Atlantic puffin - Quiz
Atlantic puffin
  • 1. What is the primary component of the Atlantic puffin's diet?
A) Shrimp
B) Fish
C) Molluscs
D) Polychaete worms
  • 2. How do Atlantic puffins swim underwater while fishing?
A) They rely on currents to carry them.
B) They use only their feet for propulsion.
C) They flap their wings rapidly.
D) They use their semi-extended wings as paddles and feet as a rudder.
  • 3. What is the typical length of fish that Atlantic puffins commonly consume?
A) 18 cm (7 in)
B) 5 cm (2 in)
C) Around 7 cm (3 in) long
D) 12 cm (5 in)
  • 4. How do Atlantic puffins cope with the excess salt from their diet?
A) By excreting it through their feet.
B) Through their kidneys and specialised salt glands in their nostrils.
C) By drinking fresh water.
D) By regurgitating it.
  • 5. Where do Atlantic puffins usually return to breed?
A) To the nearest human settlement.
B) To the colony where they were hatched.
C) To a completely new location each year.
D) Randomly across different islands.
  • 6. What behavior do Atlantic puffins exhibit when approaching their nesting colony?
A) They dive into the water.
B) They land immediately upon arrival.
C) They fly directly to a burrow entrance.
D) They make several circuits before alighting.
  • 7. How do Atlantic puffins show dominance?
A) By lowering their heads.
B) With an upright stance, fluffed chest feathers, and a cocked tail.
C) By swimming away.
D) By staying silent.
  • 8. What is the typical size of an Atlantic puffin egg?
A) 55 mm long by 35 mm wide, weighing about 50 g.
B) 70 mm long by 45 mm wide, weighing about 80 g.
C) 61 mm long by 42 mm wide, weighing about 62 g.
D) 50 mm long by 30 mm wide, weighing about 40 g.
  • 9. How do Atlantic puffins feed their chicks initially?
A) Feeding them pre-digested food.
B) Dropping fish on the nest floor from the start.
C) Beak-to-beak feeding.
D) Allowing them to hunt for themselves.
  • 10. What is a significant factor affecting puffin chick survival in the Shetland Islands?
A) The availability of sand eels.
B) The presence of Arctic skuas.
C) The temperature of the water.
D) The number of predators on land.
  • 11. How long does it take for Atlantic puffin chicks to fledge?
A) 60 to 70 days.
B) 10 to 20 days.
C) 34 to 50 days, depending on food supply.
D) 80 to 90 days.
  • 12. What happens when an Atlantic puffin chick is nearly fully fledged?
A) It gains adult facial patches.
B) It sheds its down and reveals juvenile plumage.
C) It leaves the burrow immediately.
D) It starts hunting for itself.
  • 13. How do Atlantic puffins avoid predation when their chicks fledge?
A) Chicks remain in the burrow indefinitely.
B) Chicks are abandoned.
C) Chicks leave during the day.
D) Chicks leave the burrow at night.
  • 14. What is a notable behavior of Atlantic puffins when they first reach the sea?
A) They swim towards predators.
B) They paddle out to sea, usually about 3 km away from shore by daybreak.
C) They congregate with other chicks.
D) They immediately fly back to land.
  • 15. How do Atlantic puffins typically respond to the loss of a nesting site due to erosion?
A) New colonies are unlikely to start spontaneously.
B) They immediately find new sites nearby.
C) They abandon breeding for that year.
D) They relocate to human settlements.
  • 16. What is the primary method of courtship in Atlantic puffins?
A) Building intricate nests.
B) Performing aerial displays.
C) Singing elaborate songs.
D) Billing, where pairs wag their heads and rattle their beaks together.
  • 17. What is the role of puffin burrows in their nesting behavior?
A) They are used for breeding and raising chicks.
B) They serve as storage for food.
C) They are used only by young puffins.
D) They are abandoned after one use.
  • 18. How do Atlantic puffins typically react to human presence on nesting slopes?
A) They welcome human interaction.
B) They ignore human presence completely.
