which artist is called the 'father of Surrealism' by Salvador Dalí?
A) Hieronymus Bosch
B) André Breton
C) Joos de Momper
D) Giuseppe Arcimboldo
- 91. Which American-born artist is known for using vivid and elaborate costuming in dance?
A) Samuel Beckett
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Alice Farley
- 92. Which Surrealist work was published in 1926?
A) Le Pèse-Nerfs by Artaud
B) Death to the Pigs by Péret
C) Irene's Cunt by Aragon
D) Mr. Knife Miss Fork by Crevel
- 93. Which surrealist periodical, edited by Georges Bataille, ended in 1931?
A) La Révolution surréaliste
B) Documents
C) Le Surréalisme au Service de la Révolution
D) Un Cadavre
- 94. Which movement is Afro-Surrealism primarily associated with?
A) Asia
B) The African diaspora
C) Western Europe
D) Latin America
- 95. Which Surrealist group was founded in Chile in 1938?
A) Mandrágora
B) Association des Ecrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
C) Bureau of Surrealist Research
D) Tropiques
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