Aztec calendar - Quiz
Aztec calendar
  • 1. What is the term used for the thirteen-day periods in the Aztec sacred calendar?
A) Veintena
B) Trecenas
C) Nēmontēmi
D) Xiuhpōhualli
  • 2. How many days are in each trecena?
A) 5
B) 18
C) 20
D) 13
  • 3. What is the original Nahuatl term for 'trecena'?
A) Metztli
B) Cipactli
C) Xiuhpōhualli
D) In cencalli tonalli
  • 4. How many days make up the Aztec year in the Xiuhpōhualli calendar?
A) 370
B) 355
C) 360
D) 365
  • 5. How many named days are there in the Xiuhpōhualli calendar?
A) 365
B) 370
C) 350
D) 360
  • 6. What are the 'extra' days in the Xiuhpōhualli calendar thought to be?
A) Festive
B) Lucky
C) Neutral
D) Unlucky
  • 7. How many periods of twenty days each make up the year in the Xiuhpōhualli calendar?
A) 13
B) 5
C) 20
D) 18
  • 8. What is the Nahuatl word for moon?
A) Nēmontēmi
B) Cipactli
C) Metztli
D) Xiuhpōhualli
  • 9. What is the Spanish term for the 20-day period in the Aztec calendar?
A) Nēmontēmi
B) Xiuhpōhualli
C) Veintena
D) Trecena
  • 10. Which deity's festival marks the start of each 20-day period in the Xiuhpōhualli calendar?
A) Xiuhpōhualli
B) Nēmontēmi
C) Cipactli
D) Metztli
  • 11. How many days were in each month of the Aztec calendar?
A) 18
B) 13
C) 5
D) 20
  • 12. What was the Aztec year count called?
A) Veintena
B) Trecena
C) Xiuhpōhualli
D) Nēmontēmi
  • 13. Which scholar's date precedes Diego Durán's observations?
A) Cipactli
B) Tenochtitlan
C) Metztli
D) Bernardino de Sahagún
  • 14. What was the effect on the Native new year after the Mexica defeat?
A) It became non-uniform
B) It remained the same
C) It became longer
D) It became shorter
  • 15. What is the Aztec calendar system also known as?
A) The Mayan calendar
B) The Mexica calendar
C) The Olmec calendar
D) The Inca calendar
  • 16. How many years does the Aztec 'century' last?
A) 260 years
B) 100 years
C) 365 years
D) 52 years
  • 17. What is the xiuhpōhualli based on?
A) The planets
B) The sun
C) The stars
D) The moon
  • 18. What is the tōnalpōhualli considered to be?
A) The sacred calendar
B) The lunar calendar
C) The agricultural calendar
D) The solar calendar
  • 19. What follows 13. Reed in the tōnalpōhualli cycle?
A) 3. House
B) 4. Lizard
C) 1. Jaguar
D) 2. Crocodile
  • 20. How many days does it take for the tōnalpōhualli cycle to realign and repeat?
A) 13 days
B) 365 days
C) 52 days
D) 260 days
  • 21. Which gods are represented by Wind and Rain in the Aztec calendar?
A) Chalchiuhtlicue and Tlaloc
B) Huitzilopochtli and Quetzalcoatl
C) Ehēcatl and Tlāloc
D) Tezcatlipoca and Xipe Totec
  • 22. How many worlds or 'suns' did the Aztecs believe in before the current one?
A) Four
B) Five
C) Six
D) Three
  • 23. What is the current world called in Aztec belief?
A) The Fifth Sun
B) The Sixth Sun
C) The Seventh Sun
D) The Fourth Sun
  • 24. How often did the Aztecs believe a world cycle ended?
A) Every 52 years
B) Every 260 years
C) Every 100 years
D) Every 365 years
  • 25. What is the first day sign in the tōnalpōhualli cycle?
A) Wind
B) House
C) Crocodile
D) Lizard
  • 26. What is the last day sign in the 20th week of the tōnalpōhualli cycle?
A) Rabbit
B) Flower
C) Jaguar
D) Reed
  • 27. What is the association of the day signs in the Aztec calendar?
A) Each day sign is associated with a different plant
B) Each day sign is associated with a different god
C) Each day sign is associated with one of the four cardinal directions
D) Each day sign is associated with a different animal
  • 28. What is the correct Nahuatl word for the 52-year cycle?
A) Xiuhnelpilli
B) Xiuhpōhualli
C) Tonalpohualli
D) Xiuhmolpilli
  • 29. Which project combines multiple Mesoamerican calendrical systems in an integrated interface?
A) Xiuhmachiotl
B) Nahuatl Calendar Project
C) Centro de Puebla
D) Kaltonak
  • 30. Which scholar proposed a correlation placing the first day of the Mexica year on February 13 of the Julian calendar?
A) José Genaro Emiliano Medina Ramos
B) Alfonso Caso
C) Professor Rafael Tena
D) Ruben Ochoa
  • 31. What event corresponds to the date February 22 in the Mexica calendar?
A) Birth of Huitzilopochtli
B) End of the year
C) New Fire Ceremony
D) Tie of the Years
  • 32. Which calendar reconstruction project relies on astronomical, archaeological, and historical evidence?
A) Xiuhmachiotl
B) Nahuatl Calendar Project
C) Centro de Puebla
D) Kaltonak
  • 33. What is the name of the sequence that lasts nine days?
A) Xiuhpohualli
B) Night Lord sequence
C) Tonalpohualli
D) Citlalpohualli
  • 34. Which scholar's proposal was translated into Spanish and English and codified as an academic webpage in 2023?
A) Ruben Ochoa
B) Professor Rafael Tena
C) Alfonso Caso
D) José Genaro Emiliano Medina Ramos
  • 35. What is the focus of the Citlalpohualli?
A) Solar
B) Lunar
C) Long Count
D) Venus
  • 36. Which scholar's correlation goes against strong evidence about the Mexica start of day?
A) José Genaro Emiliano Medina Ramos
B) Professor Rafael Tena
C) Alfonso Caso
D) Ruben Ochoa
  • 37. What is the date of the 'Tie of the Years' in the Mexica calendar?
A) February 23 of the Gregorian calendar
B) February 22
C) First day after the vernal equinox
D) February 13 of the Julian calendar
  • 38. What is the name of the calendar that focuses on Venus?
A) Tonalpohualli
B) Xiuhpohualli
C) Night Lord sequence
D) Citlalpohualli
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