A) Weather refers to long-term atmospheric patterns, while climate is short-term. B) Climate refers to long-term atmospheric patterns, while weather is short-term variability. C) Weather and climate describe identical atmospheric conditions. D) Climate changes more frequently than weather.
A) Variations in the Earth–Sun geometric relationship B) Ozone layer depletion C) Sudden shifts in ocean currents D) Random fluctuations in Earth’s weather systems
A) Ocean currents B) Earth’s rotation C) Sound waves D) Heat from the sun
A) The changes in sunlight were too small to trigger major climate events B) His theory contradicted Newtonian mechanics C) The effects he calculated were too large to be realistic D) His calculations were inaccurate
A) The relationship between temperature and humidity B) A geographic zone characterized by atmospheric conditions C) The difference between aphelion and perihelion D) The tilt of the Earth’s axis
A) Methane B) Nitrogen C) CO₂ D) Water vapor
A) It is elliptical and its orientation changes over time. B) It is circular but its orientation constantly shifts. C) It is elliptical but the Earth’s axis remains fixed. D) It is circular and maintains a fixed orientation in space.
A) Demonstrated that Earth’s tilt never changes B) Established that sunlight is constant over time C) Introduced the concept of chaos, showing small changes can have major effects D) Disproved the idea of orbital cycles
A) Earthquakes B) Temperature of the oceans C) CO₂ levels over time D) Distance to the sun
A) Solstice B) Perihelion C) Precession D) Equinox
A) It proves that climate change is entirely human-caused B) It eliminates the need for Milankovitch cycles C) It rejects all Newtonian physics D) It shows that summative effects of small changes can unexpectedly amplify
A) Human activities B) Solar storms C) Rotation speed D) Earth’s tilt
A) Summer solstice B) Perihelion C) Equinox D) Winter solstice
A) Milankovitch cycles alone B) Volcanic activity C) Increased ocean evaporation D) Human industry
A) More rainfall B) More trees C) Less sunlight D) Burning fossil fuels
A) The shift in distance between aphelion and perihelion B) Seasonal temperature fluctuations caused by Earth’s tilt C) The movement of equinox points due to axial precession D) The elliptical nature of Earth’s orbit
A) Solar radiation changes alone determine temperature B) The greenhouse effect does not exist C) Earth’s climate has always changed without human influence D) Humans influence climate more than nature
A) Makes Earth habitable B) Stops sunlight from entering C) Makes Earth colder D) Stops Earth’s rotation
A) Because the orbit of the Earth never changes B) Because changes in orbital orientation influence how much solar energy reaches Earth C) Because weather patterns are fully determined by orbital distance D) Because orbital factors eliminate the need to study atmospheric conditions
A) Humans were already causing warming B) Industrialization had no impact C) Temperature was decreasing D) Natural cycles were the dominant influence at that time
A) Keeling B) Poincaré C) Tyndall D) Newton
A) Predictable patterns only B) Complex and unpredictable systems C) Simple machines D) Earthquakes
A) Sudden changes in the atmosphere B) Short-term storms and rainfall C) The daily changes in temperature D) Long-term weather patterns of an area
A) To heat B) To slope C) To move D) To turn
A) The longest day of the year B) The tilt of the Earth C) The shortest day of the year D) The wobble or change in the Earth’s axis
A) Flying bird B) Spinning top (trumpo) C) Boat D) Car wheel
A) Tens of thousands of years B) Months C) Days D) Hundreds of years
A) The sun is over the equator B) Longest daylight of the year C) Day and night are equal D) Earth is farthest from the sun
A) Spiral B) Triangle C) Circle D) Ellipse
A) Water vapor B) Carbon dioxide C) Oxygen D) Methane
A) FALSE B) TRUE
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