C) They build stronger nests.
D) Their burrows may collapse if humans walk incautiously.
  • 19. What is the significance of puffin colonies on Eastern Egg Rock Island and the Shetland Islands?
A) They have no significance.
B) They are the only places where puffins breed.
C) Successful re-establishment after conservation efforts.
D) They are abandoned each year.
  • 20. What is a common adaptation of Atlantic puffins in Labrador when their main food source declines?
A) Migrating to new regions.
B) Reducing the number of chicks.
C) Feeding chicks on alternative prey species.
D) Stopping breeding altogether.
  • 21. How do Atlantic puffins reduce kleptoparasitism by Arctic skuas?
A) By hiding their food.
B) By ignoring the skuas.
C) By fighting the skuas.
D) By arriving in groups when feeding their young.
  • 22. What is a notable feature of Atlantic puffin chicks before they fledge?
A) They are larger than adult puffins.
B) They lack white facial patches and have dark legs and feet.
C) They have fully developed wings.
D) They have bright red beaks.
  • 23. What is the typical behavior of Atlantic puffin chicks when they first emerge from their burrows?
A) They remain in the burrow.
B) They fly immediately.
C) They dig new tunnels.
D) They walk, run, and flap to reach the sea.
  • 24. What is a significant factor affecting puffin breeding success in Norway?
A) The temperature of the air.
B) The number of human visitors.
C) The presence of Arctic skuas.
D) The availability of herring.
  • 25. How do Atlantic puffins typically respond to a shortage of fish during the breeding season?
A) They increase egg production.
B) The fledging period may be extended, and chicks may starve.
C) They immediately abandon their nests.
D) They migrate to new areas.
  • 26. What is a notable feature of Atlantic puffin burrows?
A) They are made entirely of sticks.
B) They are shared by multiple species.
C) They are always shallow and simple.
D) They can be complex with side tunnels for defecation.
  • 27. How do Atlantic puffins typically respond to the presence of great skuas?
A) Predation is reduced when several birds arrive simultaneously.
B) They attack the skuas.
C) They leave the area.
D) They hide their chicks.
  • 28. What is the typical flight height of an Atlantic puffin above sea surface?
A) 15 m (49 ft)
B) 10 m (35 ft)
C) 5 m (16 ft)
D) 20 m (66 ft)
  • 29. What sound does an Atlantic puffin make in its burrow?
A) A whistling sound.
B) A chirping sound.
C) A growling sound somewhat resembling a chainsaw being revved up.
D) A clicking sound.
  • 30. In which order is the Atlantic puffin classified?
A) Anseriformes
B) Ciconiiformes
C) Charadriiformes
D) Passeriformes
  • 31. Which family does the Atlantic puffin belong to?
A) Spheniscidae
B) Procellariidae
C) Alcidae
D) Falconidae
  • 32. What is the genus of the Atlantic puffin?
A) Fratercula
B) Cepphus
C) Alca
D) Uria
  • 33. From which language is the name 'puffin' derived?
A) Old English
B) Anglo-Norman
C) Latin
D) Greek
  • 34. Which species was originally called 'Manks puffin' in 1652?
A) Manx shearwater
B) Atlantic puffin
C) Guillemot
D) Razorbill
  • 35. Which subspecies is found in northern Iceland?
A) F. a. pacifica
B) F. a. arctica
C) F. a. grabae
D) F. a. naumanni
  • 36. What is the primary morphological difference among the Atlantic puffin subspecies?
A) Coloration
B) Beak shape
C) Size
D) Wing pattern
  • 37. Which subspecies of Atlantic puffin is found in the Faroes?
A) F. a. pacifica
B) F. a. grabae
C) F. a. naumanni
D) F. a. arctica
  • 38. What family does the Atlantic puffin belong to?
A) Auk family
B) Albatross family
C) Seagull family
D) Pelican family
  • 39. Where is the only native habitat of the Atlantic puffin located?
A) Southern Ocean
B) Pacific Ocean
C) Atlantic Ocean
D) Indian Ocean
  • 40. Which of these locations is NOT a breeding ground for the Atlantic puffin?
