- 1. Anuradhapura, the ancient capital of Sri Lanka, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site celebrated for its remarkable archaeological significance and rich history that dates back to the 4th century BC. Nestled in the North Central Province, this city was the center of Sri Lankan civilization for over a millennium and is renowned for its well-preserved ruins of palaces, monasteries, and stupas. Notable features include the Sri Maha Bodhi, which is believed to be a sapling from the sacred fig tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment, making it one of the oldest living trees in the world. The sprawling complex of the Ruwanwelisaya stupa stands as a testament to the ancient engineering prowess, encasing relics of the Buddha and attracting pilgrims from across the globe. The city's layout reflects the sophisticated urban planning of the time, complemented by an intricate system of irrigation that supported agriculture in the region. Anuradhapura remains a vital religious hub, fostering Theravada Buddhism and continuing to host vibrant festivals that celebrate its historical and spiritual heritage, drawing visitors who are eager to explore its storied past and serene atmosphere.
Which religion is predominantly associated with Anuradhapura?
A) Islam
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Hinduism
- 2. Which ancient kingdom was Anuradhapura the capital of?
A) Anuradhapura Kingdom
B) Polonnaruwa Kingdom
C) Kandyan Kingdom
D) Jaffna Kingdom
- 3. Which tree is considered sacred in Anuradhapura?
A) Mango tree
B) Neem tree
C) Jack tree
D) Bodhi tree
- 4. What UNESCO designation does Anuradhapura hold?
A) Cultural Landscape
B) World Heritage Site
C) Geopark
D) Biosphere Reserve
- 5. What is the significance of the Isurumuniya rock temple?
A) Trade routes
B) A royal palace
C) Agricultural fields
D) Buddhist carvings and sculptures
- 6. Which museum is located in Anuradhapura?
A) Kandy Museum
B) National Museum of Colombo
C) Anuradhapura Archaeological Museum
D) Galle Museum
- 7. What does the term 'Vihara' mean in relation to Anuradhapura?
A) Farming land
B) Buddhist monastery
C) Market place
D) Royal palace
- 8. What is unique about the Jetavanaramaya?
A) It has a large garden
B) It is made of granite
C) It is an underground structure
D) It was one of the tallest stupas in the world
- 9. Which ethnic group primarily occupies Anuradhapura today?
A) Muslims
B) Sinhalese
C) Tamils
D) Burghers
- 10. What major event is commemorated during the Poson Poya festival in Anuradhapura?
A) Harvest festival
B) The introduction of Buddhism to Sri Lanka
C) New year celebration
D) Victory over invaders
- 11. Who is the main deity worshiped at the ancient temples of Anuradhapura?
A) Vishnu
B) Buddha
C) Ganesha
D) Shiva
- 12. What ancient connectivity was highlighted in Anuradhapura?
A) Cultural exchanges with China
B) Trade routes with India
C) Fishing routes along the coast
D) Military routes to the north
- 13. What other ancient city served as the capital after Anuradhapura?
A) Polonnaruwa
B) Sigiriya
C) Kandy
D) Colombo
- 14. What kind of structure is the Thuparamaya?
A) A temple for rituals
B) An ancient palace
C) A dagoba (stupa)
D) A fortress
- 15. What type of script was used for inscriptions in Anuradhapura?
A) Devanagari script
B) Tamil script
C) Brahmi script
D) Latin script
- 16. Which ancient king is credited with establishing Anuradhapura?
A) King Mahasena
B) King Devanampiya Tissa
C) King Vasabha
D) King Pandukabhaya
- 17. What does the term 'Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi' refer to?
A) A sacred fig tree
B) An ancient stupa
C) A royal palace
D) A statue of Buddha
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