- 1. Anuradhapura, the ancient capital of Sri Lanka, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site celebrated for its remarkable archaeological significance and rich history that dates back to the 4th century BC. Nestled in the North Central Province, this city was the center of Sri Lankan civilization for over a millennium and is renowned for its well-preserved ruins of palaces, monasteries, and stupas. Notable features include the Sri Maha Bodhi, which is believed to be a sapling from the sacred fig tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment, making it one of the oldest living trees in the world. The sprawling complex of the Ruwanwelisaya stupa stands as a testament to the ancient engineering prowess, encasing relics of the Buddha and attracting pilgrims from across the globe. The city's layout reflects the sophisticated urban planning of the time, complemented by an intricate system of irrigation that supported agriculture in the region. Anuradhapura remains a vital religious hub, fostering Theravada Buddhism and continuing to host vibrant festivals that celebrate its historical and spiritual heritage, drawing visitors who are eager to explore its storied past and serene atmosphere.
Which religion is predominantly associated with Anuradhapura?
A) Hinduism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Islam
- 2. Which ancient kingdom was Anuradhapura the capital of?
A) Jaffna Kingdom
B) Anuradhapura Kingdom
C) Kandyan Kingdom
D) Polonnaruwa Kingdom
- 3. Which tree is considered sacred in Anuradhapura?
A) Jack tree
B) Neem tree
C) Mango tree
D) Bodhi tree
- 4. What UNESCO designation does Anuradhapura hold?
A) Geopark
B) World Heritage Site
C) Cultural Landscape
D) Biosphere Reserve
- 5. What is the significance of the Isurumuniya rock temple?
A) Buddhist carvings and sculptures
B) Trade routes
C) Agricultural fields
D) A royal palace
- 6. Which museum is located in Anuradhapura?
A) Kandy Museum
B) National Museum of Colombo
C) Anuradhapura Archaeological Museum
D) Galle Museum
- 7. What does the term 'Vihara' mean in relation to Anuradhapura?
A) Buddhist monastery
B) Market place
C) Royal palace
D) Farming land
- 8. What is unique about the Jetavanaramaya?
A) It is an underground structure
B) It was one of the tallest stupas in the world
C) It is made of granite
D) It has a large garden
- 9. Which ethnic group primarily occupies Anuradhapura today?
A) Muslims
B) Sinhalese
C) Tamils
D) Burghers
- 10. What major event is commemorated during the Poson Poya festival in Anuradhapura?
A) New year celebration
B) Harvest festival
C) Victory over invaders
D) The introduction of Buddhism to Sri Lanka
- 11. Who is the main deity worshiped at the ancient temples of Anuradhapura?
A) Shiva
B) Ganesha
C) Buddha
D) Vishnu
- 12. What ancient connectivity was highlighted in Anuradhapura?
A) Fishing routes along the coast
B) Military routes to the north
C) Trade routes with India
D) Cultural exchanges with China
- 13. What other ancient city served as the capital after Anuradhapura?
A) Polonnaruwa
B) Kandy
C) Sigiriya
D) Colombo
- 14. What kind of structure is the Thuparamaya?
A) A dagoba (stupa)
B) An ancient palace
C) A fortress
D) A temple for rituals
- 15. What type of script was used for inscriptions in Anuradhapura?
A) Devanagari script
B) Brahmi script
C) Latin script
D) Tamil script
- 16. Which ancient king is credited with establishing Anuradhapura?
A) King Pandukabhaya
B) King Mahasena
C) King Vasabha
D) King Devanampiya Tissa
- 17. What does the term 'Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi' refer to?
A) An ancient stupa
B) A statue of Buddha
C) A royal palace
D) A sacred fig tree
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