A) Greenland
B) Newfoundland and Labrador
C) Iceland
D) France (Brittany)
  • 41. What color are the cheek patches of an adult Atlantic puffin in its breeding plumage?
A) Black
B) Dark grey
C) Light grey
D) White
  • 42. What is the official bird of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador?
A) Atlantic puffin
B) Great blue heron
C) Mallard duck
D) Canada goose
  • 43. During which season do Atlantic puffins moult while at sea?
A) Autumn
B) Summer
C) Spring
D) Winter
  • 44. Where does more than 90% of the global population of Atlantic puffins breed?
A) Northwest Africa
B) South America
C) Europe
D) Australia
  • 45. What percentage of the world's Atlantic puffins are found in Iceland?
A) 50%
B) 80%
C) 60%
D) 30%
  • 46. Which of these areas is not a major breeding location for Atlantic puffins?
A) Norway
B) Newfoundland
C) South America
D) Faroe Islands
  • 47. During which season does the southern limit of Atlantic puffins stretch from northern France to Maine?
A) Winter
B) Summer
C) Autumn
D) Spring
  • 48. What percentage of ringed puffins that failed to reappear at the colony did so during the breeding season?
A) 80%
B) 20%
C) 5%
D) 50%
  • 49. What color is the upper surface of an Atlantic puffin?
A) White
B) Brown
C) Grey
D) Black
  • 50. Which species is a specialized kleptoparasite that harasses puffins while they are airborne?
A) The great black-backed gull
B) The lesser black-backed gull
C) The Arctic skua (Stercorarius parasiticus)
D) The herring gull
  • 51. Which parasite is originally a rabbit flea found in puffin nests?
A) Spilopsyllus cuniculi
B) Ixodes uriae
C) Ceratophyllus borealis
D) Ornithopsylla laetitiae
  • 52. What invasive plant species has threatened puffin nesting on Craigleith Island?
A) Tree mallow (Lavatera arborea)
B) Japanese knotweed
C) Purple loosestrife
D) Kudzu
  • 53. What was the estimated global population of adult Atlantic puffins in 2018?
A) 5–6 million individuals
B) 12–14 million individuals
C) 30–35 million individuals
D) 20–25 million individuals
  • 54. Which island off the coast of Pembrokeshire in west Wales has a significant puffin colony?
A) Farne Islands
B) Lundy Island
C) Skomer Island
D) Fair Isle
  • 55. What is the primary threat to puffins when they are ashore?
A) Aerial predators
B) Seals
C) Ground-based mammals
D) Fish
  • 56. What technique can be used to provide evidence of the adverse effects of pollutants on Atlantic puffins?
A) Fingerprinting techniques
B) Behavioral analysis
C) Genetic modification
D) Dietary surveys
  • 57. What factor influences the success of newly hatched fish larvae, which in turn affects puffin breeding success?
A) Water temperature controlling plankton abundance
B) Chick growth rates
C) Fish migration patterns
D) Ocean salinity levels
  • 58. Which organization runs the Project Puffin Visitor Center in Rockland?
A) The World Wildlife Fund
B) The National Audubon Society
C) The Sierra Club
D) The Nature Conservancy
  • 59. What informal name is given to juvenile puffins?
A) Marine fledglings
B) Ocean babies
C) Pufflings
D) Sea chicks
  • 60. Which municipality in Norway has an Atlantic puffin on its coat of arms?
A) Oslo
B) Trondheim
C) Bergen
D) Værøy Municipality
  • 61. What year did Penguin Books introduce the Puffin Books brand for children?
A) 1939
B) 1945
C) 1960
D) 1950
  • 62. Which island has a tradition of rescuing young puffins, as recorded in Bruce McMillan's book?
A) Værøy
B) Heimaey
C) Lundy
D) Skellig Michael
  • 63. Which fictional creature was created by digitally dressing puffins for Star Wars?
A) Ewoks
B) Droids
C) Porgs
D) Wookiees
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